Preliminary investigation on cytotoxicity of fluorinated polymer nanoparticles

As well-known persistent organic pollutants(POPs), organofluorine pollutants such as perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) have been proven to be bioaccumulated and harmful to health. However, toxicological assessment of organofluorinated nanoparticles, which have emerged as a novel tool for biomedical and industrial applications, is lacking, to the best of our knowledge. To assess the biological effects and health risk of fluorinated nanoparticles,trifluoroethyl aryl ether-based fluorinated poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles(PTFEPMMA NPs) were synthesized with various fluorine contents(PTFE-PMMA-1 NPs 12.0 wt.%,PTFE-PMMA-2 NPs 6.1 wt.% and PTFE-PMMA-3 NPs 5.0 wt.%), and their cytotoxicity was investigated in this study. The in vitro experimental results indicated that the cytotoxicity of PTFE-PMMA NPs was mild, and was closely related to their fluorine(F) contents and Fcontaining side chains. Specifically, the cytotoxicity of PTFE-PMMA NPs decreased with increasing F content and F-containing side chains. After exposure to PTFE-PMMA NPs at a sublethal dose(50 μg/m L) for 24 hr, the phospholipid bilayer was damaged, accompanied by increasing permeability of the cell membrane. Meanwhile, the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) occurred, resulting in the increase of DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and cell death. Overall, the PTFE-PMMA NPs were found to be relatively safe compared with typical engineered nanomaterials(ENMs), such as silver nanoparticles and graphene oxide, for biomedical and industrial applications.     

澳门水域水体有机氯农药的垂线分布特征

对澳门水域水柱不同水深水体进行垂线采样,根据水样颗粒相和溶解相有机氯农药(OCPs)的定量分析结果,探讨水体中OCPs的垂线分布特征.结果表明,OCPs总量变化范围为25 1～67 5ng·L-1,六六六总量为8 7～27ng·L-1;DDTs总量是8 7～29 8ng·L-1;DDT (DDE DDD)垂线分布表明,水柱上层样品的DDT (DDE DDD)>1,说明目前可能仍有新使用的DDT农药进入该水域;据OCPs在颗粒相和溶解相中的分配及其垂线分布表明,水体中悬浮颗粒物主要以沉降和水平迁移输运为主;聚类分析结果亦表明,中层、上层水样的关联程度相对较高,与底部界面水的相关性较低,揭示OCPs在表层沉积物与水体间的垂向交换、迁移较弱,水环境受表层沉积物再次释放OCPs的影响较小.     

过硫酸盐-石灰苏打处理印染反渗透浓水研究

本文通过热活化过硫酸盐(PS)氧化印染反渗透浓水(ROC)中的难降解有机物,并辅以石灰苏打软水技术降低其硬度,以期实现印染ROC的回用.PS氧化研究表明,酸性条件相对于中性和碱性条件更有利于反应的进行,适宜的初始PS浓度为1000 mg·L~(-1),经济有效的活化温度为75℃.PS氧化降解ROC中难降解有机物的过程符合一级降解动力学模型.经PS氧化处理后,ROC中SO2-4浓度由9600 mg·L~(-1)上升到10350 mg·L~(-1),节省了回用时印染助剂的投加;TOC浓度1.0 mg·L~(-1),表明ROC中难降解有机物已基本矿化.石灰苏打脱除印染ROC中硬度的研究表明,150 mg·L~(-1)的石灰和800 mg·L~(-1)的苏打投加量是降低硬度的最为适宜的药剂组合方式.PS-石灰苏打处理印染ROC可稳定实现出水COD21.5 mg·L~(-1),硬度17.5 mg·L~(-1),满足印染废水回用要求.     

湿地公园的植物景观设计——以上海崇明岛西沙湿地公园为例

湿地公园是湿地与公园的复合体,体现了“在保护中利用,在利用中保护”的生态思想,其中植物景观起到了很大的作用。在湿地公园的设计中,对湿地植物的选择也尤为重要。上海崇明西沙湿地公园,是一个以自然保护为主的主体性公园。其保留了大部分的水生植物和湿生植物的构建模式,在保留层面有很大的优势,但同时也体现出一定的不足,希望通过对其优劣势的分析,对今后的湿地植物景观设计有更多的借鉴。     

不同磷肥对棕壤吸附铜的影响

采用等温平衡法研究3种性质不同的磷肥（磷酸二铵,钙镁磷肥和磷矿粉）对棕壤铜吸附量的影响,并应用Freundlich方程Cs=KfCen分析土壤铜的吸附特征。结果表明,与不施磷肥处理（对照）相比,当n（磷）：n（铜）=1：1时,钙镁磷肥和磷矿粉增加棕壤对铜的吸附量,分别增加107%和158%;不同用量的磷酸二铵均会降低棕壤对铜的吸附能力;增加非水溶性磷肥（钙镁磷肥和磷矿粉）的施用量,能增加棕壤对铜的吸附量,提高棕壤的吸附能力;高量磷矿粉的作用效果最为明显。由此可知,为降低农产品质量安全风险,铜污染棕壤上不宜施用磷酸二铵,但可选用磷矿粉作为肥源。     

Antioxidant vitamin E protects embryos of Xenopus tropicalis against lambda-cyhalothrin induced embryotoxicity

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pesticides are capable of increasing risks to the early development of nontarget organisms through oxidative stress. The supplementation of...     

Release characteristics and control of hydrogen sulfide during thermal drying of municipal wastewater sludge

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the most predominant malodorous gas released during the thermal drying of municipal wastewater sludge. Experiment using a...     

重点行业VOCs自动监控存在的问题及建议

对全国范围内石化、化工、包装印刷、工业涂装4个重点行业的VOCs自动监控设施的安装、运行和管理等情况进行调研、分析。研究发现,重点行业VOCs自动监控设施存在覆盖率不足、规范化不够、监测结果比对难、管理应用少等问题,并提出了细化自动监控设施安装要求、规范仪器市场秩序、提高自动监控质量、完善自动监控技术规范和标准、强化以用促管等建议,旨在为规范指导VOCs自动监控设施的建设、运行和提高VOCs自动监控数据的质量提供技术支撑。     

化妆品生产废水处理工程设计与调试实例

采用“水解酸化-接触氧化”组合工艺处理高浓度日用化工废水,同时以曝气生物滤池工艺进行深度处理,进一步提高废水处理效率。经过系统处理,废水CODCr从进水4000mg/L左右降为80mg/L以下,BOD5从进水1100mg/L左右降为20mg/L以下,处理效率均达到98%,排放水质完全达到广州市污水排放一级标准(DB4437-90)。通过工程的长期实际运行表明,该系统处理的出水水质稳定,处理效率高。     

等离子体与光催化复合空气净化技术研究

尝试了一种新的等离子体-光催化复合方式进行空气净化,研究表明该种复合方式具有较显著的协同促进效应,通过改变等离子体发生单元与光催化单元的距离以及在两者之间放置网状物,可消除等离子体单元产生的负电荷对光催化单元的不利影响,进一步提高其复合效应.还对这一复合方式产生协同效应的机理进行了分析.