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861.
超声波净化石油污染土壤实验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为研究超声波技术处理石油污染土壤的影响因素,选取了土壤含油量、土水比、土壤类型、超声处理时间和超声功率5个因素进行了具有交互作用的正交实验,并讨论了各因素对土壤中石油污染物清除率的影响。实验结果表明超声波对土壤中石油污染物的净化效果明显,总石油烃(TPH)的清除率在23.0%到77.3%之间,土壤类型对净化效果的影响最为显著,粘土中的TPH清除率显著低于砂土。由超声空化引起的解吸作用和真空抽滤是实验过程中土壤TPH减少的主要途径。研究结果表明超声波技术用于石油污染土壤修复是可行并且有效果的。 相似文献
862.
活性炭纤维载体生物膜法处理洗车废水研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
为了实现洗车废水的循环使用,进行了以聚丙烯腈基活性炭纤维(PAN-ACF)为生物膜载体处理洗车废水的实验研究。以LAS、COD和NH3-N等指标考察了活性炭纤维生物膜反应器对洗车废水的处理效果。结果表明:在常温下、pH=6.5~7,当进水流量在30 mL/min时,反应器达到最佳运行参数,活性炭纤维载体生物膜法对LAS、COD和NH3-N等的去除率分别达到了97%、80%和60%。出水水质完全达到《生活杂用水水质标准》(CJ/T48-99)中洗车用水主要水质指标的规定。此外,实验表明PAN-ACF作为生物膜载体具有很好的生物亲和性和再生性。 相似文献
863.
864.
Wang Xiaolong Han Jingyi Zhang Qi 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(5):1513-1520
To delineate the character of contaminations in the Grand Canal, China, a three-year study (2004-2006) was conducted to investigate variations the water quality in the canal. Results showed that the variation of water quality within the Grand Canal was of there is remarkable spatial and seasonal heterogeneity regarding water quality within the Canal. Values of contaminants in dry-season were obviously higher than those in wet-season. Sites influenced strongly by industry and urbanization showed higher contents of nutrients and lower levels of dissolved oxygen in water body; moreover these sites were severely polluted by dissolved metals with the contents of cadmium, chromium and copper exceeding the Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC), US EPA. Multivariate statistical analysis suggested nutrient and dissolved metals pollution was the dominant environmental problems within the Canal. Anthropogenic influences played a dominant role in the character of contaminations in the Grand Canal. 相似文献
865.
设计了异波折板水解酸化-A2O一体化反应器,进行生活污水处理的实验研究。10个月的实验结果表明,系统的最佳水力停留时间(HRT)为8 h时,最适COD进水浓度为240-100mg/L,最佳混合液回流比(r)-污泥回流比(R)为250%-100%。控制反应器于以上运行参数下,25±2℃所对应的COD、TN和TP去除率分别为96.84%、67.55%和81.92%。当温度降至7℃时,其COD、TP和TN分别降至86.35%、50.25%和65.68%。基于实验分析结果,阐明了一体化反应器高效性的机理在于异波折板水解酸化段具有高效传质特性和A2O段具有复合式活性污泥-接触氧化好氧池的特点。 相似文献
866.
867.
Jung-Geun Han Jong-Young Lee Ki-Kwon Hong Jai-Young Lee Young-Woong Kim Sun-Mi Hong 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2010,12(3):227-234
The aim of the present study was to analytically provide adsorption characteristics of Cu2+ and Zn2+ using carbonized food waste (CFW); more specifically, batch tests were conducted using various concentrations of metal ions, contact times, and initial pH levels in an attempt to understand the adsorption removal of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution at concentrations ranging between 50 and 800 mg/l. The results confirmed that the adsorption equilibrium was established within a maximum of 80 min, and the maximum concentrations for adsorption of Cu2+ and Zn2+ were 28.3 and 23.5 mg/g, respectively. These adsorption levels indicate that CFW has better performance than many other adsorbents. In experiments using different pH conditions, the applicability to acid wastewater was found to be high, and an excellent adsorption removal ratio of 75%–90% was observed under acid conditions at pH 2–4. Furthermore, as the adsorption time increased, the calcium component in the CFW began to leach into the aqueous solution and raise the pH, accordingly causing the removal of heavy metal ions partially as a result of precipitation. When our results were analyzed using the Langmuir model and the Freundlich model for isothermal adsorptivity, the activity of CFW in this study was shown to be more consistent with the former; the adsorption speed of Cu2+ and Zn2+ according to a pseudosecond-order reaction model was found to be very fast for an initial concentration of not more than 100 mg/l. In a test in which an attempt was made to compare adsorption capacity values obtained from the experiments in this study with the aforementioned three models, the pseudosecond-order reaction model was found to provide results closest to the actual values. 相似文献
868.
Rheological and Thermal Properties of the PLA Modified by Electron Beam Irradiation in the Presence of Functional Monomer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Boo Young Shin Do Hung Han Ramani Narayan 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2010,18(4):558-566
Polylactic acid (PLA) has been modified by electron beam radiation in the presence of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) to enhance
the melt strength of PLA. The modified PLA was prepared by varying both the amount of GMA and the irradiation dose and was
characterized by observing the thermal properties, the melt viscoelastic properties and the gel fraction. For comparison,
virgin PLA was also irradiated. All irradiated virgin PLA had a lower complex viscosity and a storage modulus compared to
virgin PLA due to irradiation-induced chain scission. However, these properties were remarkably improved due to formation
of long chain branching and retarding chain scission if GMA was introduced in this system. The increase in melt viscoelastic
property was much dependent on the irradiation dose. At optimum doses of radiation, it showed maximum complex viscosity and
storage modulus. The PLA irradiated with 20 kGy in the presence of 3 phr GMA showed a complex viscosity of about 10 times
higher and a storage modulus of 100 times higher than those of virgin PLA at 0.1 rad/s. Gel fraction measurement revealed
that chain scission and branching was more dominant than crosslinking. The biodegradability of irradiated PLA was slightly
decreased by the presence of GMA. 相似文献
869.
870.
Vincent Wai Tsun Li Mei Po Mirabelle Tsui Xueping Chen Michelle Nga Yu Hui Ling Jin Raymond H. W. Lam Richard Man Kit Yu Margaret B. Murphy Jinping Cheng Paul Kwan Sing Lam Shuk Han Cheng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(9):8275-8285
The negative effects of overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in humans, including sunburn and light-induced cellular injury, are of increasing public concern. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), an organic chemical UV filter, is an active ingredient in sunscreen products. To date, little information is available about its neurotoxicity during early vertebrate development. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to various concentrations of 4-MBC in embryo medium for 3 days. In this study, a high concentration of 4-MBC, which is not being expected at the current environmental concentrations in the environment, was used for the purpose of phenotypic screening. Embryos exposed to 15 μM of 4-MBC displayed abnormal axial curvature and exhibited impaired motility. Exposure effects were found to be greatest during the segmentation period, when somite formation and innervation occur. Immunostaining of the muscle and axon markers F59, znp1, and zn5 revealed that 4-MBC exposure leads to a disorganized pattern of slow muscle fibers and axon pathfinding errors during the innervation of both primary and secondary motor neurons. Our results also showed reduction in AChE activity upon 4-MBC exposure both in vivo in the embryos (15 μM) and in vitro in mammalian Neuro-2A cells (0.1 μM), providing a possible mechanism for 4-MBC-induced muscular and neuronal defects. Taken together, our results have shown that 4-MBC is a teratogen and influences muscular and neuronal development, which may result in developmental defects. 相似文献