基于近红外光谱法的废水COD、BOD5、pH的快速测量

收集了城市生活污水处理厂和养殖废水200个样品,以4cm-1的分辨率,分别用2mm和10mm样品池,用透射法采集800～2500 nm谱区的光谱数据,采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)回归建立了废水的生化需氧量(BOD5)、化学需氧量(COD)和pH的预测模型.该模型的BOD5、COD和pH的预测值与参考值的校正相关系数分别为0.763、0.975、0.966,校正标准误差分别为27.7 mg·L-1、19.9 mg·L-1、0.165,预测相关系数分别为0.6939、0.945、0.927,预测标准误差分别为37.9 mg·L-1、29.4 mg·L-1、0.208.实验结果表明,近红外光谱技术可成为特定废水多指标快速检测的新手段.     

Isolation, identification and characterization of an algicidal bacterium from Lake Taihu and preliminary studies on its algicidal compounds

In an effort to identify a bio-agent capable of controlling cyanobacterial blooms, we isolated a bacterial strain, A27, which exhibited strong algicidal activity against the dominant bloom-forming species of Microcystis aeruginosa in Lake Taihu. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this strain belongs to the genus Exiguobacterium. This is the first report of an algicidal bacterial strain belonging to the genus Exiguobacterium. Strain A27 exhibited algicidal activity against a broad range of cyanobacteria, but elicited little or no algicidal activity against the two green algal strains tested. The algicidal activity of strain A27 was shown to be dependent on the density of the bacteria and to have a threshold density of 1.5× 10⁶ CFU/mL. Our data also showed that the algicidal activity of strain A27 depended on different growth stages of Microcystis aeruginosa (exponential ≈ lag phase > early stationary) rather than that of the bacterium itself. Our results also suggested the algicidal activity of strain A27 occurred via the production of extracellular algicidal compounds. Investigation of the algicidal compounds revealed that there were at least two different algicidal compounds produced by strain A27. These results indicated that strain A27 has great potential for use in the control of outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Taihu.