通吕运河控制断面水质达标分析

文章通过通吕运河规划区域内南通主城区、通州区、海门市、启东市污染物现状入河量和预测量的计算,将通吕运河全线划分为四个水质控制断面,并采用河流一维稳态水质模型对通吕运河沿程水质变化情况进行数值模拟,进行通吕运河四个控制断面水质达标分析,得出选定的四个控制断面水质在不同的污染物入河量时达到地表水环境功能区水质目标需要削减的化学需氧量、氨氮、总磷的排放量,为通吕运河的水环境综合整治提供技术支撑。     

Distribution pattern of plant species diversity in the mountainous Region of Ili River Valley, Xinjiang

In this paper, detrended canonical correspondence analysis was performed to analyze the relationships between diversity indices and environmental gradients, generalized additive model was employed to modal the response curves of diversity indices to the elevation, based on data from field investigation in the mountainous region of the Ili River Valley and a survey of 94 sample plots. Two hundred fifty-nine plant species were recorded in the 94 sample plots investigated, up to 235 species all appeared in the herb layer, and the species of woody plants were very limited. The communities with a complicated vertical structure presented higher values of indices. The distribution pattern of plant species diversity on the northern slope was affected by such factors as elevation, slope aspect, slope gradient, total nitrogen, total potassium, soil water content, organic matter, and that on the southern slope was mainly affected by such factors as slope gradient, elevation, available phosphorus, and soil water content. On the northern slope, Patrick index and Shannon?CWiener index of the plant communities presented a bimodality pattern along altitude; Simpson index and Pielou index showed a partially unimodal pattern. On the southern slope all the distribution pattern of species diversity indices showed two peaks, though Patrick index??s bimodality pattern was not an obvious one. These altitudinal patterns were formed by the synthetic action of a variety of environmental factors with elevation playing an important role.     

一株降解纤维素梭形芽胞杆菌的筛选与鉴定

从肥沃的土壤中经过分离获得14株降解纤维素的细菌,以菌株在纤维素刚果红平板中溶菌圈直径与菌落直径的比值为依据进行筛选,获得一株比值为4.5的菌株,编号为X62。采用DNS法对影响该菌产生纤维素酶活力的单因素进行了分析,并通过对其进行形态特征、生理生化特征测定以及16S rDNA序列分析,确定X62为梭形芽胞杆菌（Lysinibacillus fusiformis）,将其命名为Lysinibacillus fusiformis X62。X62的16S rRNA序列GenBank登录号为JX198550。     

Effects of ion concentration and natural organic matter on arsenic(V) removal by nanofiltration under different transmembrane pressures

The removal of As(V) from synthetic water was studied using four different nanofiltration (NF) membranes (ESNA-1-K1, NF270, ESNA-1-LF, and HODRA-CORE). The influences of ion concentration, transmembrane pressure (TMP), and the presence of natural organic matter (humic acid, HA) on the arsenic removal efficiency and permeate flux were investigated. The arsenic rejection of ESNA- 1-LF was higher than those of the other membranes in all experiments (> 94%), and the HODRA-CORE membrane gave the lowest removal of arsenic (< 47%). An increase in the ion concentration in the feed solution and addition of HA decreased the arsenic rejection of the HODRA-CORE membrane. However, both increasing of the ion concentration and addition of HA made the rejection increased for the other membranes (ESNA-1-K1, NF270, and ESNA-1-LF). With increasing TMP, for all four NF membranes, increases in both arsenic rejection and permeate flux were observed. The permeate fluxes of the four NF membranes decreased to some extent after addition of HA to the solutions for operating time of 6 hr.     

嗜热子囊菌光孢变种β-葡萄糖苷酶的基因克隆、表达及酶学性质分析

从嗜热子囊菌光孢变种(Thermoascus aurantiacus var.levisporus)RNA中通过RT-PCR克隆出β-葡萄糖苷酶基因bgl Ⅰ的全长序列,cDNA序列为2 672 bp.Genbank登录号为EU269025,将该片段插入巴斯德毕赤酵母Pichia pastoris分泌型表达载体pPIC9K中,获得重组质粒pPIC9K/bgl,经线性化后用电穿孔法导入毕赤酵母GS115中,在醇氧化酶AOXI基因启动子作用下,获得高效表达β-葡萄糖苷酶的毕赤酵母工程菌株.经DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子层析纯化了该重组表达蛋白.SDS-PAGER测得该重组蛋白相对分子质量(M)约为120×103.经甲醇诱导,培养基中β-葡萄糖苷酶的活力可达1.2 U/mg,小规模发酵量达0.45 mg/mL.该酶的最适反应温度为60℃,最适反应pH为5.0.于70℃保温30 min仍保持80%的酶活力,具有较高的热稳定性,在pH 3.0～9.0的条件下酸碱耐受性强.图6表1参22     

齐齐哈尔市中心城区供热锅炉污染控制研究

分析了齐齐哈尔市中心城区供热锅炉存在的环境问题,结合国务院《大气污染防治行动计划》和即将发布的《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》,提出了供热锅炉污染控制措施。     

宁镇地区石炭二叠系界线

将宁镇地区上石炭统船山组Sphaeroschwagerina带与二叠系栖霞组底部碎屑岩段之间的灰黑,深灰色中至厚层石灰岩、炭质石灰岩单独划出,称之为镇江组(新义)。石炭二叠系界线放在船山组Sphaeroschwagerina带之顶,镇江组(新义)之底。     

镍镉电池废镉极板制备碳酸镉的研究

针对镍镉电池生产过程中产生的废泡沫式镉极板 ,提出了一条“溶解 萃取 沉淀”法生产碳酸镉的工艺路线。试验探讨了H2 SO4 溶解活性材料、P2 0 4 萃取Cd、H2 SO4 反萃Cd、Na2 CO3 沉淀Cd的条件     

氮和磷对铜山源水库优势藻生长影响实验研究

分别研究了N、P等对铜山源水库优势藻类（绿球藻和舟形硅藻）生长的影响。结果表明，当N／P比为25时，绿球藻生长量最高，其限制因子是磷。绿球藻生长最适pH范围为6－8，生长过程中培养基pH没有显著变化。绿球藻和舟形硅藻混合培养时，绿球藻占优，而硅盐浓度对硅藻生长有明显促进作用。     

Application of Bacillus subtilis strain for microbial-enhanced oil recovery

In order to improve the oil recovery, injection of exogenous bacteria into the oil reservoir is one of the most widely used microbial flooding methods. In this study, a screened strain of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) was introduced to perform the microbial flooding. The biosurfactants produced by B. subtilis was one kind of cyclic lipopeptides, which could reduce the surface tension of the culture solution from 68 mN/m to 25 mN/m and also decrease the interfacial tension of water/oil from 25.6 to 4.6 mN/m. Emulsification tests indicated that the strain and the biosurfactants could degrade and emulsify the crude oil. In the oil displacement experiments, oil recovery was increased by 32.4% by injecting fermentation broth into the simulated formation. By respectively performing the emulsification and oil displacement tests, it was demonstrated that the biosurfactants and degradation of the microbes in the heavy components of the crude oil are the main factors to enhance the oil recovery. Besides, the optimal cultural temperature for strain of B. subtilis was set as 40°C. Nevertheless, the strain was inappropriate for the oil displacement under acidic conditions. In addition, the hydrophilic sands and an optimal culture solution volume of 0.7 pore volume (PV) would be in favor of the oil recovery. It was further confirmed that the efficiency of microbial flooding was much higher than that of the chemical oil displacement.