生物絮凝剂除浊脱色作用的初步研究

本文报道了产生ＮＡＴ型生物絮凝剂的菌株的培养方法和筛选结果，着重讨论了此类生物絮凝剂对染料水样和非染料水样进行处理过程中ｐＨ值对处理效果的影响。并利用开发出的生物絮凝剂对实际排污河水进行处理，证明生物絮凝剂对悬浮水体的处理效果较好，可用于去除藻类。     

现代生物技术在废水处理中的应用进展

介绍了现代生物技术及其在废水处理中的应用和发展 ,讨论了现代生物技术和环境工程技术相结合的环境生物技术的应用及其发展趋势     

富营养化淡水水体中微囊藻毒素的研究进展

微囊藻毒素（Microcystins,MCYSTs,MCs）为富营养化淡水水体中最常见的藻类毒素,从毒理学、环境科学、生物学及化学等方面对MCs的研究已有较多报道。本文综述了关于MCS在产生机理、毒理效应、分离检测方法和水处理过程中的去除方法等方面的研究进展,并对目前研究的不足提出了几点意见。     

模拟纳污水体底质参数变化

本文介绍了模拟纳污水体中ＷＡＲ，ＷＭＲ，ＷＣＨ，ＳＡＲ，ＳＭＲ，ＳＳＦ和ＲＯＣ的变化。过程曲线表明水体污染时底质参数出现累积现象。     

大开孔安全性有限元分析及建议

石化行业压力容器大开孔结构应用普遍,开孔区域应力情况复杂,利用分析设计技术对大开孔结构进行强度有限元分析,准确地得出了最大应力的位置及数值,保证了结构的安全性,为大开孔结构局部优化提供了计算依据。     

Carbon dioxide adsorption behaviors of aluminum-pillared montmorillonite-supported alkaline earth metals

The Al-pillared montmorillonite-supported alkaline earth metal 5M/Al-PILC (PILC = pillared clay, M = Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) and xMg/Al-PILC (x = 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt.%) samples were prepared using an impregnation method. Physical properties of the materials were determined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N₂ adsorption-desorption, and their CO₂ adsorption behaviors were investigated using the thermogravimetric analyzer (TG), CO₂ temperature-programmed desorption (CO₂-TPD), and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared transform spectroscopy (in situ-DRIFTS) techniques. It is shown that 5Mg/Al-PILC possessed the highest CO₂ adsorption capacity (2.559 mmol/g). The characterization results indicate that Al-pillaring increased the specific surface area of montmorillonite, which was beneficial for the adsorption of CO₂. The CO₂ adsorption process on the sample was mainly chemical adsorption, and alkalinity was the main factor influencing its adsorption capacity. The alkalinity of the sample was enhanced by loading an appropriate amount of alkaline earth metal, and the adsorbed CO₂ was present in the form of bicarbonate and carbonate. In addition, the 5Mg/Al-PILC sample exhibited an excellent regeneration efficiency. We believe that the outcome of this research would provide a good option for developing highly effective CO₂ adsorption materials.     

水热处理高含固污泥的无害化效能和资源属性影响

污水处理厂污泥除含有易腐有机质和营养物质外,还富集了大量的抗生素、抗性基因（ARGs）、病原菌等污染物质.水热处理作为预处理技术,可提高高含固污泥的生物转化率,然而对于高含固污泥的无害化效能和资源属性的影响研究较少.因此,本文考察了不同温度水热处理条件对高含固污泥无害化效能的影响,选取具有代表性的4种氟喹诺酮抗生素（FQs）、ARGs及常见病毒作为无害化的评价指标.结果表明,在160℃和180℃处理60 min的情况下,总FQs去除率分别达到了42.5%和59.5%,而低温条件下FQs的去除效果不明显,表明FQs具有一定的热稳定性.高温处理同样对ARGs的消减效果明显,在180℃水热处理后,ARGs和水平转移因子的消减超过了6个数量级（6 logs）,显著降低了ARGs的传播风险.尽管高含固污泥中可以检出病毒基因如人腺病毒等,但污泥中病毒对水热温度非常敏感,在120℃的水热条件下即可消减病毒基因.除此以外,水热处理可以释放大量的营养物质如多糖、蛋白质、挥发性脂肪酸等,有助于提高和改善后续的微生物转化效率.     

Effect of water chemistry on the aggregation and photoluminescence behavior of carbon dots

Carbon dots are rapidly emerging carbon-based nanomaterials that, due to their growing applications, will inevitable find their way to natural waters; however, their environmental fate is mostly unknown. Carbon dots with different surface functionality were fabricated and characterized by TEM and FT-IR. Their surface charge, given by the zeta potential, and their hydrodynamic diameter in suspension were investigated under a variety of environmentally relevant conditions. The effect of ionic strength was studied in the presence of monovalent (NaCl) and divalent (CaCl₂) cations, for pH levels from 3 to 11; humic acid was used as a model for dissolved natural organic matter. Total potential energies of interactions were modeled by classical DLVO theory. The experimental results showed that water chemistry altered the surface charge of the nanomaterials, but their hydrodynamic size could not be correlated to those changes. Evidence of specific interactions was found for the amino functionalized particles in most cases, as well as the plain carbon dots in the presence of Ca^2 + and humic acid. Nanoparticles remained largely stable in suspension, with some exception at the highest ionic strength considered. DLVO theory did not adequately capture the aggregation behavior of the system. Moreover, cation and/or humic acid adsorption negatively affected the emission intensity of the particles, suggesting limitations to their use in natural water sensing applications. The particular stability shown by the carbon dots results in exposure to organisms in the water column and the possibility of contamination transported to significant distances from their source.     

镉、铬复合污染水源水的处理技术研究

重金属引起的给水污染是威胁人体健康的元凶首恶之一,也为传统给水处理工艺提出更大的挑战.本文以强化混凝沉淀的方法处理铬、镉复合污染的水源水,旨在通过优化原工艺应对突发污染.研究表明,针对铬和镉的初始污染浓度分别为0.170 0 mg/L和0.030 0 mg/L的复合污染水源水,采用分段工艺,只需在原水的pH值的条件下,投加混凝剂(FeCl3)20.0 mg/L,混凝剂(PAFC)的投加量为2mg/L,出水即可以达到国家出水标准.处理过程模拟水厂现有工艺,无需新增设备,易于操作.