东太湖沼泽化发展趋势及驱动因素分析

东太湖沼泽化呈加速发展的趋势：无沼泽化湖区面积显著减少，由１９５９年的９０％降至２４．９％；沼泽化综合指数由１９５９年的１．４７增加到２．４１，这与近４０为湖区人类活动强度增强有关：沿湖合理的池塘养殖可以延缓局部湖区的沼泽化进程‘；但外来污染、围垦、滥各挺水水生植物以及网围养殖的过度发展等显著地促进了沼泽化的发展。     

危险品仓库静电隐患的测量、评估与防护包装容器及材料的合理选配与放置

阐述了危险品仓库中货物包装容器和包装材料的属性特点,讨论了合理选配和放置物品的必要性,分析了不同货物包装容器和包装材料静电起电的原理,给出了危险品仓库中货物管理工作的一些建议.     

优化多孔蜂窝状硅镁胶的制备及其对弱酸性红的吸附性能

为了研究开发经济、高吸附量、可再生的吸附剂,以Na₂SiO₃、MgCl₂为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出一系列优化蜂窝状硅镁胶,并分析制备硅镁胶的最佳焙烧条件,采用热重分析(TG)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、比表面及孔隙度分析、电镜扫描(SEM)等手段对硅镁胶进行结构表征和性质测定,研究硅镁胶对印染废水中弱酸性红的吸附行为. 结果表明:经500 ℃焙烧4 h后镁硅配比〔n(Mg2+)∶n(SO2-₃)〕为3∶1的硅镁胶对弱酸性红具有最好的吸附效果,硅镁胶对弱酸性红的吸附符合Langmuir模型,吸附过程符合伪二级动力学模型,在吸附温度为25 ℃、投加量为0.5 g/L、ρ(弱酸性红)初始值为200 mg/L时,硅镁胶对弱酸性红的饱和吸附量可达到199.51 mg/g,脱除率达到99.34%;经过5次再生之后对弱酸性红依然具有较高的吸附量,可达到192.12 mg/g,脱除率为95.60%. 研究显示,以Na₂SiO₃、MgCl₂为原料制备的优化多孔蜂窝状硅镁胶对弱酸性红具备良好的吸附性能,并且具有较好的再生能力,是一种廉价高效的吸附材料.      

电子行业静电接地系统的监测与保护

分析了目前电子行业静电防护的必要性,及当前静电防护体系的现状和不足,讨论了对静电接地系统进行监测和保护的意义,提出几种实用的监测和保护电路的设计方法.     

多功能静电瞬态电位测试系统

针对动态摩擦作业过程中静电瞬态电位难以测试的情况,设计了多功能静电瞬态电位测试系统.该系统通过模拟室再现各种摩擦状况及环境状况,硬件电路保证信号的实时采集,专用软件解决数据显示和存储的问题.     

梯级河滩湿地模型对受污染河水氮磷和CODCr的净化效果

在贾鲁河畔构建3组并联的梯级河滩湿地模型,引种9种不同类型的湿地植物进行筛选试验,将湿地模型串联运行比较研究3种不同植物配置的梯级湿地对受污染河水的净化效果,在此基础上设定12h和24h等两组不同水力滞留时间,研究延长滞留时间对水质净化效果的影响。试验结果表明：对氮磷和有机物的去除效果挺水植物明显好于沉水植物,其中茭草（Zizania caduciflora）、荆三棱（Scirpus fluviatilis）和狭叶香蒲（Typha angustifolia）去除效果最好;沉水植物和挺水植物对氨氮的去除表现好于浮叶植物;延长水力滞留时间对改善水质净化效果明显,滞留时间由12h延长到24h后,TN、TP、氨氮和CODCr去除率分别提高10.2%、21.7%、30.2%和12.9%,对氨氮的净化效果改善最为明显;挺水植物＋沉水植物＋浮叶植物组合较单纯挺水植物组合在对氨氮和TN去除效果方面表现出较明显的优势,主要是由于不同类型湿地植物所营造的好氧、厌氧环境提高了对氨氮和TN去除效果。研究结果证明在湿地植被组建中,根据进水水质,应灵活选择植物种类,进行合理的植物配置,可提高湿地的净化效果。     

Photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO_2 to methanol over a photosystem Ⅱ-enhanced Cu foam/Si-nanowire system

A solar-light double illumination photoelectrocatalytic cell(SLDIPEC) was fabricated for autonomous CO_2 reduction and O_2 evolution with the aid of photosystem II(PS-II, an efficient light-driven water-oxidized enzyme from nature) and utilized in a photoanode solution. The proposed SLPEC system was composed of Cu foam as the photoanode and p-Si nanowires(Si-NW) as the photocathode. Under solar irradiation, it exhibited a super-photoelectrocatalytic performance for CO_2 conversion to methanol, with a high evolution rate(41.94 mmol/hr), owing to fast electron transfer from PS-II to Cu foam.Electrons were subsequently trapped by Si-NW through an external circuit via bias voltage(0.5 V), and a suitable conduction band potential of Si(-0.6 e V) allowed CO_2 to be easily reduced to CH_3 OH at the photocathode. The constructed Z-scheme between Cu foam and Si-NW can allow the SLDIPEC system to reduce CO_2(8.03 mmol/hr) in the absence of bias voltage. This approach makes full use of the energy band mismatch of the photoanode and photocathode to design a highly efficient device for solving environmental issues and producing clean energy.     

胶州湾海域水质现状评价

通过对2009年胶州湾监测数据的分析,采用单因子指数法,对胶州湾海域水质现状进行了评价。结果表明2009年10月份胶州湾海域,一类和二类水质面积占胶州湾总水域面积的60.0%,劣四类水质面积占10.0%,胶州湾现状水质定性结论为一般。各点位各有机监测项目均为未检出,说明胶州湾内尚未产生有机污染。胶州湾内石油类的浓度范围为1.8 23 ug/L,各测点均达到国家海水水质一类标准的要求。胶州湾内重金属未出现超标现象。     

Enhanced reductive degradation of carbon tetrachloride by carbon dioxide radical anion-based sodium percarbonate/Fe(II)/formic acid system in aqueous solution

Complete CT degradation was achieved by SPC/Fe(II)/FA system.Formic acid established the reductive circumstance by producing CO₂·^–.CO₂·^– was the dominant active species responsible for CT degradation.CT degradation was favorable in the pH range from 3.0 to 9.0.SPC/Fe(II)/FA system may be suitable for CT remediation in contaminated groundwater.The performance of sodium percarbonate (SPC) activated with ferrous ion (Fe(II)) with the addition of formic acid (FA) to stimulate the degradation of carbon tetrachloride (CT) was investigated. Results showed that CT could be entirely reduced within 15 min in the system at a variety of SPC/Fe(II)/FA/CT molar ratios in experimental level. Scavenging tests indicated that carbon dioxide radical anion (CO2·^–) was the dominant reactive oxygen species responsible for CT degradation. CT degradation rate, to a large extent, increased with increasing dosages of chemical agents and the optimal molar ratio of SPC/Fe(II)/FA/CT was set as 60/60/60/1. The initial concentration of CT can hardly affect the CT removal, while CT degradation was favorable in the pH range of 3.0–9.0, but apparently inhibited at pH 12. Cl^– and HCO₃^– of high concentration showed negative impact on CT removal. Cl^– released from CT was detected and the results confirmed nearly complete mineralization of CT. CT degradation was proposed by reductive C-Cl bond splitting. This study demonstrated that SPC activated with Fe(II) with the addition of FA may be promising technique for CT remediation in contaminated groundwater.