生物滤池和常规工艺对某地表水中不同分子量有机物的去除

采用生物滤池和常规处理对受污染的某地表水进行试验研究 ,用膜过滤法对其出水进行了分子量分析 ,考察了 2个处理单元对不同分子量区间有机物的去除效果。结果表明 :原水中分子量小于 1 0 0 0的有机物占总 DOC的 78.2 9% ;生物滤池对分子量小于50 0、50 0～ 1 0 0 0和 >60 0 0 0的有机物去除率分别为 54.9%、36.1 %和 2 0 .7% ;常规处理对以上分子量区间有机物的去除率分别为1 5.3%、- 2 0 %和 48.75%。     

荣成天鹅湖

“天尽地无尽，沧海一望惊。日晴仍汉色，潮怒带秦声。远想来孤鹤，深疑卧巨鲸。欲观真面目，需向海中行。”这首古诗所云之处便是有“中国好望角”和“天尽头”之称的山东半岛最东端荣成市的成山头。     

电子废弃物的特点

电子废弃物资源化研究是一项新型而紧迫的课题，它具有数量多、危害大、潜在价值高、回收利用困难的特点，必须对电子废弃物予以高度关注。     

Heavy metals in surface sediments from Minjiang Esturary—Mazu and Xiamen—Jinmen sea areas

The concentrations of Cu,Pb, Zn and Cd in surface sediments from Minjang Estuary-Mazu and Ziamen-Jinmen sea areas of China were investigated during 1995-1996.The concentration ranges of Cu,Pb ,Zn and Cd in the Minjiang Estuary-Mazu sea area were 16.4-37.2,33.4-69.6,92.1-128,0.087-0.036mg/kg(dry wt.),respectively; those for Xiamen-Jinmen sea area were 11.0-24.5,36.0-80.3,77.5-161,0.135-0.285mg/kg(dry wt.), respectively.The concentration and distributions of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd in surface sediments of Minjiang Estuary-Mazu and Xiamen-Jinmen sea areas were analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that the values of Zn and Pb exceeded those of sediment quality criteria.The average concentration of Cu in Minjiang Estuary-Mazu sea area was higher than that in Xiamen-Jinmen sea area.The obviously higher concentrations of Cu,Pb, Zn and Cd were found at outlets of Minjiang and Jiulong River.From the estuaries to open sea, the concentrations of Cu, Pb,Zn and Cd had a decreasing trend, and then elevated in the sea areas near Mazu and Jinmen, suggesting that Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd in Minjiang Estuary-Mazu and Xiamen-Jinmen sea areas may come from both the mainland and Taiwan of China.     

2-Chlorophenol oxidation kinetic by photo-assisted Fenton process

Experimental data are presented to test and validate a kinetic model for the oxidation of 2-chlorophenol wastewater by photo-assisted Fenton process. The data showed that this process had produced good effects under acidic conductions. Up to 90% 2-chlorophenol was removed after 90-minute reaction time with H2O2 of 25% CODCr. in, while in UV/H2O2 system ordy 16.8% 2-chlorophenol was removed after one hour treatment. The optimal pH in this reaction occurred between pH 3.0 and pH 4.0. The reaction kinetics for photo-assisted Fenton process experimented in this research was investigated. Kinetic models were proposed for the treatment of 2-chlorophenol wastewater. The reaction was found to follow the 2nd order. The equations of reaction kinetics are as follows:-d[RH]/dt=KRH[RH][H2O2]0exp(-KH2o2t);-d[CODCr]/dt=KCODCr[CODCr][H2O2]0exp(-K′t).The prediction of the models was found to be in a good agreement with experimental results, thus confimfing the proposed reaction mechanism.     

Catalytic dechlorination of chlorobenzene in water by Pd/Fe bimetallic system

IntroductionChlorinatedorganiccompoundshavebeenusedonalargescaleinthechemical,petrochemical,andelectronicindustries.Inrecentyears ,worldwideattentionhasbeengiventotheenvironmentalandhealthimpactofthemasaclassofcontaminants .Severalareknowntocauseozonedepletion ,whileothersproduceadverseeffectsonthehumancentralnervoussystemandhavebeenlinkedtodiseasessuchascancer.Almostallofthechlorinatedaromaticcompoundsaretoxicandthermallystable .Oncereleasedintoenvironment,theywillaccumulateinthesurroundings…     

Catalysts for decomposing ozone tail gas

The preparation of immobilizing-catalysts for decomposing ozone by using dipping method was studied. XRD, XPS and TEM were used to characterize the catalysts. The three kinds of catalysts were selected preferentially, and their catalytic activities were investigated. The results showed that the catalyst with activated carbon dipping acetate( active components are Mn:Cu = 3:2, active component proportion in catalyst is 15%, calcination temperature is 200℃ ) has the best catalytic activity for ozone decomposing. One gram of catalyst can decompose 17.6g ozone at initial ozone concentration of 2.5g/m^3 and the residence time in reactor of 0.1s. The experimental results also indicated that humidity of reaction system had negative effect on catalytic activity.     

直岗拉卡水电站工程生态环境的影响分析

直岗拉卡水电站地处青藏高原,是黄河上游第4个梯级电站,工程所处区域属生态环境十分敏感和脆弱的青藏高原。论文在阐述直岗拉卡水电站工程影响区生态环境基本特征的基础上,度量了该区域生物多样性及电站运行后对生态环境的影响程度,提出了相关对策。分析表明,直岗拉卡水电站工程在实施严格的环境保护措施后对生态环境的影响是可以接受的。     

糠醛废水处理工程的调试运行实例

本文就糠醛生产工艺与生产废水水质特点 ,采用中和———厌氧———好氧气浮处理技术 ,对工程试运行中的各个环节及处理问题的措施及小试过程效果的应用 ,作系统的介绍。     

次声实验系统及其声学性能分析

为了从环境保护和劳动卫生学的角度研究次声对人的影响 ,本研究基于亥姆霍兹谐振器的基本原理研制了一个次声试验系统。该系统由亥姆霍兹谐振器、电声驱动部分和测控分析部分组成 ,通过对该系统的声学性能进行测试和分析 ,确定了系统所能发出的次声频率和次声级范围 ,讨论了系统发出次声时所产生的高次谐波对系统性能的影响及系统的频响特性 ,检验了谐振腔内部次声场空间分布的均匀性 ,结果表明该系统的声学性能是令人满意的 ,能够满足研究次声及其对人影响的实验要求。