城市生活垃圾管理及资源化

随着社会经济的发展和城市化进程加快，城市生活垃圾的产生量急剧增加。大中城市人均日垃圾产生量约1Kg，井以每年8％．10％的速度增长。至2005年底，生活垃圾清运量1．52亿t，垃圾的集中处理率约为51％。因此城市生活垃圾的处理问题．已成为城市环境保护一个需要迫切解决问题。解决中国城市生活垃圾问题的根本办法。一是建立有效的、环境友好型的城市生活垃圾管理体系，二是实现生活垃圾的资源化。建立有效的环境友好型的生活垃圾管理体系是解决城市生活垃圾问题的基础；生活垃圾的资源化是降低生活垃圾无害化成本，节约资源的根本出路。     

Wax of a whitefly and its utilization by a chrysopid larva

Defense Mechanisms of Arthropods, no. 96; no. 95: Eisner et al.: Chemoecology (in press)     

珠江澳门河口悬浮细颗粒泥沙的界面化学研究

采用胶体界面化学研究手段，着重研究水体悬浮细颗粒泥沙ξ电位和ｐＨ值、盐度、污水排放等影响因素的关系。微量有机物的加入可以改变细颗粒泥沙的ξ电位，水体ＣＯＤＭｎ大于５ｍｇ／ｌ时，使得细颗粒泥沙稳定而不易沉降。     

镉、汞、铅在体内对氨基酸掺入微粒体的特异性抑制作用

本实验采用DL-(~3H)-亮氨酸作为蛋白质合成的原料,从亚细胞水平观察镉、汞、铅在动物体内对肝脏各亚细胞组分蛋白合成的影响。实验结果表明,给雄性大鼠腹腔一次注入2.4mg/kg醋酸镉后72h和一次注给2.0mg/kg氯化汞或100mg/kg醋酸铅后24h,均可不同程度地抑制DL-(~3H)-亮氨酸掺入微粒体蛋白,而对其它组分包括细胞核、线粒体、去微粒体后上清液蛋白中DL-(~3H)-亮氨酸的掺入无明显影响。     

处理废弃轮胎的一种有效方法——轮胎加筋土结构

废胎占用大量空间 ,且会产生诸多环境问题 ,利用轮胎加筋建筑挡土墙或陡坡 (堤 )是解决该问题的一种有效方法。本文提供了一种加筋堤的设计方法 ,比较了不同加筋模式 ,并对该堤进行了环境及其它指标的评价 ,证明了其可行性。     

Prenatal diagnosis of herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa by amniocentesis

Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa (HJEB) is a severe blistering disorder which usually results in death during infancy. We have previously shown that the anchoring filament protein laminin-5 (kalinin/nicein), which mediates keratinocyte attachment and dermal–epidermal cohesion, is abnormally expressed in individuals with HJEB. Laminin-5 was detected by Western blot analysis in amniotic fluid from 44 consecutive normal secondtrimester control pregnancies, but was undetectable in second-trimester amniotic fluid from four pregnancies with fetuses affected by HJEB. In one case of severe non-Herlitz JEB, laminin-5 was detected in both amniotic fluid and skin. In human amniotic fluid, the laminin-5 a3 subunit was processed to a major 165 kD species and a minor 145 kD species and the β2 subunit was partially processed to 105 kD. Although laminin-5 was covalently associated with laminin-6 (K-laminin) in amniotic membrane, no covalent interaction was detected in amniotic fluid. Laminin-5 from amniotic fluid strongly supported keratinocyte attachment. These results suggest that Western blot analysis of second-trimester amniotic fluid is useful in determining the prenatal diagnosis of HJEB and that laminin-5 may serve a physiologically important function in amniotic fluid.     

The importance of chorionic villus sampling after first trimester diagnosis of cystic hygroma

The prenatal diagnosis of The Turner Syndrome is described at a menstrual age of 12 weeks. Detection of cystic hygroma was followed by vaginal chorionic villous sampling (CVS) which revealed a 45,X karyotype. Early documentation of fetal karyotype in the presence of a cystic hygroma is essential for accurate diagnosis and genetic counselling.     

絮凝法处理纸浆漂白废水的研究

研究了无机絮凝剂ＰＡＣ，ＰＳＡ，ＰＥＳ，ＭｇＣｌ２，ＣａＯ及其与有机高分子絮凝剂ＣＧＡ复全使用对两种不同工艺漂白废水的混凝处理特性，结果表明，水质１ＣＯＤｃｒ，ＡＯＸ去除率分别为６３．２％，４５．３％，水质２ＣＯＤｃｒ，ＡＯＸ去除率达７３．１￥％，５３．４％。化钙与碳酸钠具有相同的降解ＡＯＸ能力，硫离子在中性ｐＨ条件下可显著提高ＡＯＸ的去除率。     

Quantification of human amniotic fluid constituents by high resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

We have investigated the ability of high-resolution proton NMR spectroscopy to provide a biochemical constituent screening of human amniotic fluid (AF). Proton NMR spectra were obtained at 300 MHz on AF from patients undergoing amniocentesis in the mid-trimester. Only AF from normal pregnancies (normal fetal karyotype, normal a-fetoprotein levels, normal birth outcome) was used in this study. The AF supernatant was lyophilized and resuspended in deuterated water containing 0.1 mm phosphate buffer and 6.02 mm disodium maleate. Identification of low molecular weight compounds was confirmed by two-dimensional NMR spectra (primarily correlated spectroscopy, or COSY) and standard addition techniques. A broad profile of compounds were ‘NMR visible’ in a single proton spectrum, including creatinine, glucose, organic acids (acetate, citrate, and lactate) and several amino acids (alanine, histidine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and valine). The proton spectrum was unaffected by prior freezing/thawing of AF samples. We were able to quantify compounds by comparison with an added concentration standard (maleate) at concentrations as low as 30 μm. Good agreement with literature values based on other analytical techniques was obtained.