In vitro characteristics of human fetal cells obtained from chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis

In vitro characteristics of human fetal cells have been investigated after chorionic villus sampling at the first trimester and amniocentesis at the second trimester of pregnancy. Light microscopy revealed heterogeneous morphology of cell types in both the chorionic villus culture and the amniotic fluid cultures. Based on the experiments performed, chorionic villus cells are more sensitive to pronase, trypsin, and versene during subculture and have a higher DNA content per single cell and release more [¹²⁵I]-Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin into culture medium than those found in amniotic fluid cells. The practical applications of this study are discussed.     

预防水体黑臭的水质指标研究

水体黑臭的指标，是研究其成因，判断其黑芨科学合理地管理水体的重要内容，该文选择了与一黑臭生化过程有关的的一些参数，进行了理场和模拟试验测定研究，结果证明ＤＯ、ＢＯＤ５、硫酸还原菌数等，与水体黑臭具有较好的相关性。水体黑臭与不黑臭的临界指标为：ＣＨ－２１．５，ＤＯ＝１．８ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｎ＝２０００个／ｍｌ，ＢＯＤ５＝１４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

生物技术进步与生物多样性持续利用

近年来,生物多样性成为环境保护的热点问题,引起了广泛的关注.同时,生物技术在近20年来发展迅速,在国民经济中发挥了重要的作用.该文探讨了生物技术的发展与生物多样性可持续利用的关系.     

生物膜填料塔处理浓度有机废气的工业应用试验研究

工业应用试验研究表明，生物膜填料塔处理工业有机废气是可行的，当运行条件控制适当时，净化效率可保持在90％以上，能够实现达标排放，这一成果填补了我国环保工业技术领域的空白，工程技术上接近现阶段国外的技术研究水平。     

Preparation of PFS coagulant by sectionalized reactor

The oxidation rate of ferrous sulfate is investigated for the preparation of polyferric sulfate(PFS)coagulant.In is proved that this reaction is zero order with respect to Fe^2 ,first order with respect to NO2(g),and first order with respect to the interface area between gas phase and liquid phase.According to this mechanism,sectionalized reactor(SR) is used in place of traditional reactor(TR),and the liquid of reaction mixture is recycled by pump.As a result,not only the flow path of reaction liquid is prolonged,but also gas-liquid contact area enlarged,and the reaction distinctly accelerated,compared with traditional reactor.The effects of parameters including temperature,acidity and others on the reaction rate are also discussed.     

Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

Effects of pH, temperature, and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sediments were investigated under laboratory tests. Results indicated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or 12. Phosphine levels could reach maximum under initial pH 10. The contents of phosphine increased with the addition of alkali under pH 4–12. The rates of phosphine production and release from lake sediments varied with temperature. 20°C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound phosphine. Oxygen showed little effect on matrix-bound phosphine. Matrix-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes. Translated from Acta Scientise Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(5): 681–685 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

酸碱度变化对日本三角涡虫生存及再生的影响

用自来水和去离子水配制不同的pH溶液，测定涡虫生存及再生的情况，以及涡虫可承受的pH变化幅度，确定日本三角涡虫对不同酸碱环境的耐受性。结果表明涡虫对酸碱环境的耐受力较强。     

上海城市交通与机动车排气污染调查

上海市机动车保有量逐年增加，车辆的排气污染愈来愈严重，据调查，１９９７年机动画排放的ＣＯ，ＭＮＨＣ，ＮＯＸ和ＰＭ分别达到５８．６，９．０８，６．２０和０．２３万吨。中心城区机动车排放的ＣＯ，ＮＭＨＣ和ＮＯＸ污染物５０％以上来自于小型车，是影响上海城区环境空气质量的主要污染源。     

大气污染对儿童唾液溶菌酶含量的影响

本文分析了重庆市大气污染(SO_2、NO_x、TSP)的特征,报导重污染区儿童唾液溶菌酶含量明显低于相对污染区(P<0.00001),污染区儿童体内免疫功能下降;发现暴露于两种或两种以上因素(酸沉降物、被动吸烟、燃煤)时,对儿童唾液溶菌酶含量的影响远大于它们单一因素的作用(P<0.00001),经逐步回归分析,得Y=401.6869-68.1306X_5-42.3868X_1-20.8466X_4(r=0.7681,F值=185.08,P<0.00001);并针对重庆市大气污染的具体情况,提出一些有意义的建议措施。     

关于排污权交易市场设置的探索研究

排污权交易在我国经过了近30年的探索和实践,仍然停留在试点工作上的原因在于该制度的推广还存在一些困难。本文针对我国部分排污权交易试点地区由于市场容量过小,导致排污权供给不足,出现供不应求情况的问题,以山西省排污权交易开展现状为例,从人口、经济、政策环境等方面对影响市场设置的因素作出初步探索和分析,认为按照省级行政区域来划分市场范围是目前比较合理的选择,可以充分发挥排污权交易机制在市场资源配置方面的作用。