SBR的反硝化吸磷脱氮现象研究

通过改变生物除磷脱氮工艺SBR(A／O／A／O)的运行参数，对其缺氧段进行研究，发现：进入缺氧段的聚磷菌体内的PHB是否充足，是缺氧吸磷现象是否明显的关键。在SBR的缺氧段也存在反硝化吸磷现象，此反应装置的活性污泥中含有大量的可利用NO3^-作为电子受体，进行缺氧反硝化吸磷的反硝化聚磷菌(DPB)。     

从细菌的生化特性看生物脱氮与生物除磷的关系

目前一般的污水生物脱氮除磷机理认为生物反硝化脱氮与生物除磷是两个相互独立、相互竞争的生理过程，并且以这两个生理过程区分反硝化菌和聚磷菌。对生物脱氮除磷工艺中的细菌组成和生化特性的研究发现：硝酸盐还原性和超量吸磷只是两种并不冲突的细菌的生化特性，生物脱氮与生物除磷可以相互结合。即同时拥有这两种生化特性的细菌可以同时进行反硝化吸磷和脱氮生化反应。     

以脱硫废水电解产物活性氯为氧化剂的湿法脱汞工艺

采用脱硫废水电解产物活性氯(HClO和Cl2)作为氧化剂,在自制鼓泡反应器中研究反应温度、pH、入口汞浓度、NO浓度、SO2浓度等主要参数对Hg0氧化效果的影响,并简要探究其反应机理.结果表明,电解产物活性氯能有效促进Hg0的氧化脱除,反应中最佳HC1O浓度为4mmol·L-1,Cl2质量浓度为0.4 μg·m-3,其...     

乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)生物降解特性

研究EDTA作为单一碳源以及在乙酸钠、葡萄糖共基质条件下EDTA的厌氧、好氧生物降解特性.静态试验厌氧采用厌氧间歇试验法,好氧采用瓦呼仪测试法.单基质条件时,好氧、厌氧情况下EDTA均难以生物降解;而共基质可促进EDTA降解.动态试验采用活性污泥法,结果表明:污泥经过30d的驯化,EDTA去除率可达到50%左右,加入10mg/L乙酸钠,HRT=160,EDTA去除率可达到80%;当HRT=20h,EDTA去除率可达到92.5%～95.1%.污泥龄是影响EDTA降解的主要因素.乙酸钠本身易生物降解,同时它与EDTA具有相似结构,这种官能团共享促进了EDTA的生物降解.乙酸钠的加入还改善了污泥性能.     

长江重庆段溶解性有机物的荧光特性分析

利用三维荧光光谱(EEMs),并结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC)及主成分分析(PCA),研究了长江重庆段溶解有机物(DOM)的荧光组分特征及其污染来源,并探讨了荧光强度同溶解性有机碳(DOC)及溶解氧(DO)的相关性.结果表明,PARAFAC模型识别出长江重庆段DOM由2类6个荧光组分组成,即类腐殖质荧光组分C1(350/422 nm)、C4(245,305/395 nm)、C5(260,340/420 nm)、C6(260/480 nm)及类蛋白荧光组分C2(275/300 nm)、C3(227,278/329 nm).在DOM来源组成中,陆源的类腐殖质含量占62.56%,类蛋白物质含量占31.31%.类腐殖质组分的荧光强度同DOC的含量存在明显的线性正相关(r=0.73),类蛋白组分的荧光强度同DO的含量呈明显的线性负相关(r=0.80).EEMs-PARAFAC不仅可以表征长江重庆段DOM的光谱特征,示踪长江重庆段的有机污染程度,还可以为三峡库区水体保护提供依据.     

Reproductive toxicity assessment of surface water of the Tai section of the Yangtze River, China by in vitro bioassays coupled with chemical analysis

Reproductive toxicity of organic extracts of the surface water from the Tai section of the Yangtze River was assessed by in vitro cytotoxity assays and selected persistent organic pollutants including PCBs, OCPs and PAHs were quantified by instrumental analysis. Eleven of the US EPA priority PAHs were detected. Individual PAHs were found to range from 0.7 to 20 ng/L. Concentrations of BaP did not exceed the national drinking water source quality standard of China. However, a 286-fold concentrated organic extract induced significant reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. The morphology of cells, MTT assay and LDH release assay were all affected by exposure to the organic extracts of water. The results of the reproductive toxicity indicated that PAHs posed the greatest risk of the chemicals studied. The compounds present in the water could be bioconcentrated and result in adverse effects.     

土壤中油-水驱替机理研究

自行设计制备的二维包气带石油驱替装置是采用电导仪和负压计测定泄漏石油在包气带入渗过程中压力和水分的微观变化，用染色油品观测入渗锋面迁移，进而探讨了包气带油水驱替的机理．     

Fenton-混凝法处理苯胺废水

农药生产过程中产生的苯胺废水,COD浓度高、生物毒性强、可生化性差,一般生化方法很难处理。研究了Fenton与PAC联用处理苯胺废水。结果表明,Fenton氧化处理苯胺废水在最佳条件为pH=6、m（H2O2）/m（COD）=1.8、n（H2O2）/n（Fe2＋）=8时,COD和色度去除率分别为78.4%和92.3%。Fenton氧化后废水B/C值由0.037提高到0.324。最佳条件下联用PAC,在投加量为320 mg/L时COD与色度去除率分别为83.6%和94.8%,并且处理时间显著缩短,实际应用中可减少水力停留时间和构筑物体积。     

Health impacts of air pollution in Chinese coal-based clean energy industry: LCA-based and WTP-oriented modeling

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The evolution of energy system occupies an important position in economic development and quality of life. Influenced by the energy endowment in...     

Removal of elemental mercury from flue gas using the magnetic attapulgite by Mn-Cu oxides modification

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Mercury pollution has become one of the most concerned environmental issues in the world because of its high toxicity, non-degradability, and...