2-chlorophenol oxidation kinetic by photo-ssisted Fenton process

IntroductionTheo chlorophenolisaverytoxicandpoorlybiodegradablepollutant,whichisusedasanintermediateinthemanufactureofhigherchlorophenolandphenolresinsandforextractingsulphurandnitrogencompoundsfromcoals.Itisalsousedinorganicsynthesis(dyesandpesticide) .Oxidationofo chlorophenolwastewaterincatalyticwetairoxidationisofpracticalinterestsinceawastewatercontainingo chlorophenolover 2 0 0ppmmaynotbetreatedeffectivelybydirectbiologicalmethods.Advancedoxidationprocesses(AOPs)havebeensuccessfullyuse…     

Ecoprofit-Styria-prepare Thirteen pollution prevention case studies in the Styrian industry

The paper focuses upon the organization of a federal state-funded pollution prevention project in the Styrian industry. The project includes 13 companies from the textile, pulp and paper, machine building, wood working and printed circuit board manufacturing industries, covering most of the sectors and sizes in the Styrian industry. It started in January 1994 and will last for one year. It will demonstrate the possibilities of pollution prevention and the need for further research work. This project will make use of the methods and tools that were refined in the Austrian Prepare project. As a first step, a systematic balance of all the inputs and outputs of a company is made, after which the weak points and inefficiencies of material and energy use are identified and the options for improvements, both economical and ecological, are defined. Consequently, modifications in products and production lead to a situation with less waste and emissions. The preliminary lessons from these projects are presented: as a rule, the utilities (consumption of process materials and water, cleaning, energy, preparatory and finishing steps) are treated as black boxes and usually represent a considerable optimization potential. In these areas especially there is usually a lack of information and coordination as well as a need for a systematic and comprehensive approach. Leadership in the company and creative consultants are needed for starting lasting successful pollution prevention projects.     

A biological paleoindicator for early lake acidification: Mallomonadacean (Chrysophyceae) scale abundance in sediments

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BOD5测定方法的研究

通过对比实验，对BOD5的测定方法进行研究，探索用氧电极法测定BOD5的可能性和可行性，对其不足之处提出相应的解决措施，使之能更适用于科研、监测教学等方面的需要。     

Rapid prediction of disinfection by-product formation potential by fluorescence

Recent drinking water regulations have lowered the disinfection by-product standards as well as added new disinfection by-products for regulation. Natural organic matter (NOM) plays a major role in the formation of undesirable organic by-products following disinfection/oxidation of drinking water. It is suspected that most precursors to disinfection by-products are humic, although nonhumic substances are also suspected of contributing to these by-products. Many of the disinfection by-products have adverse health effects in humans (i.e., carcinogenic or mutagenic effects). The primary chlorinated disinfection by-products of concern include trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, and haloacetonitrile. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study humic and fulvic acids. The two fractions of humic substances, humic and fulvic acids, were characterized by a double-peak phenomena in an overlapping fluorescing region. Disinfection by-product formation potentials of humic and fulvic acids have been correlated with total organic carbon, UV absorbance at 254 nm, specific absorbance and fluorescence. River humic and fulvic acid was found to have the highest reactivity to disinfection by-product formation as compared to soil and peat humic and fulvic acid. Fluorescence spectroscopy has shown to be a rapid and predictive tool for disinfection by-products formation potential of humic and fulvic acids.     

政府激励企业环境技术创新的初步研究

环境技术创新是实施可持续发展战略的有效个介手段。政府激励企业ＥＳＴｓ的手段有开展环保教育，制订宏观经济管理政策，调整经济体制和结构，加强经济手段和实施环境法。政府激企业ＥＳＴｓ应兼顾多重目标、以及通过完善市场机制来节约激励成本。     

Vacuum energy in a Friedmann-Lemaître cosmos

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