石杉碱戊和石杉碱己的结构

在石杉［Ｈｕｐｅｒｚｉａｓｅｒｒａｔａ（Ｔｈｕｎｂ．）Ｔｒｅｖ．］中分得了命名为石杉碱成素和已素的２个新生物碱，并用２Ｄ－ＮＭＲ和ＭＳ测定了它们的化学结构．     

物元模型及其在区域水环境质量评价中的应用

将灰色关联聚类法引入评价指标权重的确定，在物元分析的基础上，建立了基于聚类权重的区域水环境质量综合评价物元模型。通过实例分析将该模型与其它评价方法进行比较。结果显示，该模型弥补了模糊综合评判法、灰色聚类法的不足，评价结果合理，信息利用率高。     

Exploiting pattern and sustainable development of marginal lands in the Three Gorge Reservoir Areas

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＭａｒｇｉｎａｌｌａｎｄｓ,ｗｈｉｃｈｉｓａｋｉｎｄｏｆｅｃｏｔｏｎｅ,ｍｅａｎｓｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎａｌｚｏｎｅｏｆｔｗｏｏｒｍｏｒｅｈｅｔｅｒｏｇｅｎｅｏｕｓｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ(Ｗｕ,1998).Ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓａｍｏｎｇｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｆａｃｔｏｒｓｏｒｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｉｎｔｈｉｓｚｏｎｅｃａｎｃａｕｓｅｇｒｅａｔｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｉｎｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓａｎｄｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓ(ｓｕｃｈａｓｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎｔｙｐｅ,ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｄｅｎｓｉ…     

国内自由锻CAPP技术

综述了国内自由锻CAPP技术开发与应用情况,归纳了其不同发展阶段主要功能及技术特征,并展望了其发展和应用前景。     

垃圾焚烧过程中二恶英污染的控制技术

概述了城市生活垃圾焚烧厂中二恶英的污染概况、形成机制和排放标准;从焚烧过程中二恶英的控制和焚烧后烟气中二恶英的控制两方面综述了垃圾焚烧过程中二恶英污染的控制技术;并展望了未来二恶英控制技术的发展方向。     

Individual particle analysis of aerosols collected at Lhasa City in the Tibetan Plateau

To understand the composition and major sources of aerosol particles in Lhasa City on the Tibetan Plateau(TP), individual particles were collected from 2 February to 8 March, 2013 in Tibet University. The mean concentrations of both PM2.5and PM10 during the sampling were25.7 ± 21.7 and 57.2 ± 46.7 μg/m3, respectively, much lower than those of other cities in East and South Asia, but higher than those in the remote region in TP like Nam Co, indicating minor urban pollution. Combining the observations with the meteorological parameters and back trajectory analysis, it was concluded that local sources controlled the pollution during the sampling. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) combined with energydispersive X-ray spectra(EDS) was used to study 408 particles sampled on four days. Based on the EDS analysis, a total of 8 different particle categories were classified for all 408 particles, including Si-rich, Ca-rich, soot, K-rich, Fe-rich, Pb-rich, Al-rich and other particles.The dominant elements were Si, Al and Ca, which were mainly attributed to mineral dust in the earth's crust such as feldspar and clay. Fe-, Pb-, K-, Al-rich particles and soot mainly originated from anthropogenic sources like firework combustion and biomass burning during the sampling. During the sampling, the pollution mainly came from mineral dust,while the celebration ceremony and religious ritual produced a large quantity of anthropogenic metal-bearing particles on 9 and 25 February 2013. Cement particles also had a minor influence. The data obtained in this study can be useful for developing pollution control strategies.     

Occurrence, partition behavior, source and ecological risk assessment of nitro-PAHs in the sediment and water of Taige Canal, China

Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) are widespread organic pollutants that possess carcinogenic and mutagenic properties, so they may pose a risk to the environment and human health. In this study, the concentrations of 15 NPAHs and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 30 surface water samples and 26 sediment samples were measured in 2018 from the Taige Canal, one of the main rivers flowing into Taihu Lake, China. The total NPAH concentrations in water and sediment ranged from 14.7 to 235 ng/L and 22.9 to 96.5 ng/g dw, respectively. 9-nitrophenanthrene (nd–76.3 ng/L) was the dominant compound in surface water, while 2+3-nitrofluoranthene (1.73–18.1 ng/g dw) dominated in sediment. Among PAHs, concentration ranging from 1,097 to 2,981 ng/L and 1,089 to 4,489 ng/g dw in surface water and sediment, respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between the log octanol-water partition coefficient (K_ow) and log sediment-water partition coefficient due to hydrophobic interaction. The fugacity fraction value increased with the decrease of log K_ow, and chrysene was transferred from water into sediment. The residual NPAHs in surface water and sediment of the Taige Canal have partial correlation. Diesel engine and coal combustion emissions were probably the principal sources of NPAHs in surface water and sediment. The results of ecological risk assessment showed that some NPAHs in water (e.g, 1-nitropyrene and 6-nitrochrysene) and sediment (e.g., 2-nitrobiphenyl, 5-nitroacenaphthene, 9-nitrophenanthrene and 2+3-nitrofluoranthene) had moderate ecological risks, which should be of concern.