基于均匀试验的混凝土裂缝宽度影响因素分析

桥梁裂缝宽度的大小直接影响桥梁使用过程中的耐久性和安全性,裂缝宽度可以用配筋率、混凝土强度、理论厚度和环境湿度等因素来控制。为了研究以上4个因素对裂缝宽度的影响,以贵州某空心板桥为例,使用Midas/Civil进行建模分析,并用均匀试验设计法来确定各因素的影响程度。结果显示,配筋率以及环境湿度的影响较大,混凝土强度和理论厚度影响较小。所得结论为混凝土桥梁的设计研究提供了参考。     

Effects of H19/SAHH/DNMT1 on the oxidative DNA damage related to benzo[a]pyrene exposure

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The mechanisms that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 binding to S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) interacted with DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)...     

Differences of methods to quantify construction and demolition waste for less-developed but fast-growing countries: China as a case study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As China and other developing countries continue to urbanize over the next decades, construction and demolition waste (CDW) management has been...     

井喷后硫化氢扩散数值模拟研究现状

随着含硫天然气藏的勘探与开发,井喷后硫化氢扩散的研究显得非常重要.通过查阅大量文献资料,从井喷后硫化氢扩散数值模拟的不同模型入手,对箱及相似模型、API模型、浅层模型、高斯烟羽模型和CFD模型进行了阐述和分析,对比了各类模型的基本原理和优缺点,指出了硫化氢数值模拟的研究方向和完善措施.     

中国煤化工行业二氧化碳排放达峰路径研究

煤化工行业是我国煤炭消费和CO₂排放的主要贡献者之一,在2030年前实现碳达峰目标要求下,煤化工行业高碳排放的发展模式将不可持续且面临巨大挑战,开展煤化工行业CO₂排放达峰路径研究、实现高碳能源的绿色低碳化利用成为亟待解决的问题. 基于煤化工各子行业发展现状分析,综合考虑经济社会发展、节能低碳技术应用、原料和燃料结构调整等因素,采用下游部门需求法和项目法分别预测传统煤化工与现代煤化工各子行业未来发展规模,采用碳排放系数法预测不同情景下2021—2035年行业碳排放量变化趋势,判断行业实现碳达峰的关键措施、达峰时间和峰值. 结果表明:①2019年我国煤化工行业碳排放量为5.4×108 t,占全国碳排放总量的4.8%. 其中,传统煤化工碳排放量为3.6×108 t,现代煤化工碳排放量为1.8×108 t. ②基准情景下,煤化工行业无法在2030年前实现碳达峰;强化控制情景下,通过采取一系列控碳措施,可推动煤化工行业在2025年左右提前达到碳排放峰值. ③控制现代煤化工规模、优化行业用能结构、优化甲醇原料结构等措施是煤化工行业碳减排的三项主要措施,到2030年可分别减少碳排放0.50×108、0.16×108和0.08×108 t. 研究显示,促进煤化工行业碳达峰应尽快实施控制现代煤化工发展规模、从源头减少传统煤化工产品需求、优化甲醇行业原料结构、优化煤化工用能结构、提高行业能效水平和促进产品固碳化等政策措施.      

Characterization and assessment of contaminated soil and groundwater at an organic chemical plant site in Chongqing,Southwest China

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Contamination from organic chemical plants can cause serious pollution of soil and groundwater ecosystems. To characterize soil contamination and to evaluate...     

In situ preparation of visible-light-driven carbon quantum dots/NaBiO3 hybrid materials for the photoreduction of Cr(VI)

In this study, different carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/NaBiO₃ hybrid materials were synthesized as photocatalysts to effectively utilize visible light for the photocatalytic degradation of contaminants effectively. These hybrid materials exhibit an enhanced photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in the aqueous medium. Zero-dimensional nanoparticles of CQDs were embedded within the two-dimensional NaBiO₃ nanosheets by the hydrothermal process. Compared with that of the pure NaBiO₃ nanosheets, the photocatalytic performance of the hybrid catalysts was significantly high and 6 wt.% CQDs/NaBiO₃ catalyst exhibited better photocatalytic performance. We performed the first-principles density functional theory calculations to study the interfacial properties of pure NaBiO₃ nanosheets and hybrid photocatalysts, and confirmed the CQDs played an important role in the CQDs/NaBiO₃ composites. The experimental results indicated that the enhanced reduction of Cr(VI) was probably due to the high loading of CQDs (electron acceptor) on NaBiO_3, which made NaBiO₃ nanomaterials to respond in visible light and significantly improved their electron-hole separation efficiency.     

Effects of environmental factors on sulfamethoxazole photodegradation under simulated sunlight irradiation: Kinetics and mechanism

To advance the knowledge of the environmental fate of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), we systematically investigated the effects of natural water constituents and synthetic substances (i.e., TiO₂ nanoparticles (nTiO₂) and Ti-doped β-Bi₂O₃ (NTB)) on the photodegradation kinetics of SMX under xenon lamp irradiation. The photolysis of SMX in aqueous solution followed first-order kinetics. Our results showed that higher concentrations of SMX, fulvic acid, suspended sediments, NTB and higher pH value decreased the photodegradation rates of SMX, whereas H₂O₂ improved the SMX photodegradation. TiO₂ nanoparticles had a dual effect on photodegradation due to their photocatalytic activity and photoabsorption of photons. No intermediates more toxic toward Vibrio fischeri than SMX were produced after direct photolysis and photocatalytic degradation for 3 hr. The photolysis of SMX involved three pathways: hydroxylation, cleavage of the sulfonamide bond, and fragmentation of the isoxazole ring. This study lays the groundwork for a better understanding of the environmental fate of SMX.     

N-(1-萘基)-乙二胺光度法测定水中亚硝酸盐氮的测量不确定度评定

不确定度是定量表征测量结果质量的一个重要参数。测量不确定度评定现已成为检测和校准实验室不可缺少的工作内容。水中亚硝酸盐氨含量是表征水污染程度的重要指标,因此,对于水中亚硝酸盐氨的测量不确定度评定工作就显得尤为重要。通过评定N-(1-萘基)-乙二胺光度法测定水中亚硝酸盐氮的不确定度,找出了主要影响因素。     

基于电力载波的加油站油气回收在线监测系统

为保证加油站油气回收系统的实施效果,专门研制了加油站油气回收在线监控系统,该系统可以实时采集油气回收系统的气液比、密闭性等参数,并通过电力载波技术将数据传输到室内的监控机中进行存储、分析、报警和远传。实际测试表明,该系统性能稳定、成本低廉、安装简单,无需专门铺设通讯电缆,可以很好地满足现场要求。