X射线防护服防护性能探析

本文对X射线防护服应具备的防护性能进行了探讨分析,在调研、测试和资料搜集的基础上给出了x射线防护服的铅当量、物理性能和耐臭氧性能等级,对目前存在的一些问题提出了建设性的意见,期望在x射线防护服的生产和使用上达到企业顺利发展、人民生命和健康得到保障的双赢效果。     

油气集输及处理节能减排的实践与探索

通过分析某作业区节能减排的现状、潜力及存在问题,结合典型实例,探讨了油田节能减排的途径和主要方法:应建立和完善各项节能减排制度,在推进能源节约、推行污染减排、加强资源综合利用等方面,实现全方位立体化节能减排。同时,应制定中长期工作规划,淘汰高能耗设备、应用新技术、加大监督检查力度等措施以实现油田企业可持续发展。     

Long-range atmospheric transport of persistent organochlorinated compounds from south and mainland south-eastern Asia to a remote mountain site in south-western China

A range of organochlorinated compounds have been consumed in China, India and the countries of mainland southeast Asia (MSA). Considering their persistence in the environment and ability in long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT), the potential outflow of these compounds from this region is therefore of great concern in the context of the global distribution of toxic chemicals. As part of a monitoring campaign aimed at investigating the LRAT of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from southern China, MSA and northern India, atmospheric levels of OCPs and PCBs were measured once a week from October 2005 through December 2006 at Tengchong Mountain (TM), a remote site located in south-western China. The average concentrations of OCPs were found to be higher than those in other remote stations in the Arctic and the Tibetan plateau, except for α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH). A high level of β-HCH and low α-HCH/β-HCH ratio was attributed to an accidental release of β-HCH from unknown sources, besides obvious evidence of lindane (γ-HCH) and technical HCH usage. Temporal variations of chlordanes and endosulfan were related to the usage pattern of these compounds, as well as LRAT. In contrast, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) exhibited a relatively minor seasonal variation. The OCP levels at the monitoring site were found to be related to the air parcel back trajectories on the basis of four distinct clusters. Elevated levels of HCHs and DDTs were observed when air parcels originated from northern India where considerable OCP usage was reported recently, while high levels of γ-HCH and TC (trans-chlordane) were mainly associated with air masses from southern China and northern MSA. The study highlighted the high background level of OCPs as well as their temporal patterns of trans-boundary LRAT in the MSA region.     

Common challenges for ecological modelling: Synthesis of facilitated discussions held at the symposia organized for the 2009 conference of the International Society for Ecological Modelling in Quebec City, Canada, (October 6-9, 2009)

The eleven symposia organized for the 2009 conference of the International Society for Ecological Modelling (ISEM 2009) held in Quebec City, Canada, October 6-9, 2009, included facilitated discussion sessions following formal presentations. Each symposium focused on a specific subject, and all the subjects could be classified into three broad categories: theoretical development, population dynamics and ecosystem processes. Following discussions with the symposia organizers, which indicated that they all shared similar issues and concerns, the facilitated discussions were task-oriented around four basic questions: (1) key challenges in the research area, (2) generating and sharing new ideas, (3) improving collaboration and networking, and (4) increasing visibility to decision-makers, partners and clients. Common challenges that emerged from the symposia included the need for improved communication and collaboration among different academic disciplines, further progress in both theoretical and practical modelling approaches, and accentuation of technology transfer. Regarding the generation and sharing of new ideas, the main issue that emerged was the type of positive interactions that should be encouraged among potential collaborators. The usefulness of the Internet, particularly for the sharing of open-source software and conducting discussion forums, was highlighted for improving collaboration and networking. Several communication tools are available today, and it is important for modellers to use them more intensively. Visibility can be increased by publishing professional newsletters, maintaining informal contacts with the public, organizing educational sessions in primary and secondary schools, and developing simplified analytical frameworks and pilot studies. Specific issues raised in each symposium are also discussed.     

填充墙对底框结构地震反应的影响

为研究填充墙对底层框架多层砌体房屋地震反应的影响,以典型的填充墙-底层框架多层砌体房屋为基础,建立有限元计算模型并进行了弹塑性动力时程分析。根据不同模型的计算结果以及填充墙的刚度和强度,分析了填充墙对底层框架多层砌体房屋自振周期、地震作用下房屋整体变形、底层框架的损伤以及填充墙与底层框架相互作用的影响。计算结果表明:填充墙对房屋整体地震反应产生明显影响,其影响不能忽略。在上部砌体结构质量和刚度不变的情况下,结构自振周期随着填充墙刚度的增加而降低;随着填充墙与底层框架之间连接作用的增强,结构整体的变形减小,底层框架的损伤增大。当填充墙与底层框架之间采用弱连接时,采用强度较高的填充墙可以提高结构整体的变形能力,从而提高结构整体的抗震能力。     

浙江可持续旅游发展战略研究

本文在分析浙江省旅游产业发展现状与趋势的基础上 ,针对区域旅游产业发展存在的问题 ,就区域旅游产业发展战略、旅游系统优化与创新等问题进行探讨 ,提出了浙江省旅游新线路开发与发展生态旅游产业 ,促进区域可持续发展的新思路     

太钢推行项目安全管理五抓到位的经验

以某工程项目为例 ,介绍了在安全保证体系 ,规章制度 ,单项安全措施、方案 ,现场“二无”工地 ,安全检查监督 5个方面的具体做法     

加强区域生态经济建设,实现可持续发展

任一生态经济区域都是更大区域的组成部分 ,区域生态经济建设既要注意区域内在的协调 ,更应关注对更大区域的环境影响。区域生态经济建设开发利用自然资源时 ,要特别处理好生态环境保护利用与经济开发利用的协调关系 ,因此 ,做好环境影响分析是区域生态经济建设的前提     

国际远洋船舶压舱水中的硅藻研究

应用新型压舱水采样器采集了5艘进入厦门港的国际远洋船舶14个压舱水水样,通过对样品中硅藻的分析、鉴定,共发现硅藻37属111种(包括变种和休止孢子),其中赤潮种28种,潜在有毒种1种,非本海域种6种:Stepharopyxis turris;Chaetoceros convoluts;C.crinitus;C.aurivilliis;C.neocompactum;C.subsalsum。各样品中硅藻丰度值在0.08×103/L～5.96×103/L之间,种类数(已定种)在6～36之间。结合硅藻组成和丰度可以推断压舱水的可能交换地。与前人的研究结果对比反映出压舱水可能导致新的外来有害生物入侵的潜在危害性,相关职能部门应加强压舱水的监管工作。     

青岛市剩余污泥处置现状分析及资源化利用

介绍了青岛市城市污水处理厂剩余污泥目前的产生情况及处置现状,对比分析了国内外先进的剩余污泥处置方法和技术。提出了适合青岛市剩余污泥资源化利用的途径和方法。剩余污泥既是污染物又是一种资源,污泥的处理、处置与资源化利用相结合才是其最好的出路。