钴在土壤和植物系统中的迁移转化行为及其毒性

钴是人与动植物必需的微量元素,但土壤环境中过量的钴可通过土壤-粮食/蔬菜-人与动物等途径进入人体或动植物体内,对其产生危害,因此有必要了解土壤中钴的含量,应该将钴纳入必须检测与掌控的指标。然而,我国目前对于土壤中钴的含量却没有一个明确的评价体系,致使无法有效地对土壤中钴的含量进行评价和管控,从而给土壤以及人和动植物的健康都带来一定的风险。本文通过整理近20多年的国内外文献资料,综述了钴的特点、应用、形态、含量、毒性、评估方法,指出了现行对土壤中钴污染风险评估体系中存在的问题,并提出了今后的研究方向。     

内蒙古“十二五”规划中重点产业及区域发展水污染负荷环境压力评估

“十二五”内蒙城镇化率的提高,使得城镇生活点源COD和氨氮负荷产生量有较高增长.“十一五”期间内蒙城镇生活污水COD和氨氮的去除率较低,为实现十二五减排目标的完成,需大幅提高城镇污水处理厂处理能力,实现盟市污水处理厂收集处理率达到90％.此外城镇污水处理厂COD和氨氮的去除率,分别至少达到80％和45％以上.这样才能够满足重点产业发展增排的COD和氨氮的同时,实现十二五总量目标的实现.     

Heavy metal poisoning resistance of a Co-modified 3Mn10Fe/Ni low-temperature SCR deNOx catalyst

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Heavy metals have a great influence on the deNOx efficiency of catalysts. The 3Mn10Fe/Ni catalyst that used nickel foam (Ni) as the carrier, Mn and Fe...     

内蒙古生物质热电联产的效益研究

本文从生物质热电联产的必要性作为切入点,从经济、社会、生态效益三个方面分析了内蒙古发展生物质能热电联产的综合效益.     

Fate and risk assessment of emerging contaminants in reclaimed water production processes

• PPCPs had the highest removal efficiency in A²O combined with MBR process (86.8%). • ARGs and OPFRs were challenging to remove (6.50% and 31.0%, respectively). • Octocrylene and tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate posed high risks to aquatic organisms. • Meta-analysis was used to compare the ECs removal in wastewater treatment. • Membrane treatment technology is the most promising treatment for ECs removal. Reclaimed water has been widely applied in irrigation and industrial production. Revealing the behavior of emerging contaminants in the production process of reclaimed water is the first prerequisite for developing relevant water quality standards. This study investigated 43 emerging contaminants, including 22 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), 11 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), and 10 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in 3 reclaimed wastewater treatment plants (RWTPs) in Beijing. The composition profiles and removal efficiencies of these contaminants in RWTPs were determined. The results indicated that the distribution characteristics of the different types of contaminants in the three RWTPs were similar. Caffeine, sul2 and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate were the dominant substances in the wastewater, and their highest concentrations were 27104 ng/L, 1.4 × 10⁷ copies/mL and 262 ng/L, respectively. Ofloxacin and sul2 were observed to be the dominant substances in the sludge, and their highest concentrations were 5419 ng/g and 3.7 × 10⁸ copies/g, respectively. Anaerobic/anoxic/oxic system combined with the membrane bioreactor process achieved a relatively high aqueous removal of PPCPs (87%). ARGs and OPFRs were challenging to remove, with average removal rates of 6.5% and 31%, respectively. Quantitative meta-analysis indicated that tertiary treatment processes performed better in emerging contaminant removal than secondary processes. Diethyltoluamide exhibited the highest mass load discharge, with 33.5 mg/d per 1000 inhabitants. Octocrylene and tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate posed high risks (risk quotient>1.0) to aquatic organisms. This study provides essential evidence to screen high priority pollutants and develop corresponding standard in RWTPs.     

煤炭资源型城市生态环境保护与可持续发展对策探讨

煤炭资源型城市面临最大环境问题是矿山企业环境破坏,现从鹤岗市矿山企业开采的实际问题出发,立足我国煤炭资源型城市生态环境治理发展方向,对矿山企业给人们的生产和生活带来的严重影响,进行深入的探讨和研究,并在此基础上提出了解决煤炭资源型城市生态保护与可持续发展的必要性和对策探讨.     

自动净化-高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱测定废气中二(口恶)英

采用自动净化-高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱(HRGC/HRMS)测定废气中的17种2,3,7,8位取代的多氯代二噁英和呋喃(PCDD/Fs)。废气样品经索氏提取,DEXTech系统全自动净化,浓缩和定容后,以HRGC/HRMS对废气样品中的PCDD/Fs进行了定性和定量分析。结果表明,17种二噁英和呋喃采样内标平均回收率为93%~99%,提取内标平均回收率为80%~97%;17种二噁英和呋喃自动净化实测结果与手工净化测试结果基本一致。该方法不但满足相关国家标准要求,还极大提高了样品的净化速度,减少人体对有机试剂的暴露。     

PANI/Bi_2MoO_6复合光催化剂的制备、表征及其可见光催化性能

采用原位氧化聚合法制备了PANI/Bi_2MoO_6复合光催化剂,采用XRD、SEM、PL和UV-Vis DRS等技术对其进行了表征,并将其用于罗丹明B(Rh B)的可见光催化降解。表征结果显示:聚苯胺(PANI)包覆于Bi_2MoO_6微球表面,促进了光生载流子的迁移,抑制了光生电子-空穴对的复合,拓宽了催化剂的可见光响应范围。实验结果表明:PANI/Bi_2MoO_6复合光催化剂具有较高的可见光催化活性和良好的稳定性,当w(PANI)为36%、光照90 min时Rh B去除率达90.4%,明显优于纯Bi_2MoO_6;该体系中,空穴和·O2-在污染物的降解过程中起主要作用;PANI和Bi_2MoO_6之间形成了异质结结构,使光生电子-空穴对有效分离。     

极水室填充树脂对电去离子过程浓缩低浓度NiSO_4溶液的影响

以低浓度NiSO4溶液为处理对象,考察了极水室树脂填充对EDI膜堆电阻、极限电流以及电极水pH的影响情况,并对EDI分离性能进行了考察。结果表明,实验条件下,极水室填充树脂后膜堆的极限电压由6 V提高到10 V,对应的极限电流从0.213 A提高到0.421 A。对于含Ni2＋离子50 mg/L的NiSO4溶液,EDI浓缩产品水Ni2＋浓度达到14 224mg/L,浓缩倍数280倍;淡水出水中Ni2＋浓度为3.45 mg/L,Ni2＋脱除率为93%。实验范围内,EDI运行稳定,未产生Ni（OH）2结垢。     

极水室填充树脂对电去离子过程浓缩低浓度NiSO4溶液的影响

以低浓度NiSO4溶液为处理对象,考察了极水室树脂填充对EDI膜堆电阻、极限电流以及电极水pH的影响情况,并对EDI分离性能进行了考察。结果表明,实验条件下,极水室填充树脂后膜堆的极限电压由6 V提高到10 V,对应的极限电流从0.213 A提高到0.421 A。对于含Ni2+离子50 mg/L的NiSO4溶液,EDI浓缩产品水Ni2+浓度达到14 224mg/L,浓缩倍数280倍;淡水出水中Ni2+浓度为3.45 mg/L,Ni2+脱除率为93%。实验范围内,EDI运行稳定,未产生Ni(OH)2结垢。