连续流分段进水生物脱氮工艺控制要点及优化

主要介绍了分段进水生物脱氮工艺的系统工作原理及工艺特性,并探讨了该工艺运行操作和设计的几个重要影响因素,如进水流量分配比、溶解氧、污泥回流比、C/N比等,并在此基础上讨论了分段进水生物脱氮工艺的优化控制对策.     

常熟河网区水污染物总量控制研究

基于常熟河网原型调水实验和水功能区划，建立了感潮地区河网水量水质模型，对常熟河道水质降解系数及水环境容量进行了计算，并按照点源和面源对区域内污染源进行统计，在此基础上进行了常熟河网水污染物总量控制值和现状削减量的计算，为该地区的水污染防控提供了科学依据。     

常规水处理厂中小隐孢子虫卵囊的去除效果

介绍了小隐孢子虫卵囊的特点及其对人体的危害，分析了pH、混凝剂种类与投加量、电导率和天然有机物含量等对小隐孢子虫卵囊的Zeta电位的影响，总结了混凝－沉淀－过滤和直接过滤对小隐孢子虫卵囊的去除效果，探讨了水温、水质、混凝剂种类与投加量、滤料层组成和滤速等对去除效果的影响。     

Factors influencing arsenic accumulation by Pteris vittata: a comparative field study at two sites

This study compared the factors influencing arsenic (As) accumulation by Pteris vittata at two sites, one containing As along with Au mineralization and the other containing Hg/Tl mineralization. The soils above these two sites contained high As concentrations (26.8-2955 mg kg(-1)). Although the As concentration, pH, soil cation exchange capacity and plant biomass differed significantly between the two sites, no differences were observed in the As concentrations in the fronds and roots, or the translocation factors, of P. vittata, suggesting that this species has consistent As hyperaccumulation properties in the field. The As concentration in the fronds was positively related to phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), but negatively related to calcium (Ca), at one site. This suggested that P, K and Ca influenced As accumulation by P. vittata in the field.     

Arsenic accumulation by two brake ferns growing on an arsenic mine and their potential in phytoremediation

In an area near an arsenic mine in Hunan Province of south China, soils were often found with elevated arsenic levels. A field survey was conducted to determine arsenic accumulation in 8 Cretan brake ferns (Pteris cretica) and 16 Chinese brake ferns (Pteris vittata) growing on these soils. Three factors were evaluated: arsenic concentration in above ground parts (fronds), arsenic bioaccumulation factor (BF; ratio of arsenic in fronds to soil) and arsenic translocation factor (TF; ratio of arsenic in fronds to roots). Arsenic concentrations in the fronds of Chinese brake fern were 3-704 mg kg-1, the BFs were 0.06-7.43 and the TFs were 0.17-3.98, while those in Cretan brake fern were 149-694 mg kg-1, 1.34-6.62 and 1.00-2.61, respectively. Our survey showed that both ferns were capable of arsenic accumulation under field conditions. With most of the arsenic being accumulated in the fronds, these ferns have potential for use in phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated soils.     

低碳排放的生物絮凝中试系统污染物去除特性及污泥EPS变化

用中试规模生物絮凝工艺处理含化学絮凝剂的生活污水,分别研究了HRT和进水SS对生物絮凝系统污染物去除特性、剩余污泥产量、污泥特性和温室气体排放的影响。结果表明：生物絮凝系统对COD、TN和TP有较好的去除效果,且污染物去除效果受进水SS影响较大;生物絮凝系统平均污泥产量和平均有机物产量最高可达 53.63 kg·d⁻¹和21.14 kg·d⁻¹;污泥胞外聚合物EPS浓度和PN/PS均与有机负荷呈反比;化学絮凝剂通过影响PN/PS和EPS浓度,可间接影响污泥的沉降性能;生物絮凝系统与AAO工艺相结合,可降低50.12 g·m⁻³温室气体的排放。因此,生物絮凝工艺可为污水处理厂节能降耗运行奠定基础,有望得到广泛应用。     

Bidens pilosa L. hyperaccumulating Cd with different species in soil and the role of EDTA on the hyperaccumulation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Investigating whether the same hyperaccumulator shows a high accumulation potential for different species of the same heavy metal in the soil has...     

有色金属冶炼厂镉污染土壤淋洗除镉

以云南省某废弃有色金属冶炼厂镉污染土壤为研究对象,分别采用单一淋洗和复合淋洗方法探究盐酸、FeCl3、鼠李糖脂淋洗剂及淋洗条件对土壤中镉去除效果的影响。结果表明,在盐酸(1 mol·L-1)+鼠李糖脂(2%)配比为2∶1,液固比为8∶1,淋洗时间为24 h的条件下,土壤中镉的去除率可达86.78%,可将镉污染强度为1 180 mg·kg-1的土壤修复至满足《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准》(GB 36600-2018)第二类用地管制值(Cd-1)的要求。该方法可有效去除土壤中活性态镉,使土壤生物毒性明显降低。     

内蒙古煤矿环境地质问题及其防治对策研究

煤炭是内蒙古最具优势的矿产资源 ,其产值几乎占到该区工业产值的一半。由于历史及政策等因素的影响 ,煤矿开发破坏矿区环境资源、诱发地质灾害和导致环境污染。不同地域矿山开发诱发的环境地质问题不同 ,露天和地下不同的开采方式诱发不同的环境地质问题。国有大中型老矿区地面塌陷问题较为严重 ,成为制约矿山持续发展的主要因素之一。乡镇及个体小煤矿“只开发 ,不治理”加剧了矿山地质环境的恶化。在西部大开发中 ,要吸取“先开发 ,后治理”的历史教训 ,走资源合理开发利用与矿区生态环境保护的绿色矿业之路     

Contents and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in vegetable soils of Guangzhou, China

We investigated contents, distribution and possible sources of PAHs and organochlorine pesticides (Ops) in 43 surface and subsurface soils around the urban Guangzhou where variable kinds of vegetables are grown. The results indicate that the contents of PAHs (16 US EPA priority PAHs) range from 42 to 3077 microg/kg and the pollution extent is classified as a moderate level in comparison with other investigations and soil quality standards. The ratios of methylphenanthrenes to phenanthrene(MP/P), anthracene to anthracene plus phenanthrene (An/178), benz[a]anthracene to benz[a]anthracene plus chrysene (BaA/228), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene to indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene plus benzo[ghi]perylene (In/In+BP) suggest that the sources of PAHs in the soil samples are mixed with a dominant contribution from petroleum and combustion of fossil fuel. The correlation analysis shows that the PAHs contents are significantly related to total organic carbon contents (TOC) (R2=0.75) and black carbon contents (BC) (R2=0.62) in the soil samples. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes and metabolites (HCHs) account largely for the contaminants of OPs. The concentrations of DDTs range from 3.58 to 831 microg/kg and the ratios for DDT/(DDD+DDE) are higher than 2 in some soil samples, suggesting that DDT contamination still exists and may be caused by its persistence in soils and/or impurity in the pesticide dicofol. The concentrations of HCHs are 0.19-42.3 microg/kg.