不同氮、磷质量浓度下四尾栅藻的生长研究

在不同氮（N）、磷（P）初始质量浓度的培养液中对四尾栅藻（Scenedesmus quadricauda）进行培养。利用Monod方程分别计算四尾栅藻对总氮、总磷的半饱和常数（Ks）。结果表明：当氮质量浓度大于4.0 mg.L-1,磷质量浓度大于0.20 mg.L-1时能满足四尾栅藻的正常生长。四尾栅藻最适生长的氮质量浓度范围为16.0-32.0 mg.L-1,磷质量浓度范围为2.0-5.40 mg.L-1。以磷为限制底物时的半饱和常数KsP远远小于以氮为限制底物时的半饱和常数KsN（KsN〉KsP）,说明四尾栅藻对磷的亲和性高于氮。与四尾栅藻最大现存量（X）呈高度线性相关时的总氮质量浓度范围为0.50-32.0 mg.L-1,总磷质量浓度范围为0.02-1.0 mg.L-1。四尾栅藻特定增长率（μ）连续增加的总氮质量浓度范围为0.50-4.0 mg.L-1,总磷质量浓度范围为0.02-0.20 mg.L-1。     

微氧条件下以甲烷为碳源的反硝化实验研究

为探清微氧条件下以甲烷为碳源的反硝化是甲烷好氧氧化偶联反硝化(AME-D),还是甲烷厌氧氧化偶联反硝化(ANME-D),本研究以污水处理厂厌氧污泥为接种物,在微氧条件下以甲烷为碳源进行硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐反硝化的富集培养,考察硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的反硝化速率,并对富集培养物的微生物群落和甲烷单加氧酶功能基因进行分析.结果表明:微氧条件下硝氮/亚硝氮的还原主要以AME-D过程为主,稳定阶段硝氮和亚硝氮的平均去除速率分别为3.69 mg·L~(-1)·d~(-1)(以N计)和18.04 mg·L~(-1)·d~(-1)(以N计),富集培养物中的优势微生物为甲基球菌科(Methylococcaceae)中的甲基单胞菌属(Methylomonas),相对含量为21.86%.     

清洁生产审核在酿造企业的应用

清洁生产审核是实施清洁生产的重要前提,也是企业实现清洁生产最成熟最有效的手段。在对桌酿造企业进行清洁生产审核中,针对行业特点,结合企业自身情况,提出并实施无／低费方案17项,中／高费方案3项。可节电1058kwh／a,节水2．26万t／a,减少废水排放2．26万t／a,减少固废（损失原料）排放45t／a,制曲室空气质量明显改善,产生效益39．4652万元／a。该企业在实现了降低单住产品（食醋）水耗和酱油原料损失率的同时,也实现了经济、环境和社会效益的统一,为酿造企业今后的清洁生产审核积累了经验。     

建设全国性碳排放交易中心发展CDM项目

清洁发展机制（CDM）是《京都议定书》提出的在全球范围内实施温室气体减排的重要机制,是发达国家与发展中国家基于项目的合作形式,是一种“双赢”政策。文章首先简述了清洁发展机制及与碳交易市场的情况,接着论述了清洁发展机制在中国的发展,提出建设全国的碳排放交易中心及意义,从而促进CDM在中国的发展。     

川东北地区天然气勘探清洁生产技术措施分析

对川东北地区天然气勘探过程中的几项清洁生产技术措施进行了初步的分析,确定在取得良好的经济效益的同时,实现勘探过程中废弃物"减量化、无害化、资源化"的清洁生产目标,降低了勘探过程中的环境风险,同时也产生了良好的社会效益。     

简易生活垃圾填埋场温室气体的排放研究

采用静态箱/气相色谱法对一座典型简易生活垃圾填埋场的CH4、N2O和CO2释放通量进行了为期1a的监测,讨论了相关影响因素和通量的季节变化。研究发现:该填埋场CH4、N2O和CO2年平均释放通量分别为(43.93±129.99)mgC/(m2·h)、(622.68±1215.54)μgN/(m2·h)和(132.57±158.90)mgC/(m2·h),即19.64kgCO2-eq/(m2·a)。CH4和N2O占温室气体年排放总量的比例分别为65.31%和13.01%,而在夏季和秋季N2O可占到当季温室气体排放量的20.23%和27.30%。统计分析显示:CO2释放通量与CH4(p0.01)和N2O释放通量(p0.05)显著正相关;N2O释放通量与气温显著正相关(p0.05);CH4和CO2释放通量呈现一定的季节差异,而N2O释放通量四季无显著差异。     

Biomass ash pyrolyzed from municipal sludge and its adsorption performance toward tetracycline: effect of pyrolysis temperature and KOH activation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Large amount of municipal sludge is difficult to handle; its resource utilization is an effective measure. In this study, the municipal sludge from...     

硬脂酸粉着火敏感性影响因素及惰化研究*

为预防和减轻硬脂酸粉加工、储存和运输过程中的燃爆危害,采用Godbert-Greenwald恒温炉分别研究质量浓度、分散压力、惰性粉体质量分数对硬脂酸粉尘云最低着火温度的影响规律。研究结果表明:硬脂酸粉尘云的最低着火温度随质量浓度和分散压力的增加先减小后增大,当质量浓度和分散压力分别为485.4 g/m3,15 kPa时,硬脂酸粉尘云最低着火温度达到最小;添加少量惰性粉体增大了硬脂酸粉尘云分散性,对硬脂酸粉尘云最低着火温度的降低起到促进作用;随惰性粉体质量分数的增加,硬脂酸粉尘云最低着火温度先迅速增大后增速变缓;SiO2通过物理作用抑制硬脂酸粉尘云燃烧,Al(OH)3除物理作用外还通过化学分解参与自由基碰撞,可有效提升硬脂酸粉尘云的最低着火温度。     

Long-term stability and risk assessment of copper and cadmium in a smelter-impacted soil treated by four amendments

In an effort to address public concerns of the long-term stability and ecological risk reduction of Cu and Cd in a farmland located at the Guixi, Jiangxi Province, China, containing ～ 800?mg?kg^?1 Cu and 0.8?mg?kg^?1 Cd soil, were treated in situ by attapulgite, apatite, montmorillonite and lime at the rate: 10, 10, 10 and 4?g?kg^?1 soil, respectively. Field experiment consisted of 2?×?3-m plots arranged in a randomised complete block design with each treatment. Soil and plant samples were collected in sixth years post-treatments and analysed for Cu and Cd bioaccessibility, chemical fraction and Cu, Cd concentration in plant tissue. The results indicated that the apatite and lime treatments significantly reduced bioaccessible and exchangeable fractions Cu and Cd in the soil at sixth years post the treatments. Cu and Cd concentration in plant tissue was positively related to the bioaccessibility of Cu and Cd. The treatment used 10?g apatite kg^?1 soil appeared to be most effective for overall risk reduction. The Cu and Cd stabilisation and risk reduction by the apatite treatments were accomplished by the induced transformation of labile Cu and Cu species to relatively insoluble forms. This study illustrated that in situ Cu and Cd stabilisation by apatite would be long-term and ecologically safe, which could safeguard human health and ecosystem from Cu and Cd contamination in mining areas.     

Association between human coronaviruses’ epidemic and environmental factors on a global scale

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Environmental factors could influence the epidemic of virus in human; however, the association remains intricate, and the evidence is still not clear...