Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

An approach to the fluctuation mechanism of ecotone

In this paper,the relationship among land productivity,population pressure and the fluctuation mechanism of ecotone is analyzed,taking coumties and banners of southeast Inner Mongolia plateau as an example,which is the most fragile part in the farming and husbandry interleaving belt of north China due to its severe desertification degree and low level of economic development.The Cv for the total output value of agriculture decreases from southeast to northwest,with the same rule as which the overloading population cumulated distributes,and both indicators have close relation with the high linear coefficient of 0.83.These reveal the fluctuation mechanism for ecotone:fluctuation of the level of economic development is a scientific and practical measure both to weakness degree and to instability of ecotone,because it is a synthesized response to the variation of climate as well as irrational land uses,which reinforce and magnify the fluctuation.In detail,the heavier the population overloading,the severer the grassland reclamation,the stronger the dependence of regional productivity on rainfall,the lower the level of economic development,the rougher the fluctuation of ecotone,but the weaker the PRED system.     

乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛火山岩岩石学特征及岩浆成因与演化

菲尔德斯半岛出露一套第三纪岛孤火山岩,包括高铝玄武岩、玄武安山岩、及少量安山岩与英安岩,从早到晚可划分为碧玉山段、玛瑙滩段、化石山段和岩块山段四个岩性段.它们属于同一钙碱性岩浆演化系列,其中高铝玄武岩是其它火山岩的母岩.高铝玄武岩的形成过程可分两个阶段:首先是上地幔楔经过20～25％的部分熔融生成原生橄榄拉斑玄武质岩浆,然后原生岩浆再经40％的矿物分离结晶作用(其中橄榄石占30％,单斜辉石占70％)而分异形成高铝玄武岩浆.     

UASB-BIOFOR滤池组合工艺处理柠檬酸废水的中试研究

采用UASB-BIOFOR滤池组合工艺处理柠檬酸废水,对其中的操作步骤及注意事项进行了详细介绍.实验结果表明,该组合工艺对柠檬酸废水处理效果良好,系统出水能够达到GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》中的一级标准.     

环境影响评价有效性评估理论研究

结合系统工程理论，初步建立环境影响评价有效性评估的概念方法和理论体系，据此对我国环境影响评价有效性进行初步评估，并提出进一步提高我国环境影响评价有效性的对策及建议。     

中国PM_(2.5)污染状况和污染特征的研究

近１０ 余年来在中国的城市地区和清洁地区进行了ＰＭ２－５ 的采集和分析，其中包括ＰＭ２－５ 的质量浓度、离子和元素成分、酸度和酸化缓冲能力以及来源解析，研究结果表明，中国大部分地区ＰＭ２－５ 的污染较重，不论是质量浓度，还是各种主要成分浓度，在ＴＳＰ 和ＰＭ１０ 中都占有很高的比重，而ＰＭ２－５ 的酸度也远远高于ＴＳＰ 和ＰＭ１０ ，特别是近年来ＰＭ２－５ 污染还有相对加剧的趋势。     

锦纶生产废水的深度处理研究

采用曝气生物滤池对锦纶生产废水进行深度处理,试验结果表明,该工艺可有效去除CODCr和NH3-N,并在不同运行条件下的运行特性进行了考察,确定试验的最佳气水比。     

国内氰化物测定法近况

阐述了近几年来国内氰化物的测定方法。方法包括:色谱法、光谱法、电化学法及其他方法。     

海南琼北火山监测与研究

本文通过对海南琼北火山地区火山地质构造、地震活动背景分析，阐明了以马鞍岭——雷虎岭火山为代表的历史喷发形式、构造类型、岩浆流的范围以及流向，论述了琼北火山是一个较典型的城市火山，是一个处于休眠状态的具有喷发危险的火山，并通过国内外火山活动监测与分析方法的对比，确定海南琼北火山活动监测、应急措施与对策。     

Catalytic dechlorinafion of o-chlorophenol by nanoscale Pd／Fe

Transformation of chlorophenols by nanoscale bimetallic particles represents one of the latest innovative technologies for environmental remediation. Nanoscale Pd/Fe bimetallic particles were synthesized in the laboratory for treatment of o-chlorophenol. Most of the nanoscale particles are in the size range of 20-100 nm. BET specific surface area of the nanoscale Pd/Fe particles is 12.4 m2/g. In comparison, a commercially available Fe powder( < 100 mesh) has a specific surface area of just 0.49 m2/g. Batch experiments demonstrated that the nanoscale Pd/Fe bimetallic particles can effectively dechlorinate o-chlorophenol. Dechlorination efficiency is affected by the mass fraction of Pd in the bimetal, nanoscale Pd/Fe mass concentration and mixing intensity.