A mini-microbial fuel cell for voltage testing of exoelectrogenic bacteria

Current methods for testing the electricity generation capacity of isolates are time- and labor-consuming. This paper presents a rapid voltage testing system of exoelectrogenic bacteria called Quickscreen, which is based on a microliter microbial fuel cell (MFC). Geobacter sulfurreducens and Shewanella baltica were used as the model exoelectrogenic bacteria; Escherichia coli that cannot generate electricity was used as a negative control. It was found that the electricity generation capacity of the isolates could be determined within about five hours by using Quickscreen, and that its time was relatively rapid compared with the time needed by using larger MFCs. A parallel, stable, and low background voltage was achieved using titanium as a current collector in the blank run. The external resistance had little impact on the blank run during the initial period. The cathode with a five-hole configuration, used to hydrate the carbon cathode, gave higher cathode potential than that with a one-hole configuration. Steady discharge and current interrupt methods showed that the anode mostly contributed to the large internal resistance of the Quickscreen system. However, the addition of graphite felt decreased the resistance from 18 to 5 kΩ. This device was proved to be useful to rapidly evaluate the electricity generation capacity of different bacteria.     

湖南省雷电特征及闪电数据分析

湖南是雷暴多发区,雷暴分布是南多北少,西多东少。近35年地面雷暴观测数据显示,全省年平均雷暴数呈下降趋势。湖南闪电以负地闪为主,占总地闪的94．59％,平均闪电强度随着海拔高度的增加而加大,长沙、韶山为闪电强度低值中心。一天中13～20时是闪电高发期,正地闪的平均能量要大于负地闪。     

浅谈系统论方法在防汛抗灾工作中的应用

本文以系统论方法为指导,概括地分析了防汛抗灾系统的组成、特征以及系统论方法对防汛抗灾工作的作用,并结合防汛抗灾工作的实际,应用系统论的基本原理,提出了防汛抗灾系统整体与要素的组织管理方法,探讨了如何充分发挥防汛抗灾系统的整体功能,取得最佳运行效果的途径。     

高中环境教育选修课的几点思考

目前,中小学以渗透结合的方式实施环境教育虽然已经开始,而从培训不同学科教师到真正渗透环境教育将是一个漫漫跋涉的过程。因而环境教育选修课不失为一种增强学生的环保与忧患意识,提高环保觉悟的有力手段。基于这样的认识,我们在每周一课时的选修课中增设了环境教育选修课,创我区环境教育走上高中课堂之先河。经过很长一段时间的摸索与实践,使我对这门选修课的设立原则与教法等具体问题有了进一步的认识。 　　学校的实际情况 　　学生已有的环境知识。在初中阶段,通过相关学科的渗透,加上媒体和舆论的大力度的宣传,对于环境和…     

基于监测样本信息的水环境系统权重分配方法

针对水环境系统权重分配问题，从建筑系统客观背景入手，以环境因子监测样本资料为信息源，通过构造关联信息矩阵，并采用旋转正交转变换的主成分分析法，定量地描述了交五因子在整体系统的贡献，最后依贡献量大小识别对应各个因子的权重值，实例表明，该方法物理意义清晰结果客观合理。     

磁铁矿活化过硫酸钠降解泥浆体系中的三氯乙烯

研究了磁铁矿活化过硫酸钠技术氧化泥浆系统中三氯乙烯(TCE)的效果.同时,考察了Fe2+、Cl-和HCO-3对TCE降解过程的影响,并采用有机碳含量不同的2种天然土壤,以及用H2O2去除低聚合"软碳"和高温灼烧去除全部有机碳后所得到的2种土壤,考察了有机质含量对TCE降解的影响,检测了反应过程中有机质的变化.结果表明,在中性pH值条件下,磁铁矿活化过硫酸钠是表面活化反应,反应产物为α-Fe2O3,TCE氧化降解过程符合准一级反应动力学方程.在初始TCE浓度20 mg·L-1、磁铁矿投量20 g·L-1时,TCE在48 h后的去除率达到97%.Fe2+对反应有促进作用,Cl-和HCO-3均会对反应起到抑制作用,其中,HCO-3的抑制作用强于Cl-.TCE降解速率受土壤有机质含量影响较大,土壤去除有机质(SOM)后TCE的降解速率明显加快.通过检测有机质变化发现,过硫酸钠对有机质的去除较小,有机质对TCE降解的抑制可能是通过消耗过硫酸钠、表面消耗自由基和对有机污染物的竞争吸附等多种途径引起的.     

Theoretical and Empirical Study on Urban Population Cawing Capacity： Case of Haidian District in Beijing

The measurement of urban population carrying capacity is the basis for cities＇ sustainable development. However, the traditional study on population carrying capacity which was based on food supply is not applicable to the single urban area. This paper built a model for the analysis of urban carrying capacity, and took Haidian District in Beijing as an example to calculate the urban carrying capacity of Haidian District in the future, which was the basis for the improvement of the population carrying capacity. This study would also provide a reference to the measurement of the urban population carrying capacity for other cities and districts in China.     

Theoretical and Empidcal Study on Urban Population Carrying Capacity:Case of Haidian District in Beijing

The measurement of urban population carrying capac- ity is the basis for cities' sustainable development.However,the traditional study on population carrying capacity which was based on food supply is not applicable to the single urban area.This paper built a model for the analysis of urban carrying capacity, and took Haidian District in Beijing as an example to calculate the urban carrying capacity of Haidian District in the future,which was the basis for the improvement of the population carrying capac...     

Assessment of Pb and pyrene accumulation in Scirpus triqueter assisted by combined alkyl polyglucoside and nitrilotriacetic acid application

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To understand the accumulation and uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals by plants is an important part of the assessment...     

液化天然气装卸泄漏扩散模拟研究

针对目前国内LNG槽车装卸采用万向旋转接卸臂+法兰盘接头进行LNG装卸作业,可能出现泄漏的位置为法兰盘接头和万向旋转接头情况,利用有限元仿真软件对LNG装卸时万向旋转接头密封完全失效进行模拟,计算得到泄漏量为1.507 t/h;并针对某接收站采用PHAST软件模拟计算法兰接头全脱、局部破裂及万向旋转接头密封意外失效工况下,LNG泄漏扩散情况,分析得到泄漏孔径、泄漏时间、天气条件对于形成可燃气云尺寸及扩散范围的影响情况,法兰接头完全脱开时泄漏形成气云的最大距离和最大面积为万向旋转接头密封失效泄漏时的12倍和1 000倍。LNG槽车装卸采用法兰盘接头,LNG泄漏可燃气云覆盖面积大,存在巨大爆炸风险,应开展LNG低温干式接头研究,避免LNG装卸接头泄漏爆炸事故发生。