铬(Ⅵ)土著还原菌筛选及初步鉴定实验研究

以重铬酸钾为供试物,用固体平板法和还原实验对铬(Ⅵ)土著还原菌进行筛选,用载片培养法、革兰氏染色法、鞭毛染色法、芽孢染色法对还原菌做初步的鉴定,共筛选出16株铬(Ⅵ)土著还原菌,并挑选出还原率相对较高的Z2(35.2%)、Z3(45.2%)、Z4(38.6%)、X8(30.4%)、X10(29.4%)作为铬(Ⅵ)的优势还原菌株。经初步鉴定,土著真菌Z2为黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger),Z3、Z4为镰刀菌属(Fusariumsp.),土著细菌X8、X10为芽孢杆菌(Bacillussp.)。实验的方法和成果将为铬(Ⅵ)污染土壤微生物治理技术的推广应用提供技术支持。     

磁性纳米Fe_3O_4对毒死蜱的增效和催化降解研究

应用溶剂热法制备了磁性纳米Fe3O4(NMFO),并用聚乙二醇-6000对其进行改性,使纳米Fe3O4表面由亲水性转变为亲脂性,从而实现与亲脂性毒死蜱的复合。纳米Fe3O4的加入使毒死蜱的生物活性明显提高。室内毒力试验结果表明:含0.2%纳米Fe3O4的Fe3O4/毒死蜱制剂的毒力在室内和紫外光照下分别是同浓度纯毒死蜱的3.84倍和4.17倍;其降解率也显著提高,纳米Fe3O4/毒死蜱制剂在太阳光照下放置10 d,其降解率可达93.2%,相同条件下纯毒死蜱的降解率是10.14%,而将添加或未添加纳米Fe3O4的毒死蜱于暗处放置相同的时间,其降解率分别为1.21%和0.23%。     

固定污染源烟气中氧含量监测方法比对

为了解电化学法、激光法、氧化锆法在测定固定污染源烟气中氧含量时存在的差异,进行方法比对实验,结果表明这三种方法均具有较好的精密度.对这三种方法测定结果进行t检验,结果表明三种监测方法间无显著性差异.     

GC/MS和GC/AED联用技术分析氯代邻羟基二苯醚类化合物的探讨

本文针对三氯新在脱氯反应过程中会产生多种二苯醚类化合物,提出采用GC/MS与GC-AED联用技术,对所有过程产物做出定性或定量分析,并通过实验证明其可行性.     

Tool wear of coated drills in drilling CFRP

This study aimed to investigate the wear of certain coated drills when drilling carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP). Three different drills were used in the drilling experiments: uncoated, diamond coated and AlTiN coated carbide (WC–Co) drills. The tool wear in CFRP machining was quite different from that in conventional metal machining. The primary wear type was a dulling or blunting of the cutting edge, which has been referred to as edge rounding wear or edge recession. In this paper, a hypothesis has been developed to explain the edge rounding wear in CFRP machining. Due to the fracture-based chip formation of CFRP, there is lack of the work material stagnation zone in front of the cutting edge, which normally prevents the edge wear in metal machining. Series of wear lead to rapid dulling of the cutting edge. The resistance to edge rounding wear on the coated as well as uncoated drills has been investigated. The diamond coating significantly reduces the edge rounding wear. However, AlTiN coated drills showed no visible improvement over the uncoated carbide drill, despite of their high hardness, thus not protecting the drill. The wear mechanisms of the uncoated carbide drill and coatings are discussed. It is believed that the 2-body and 3-body abrasive wear fail to explain the observed tool wear in CFRP drilling. However, the wear of the coatings and uncoated carbide substrate from tribo-meter tests correlated well with the tool wear in the CFRP drilling. Therefore, the tribo-meter test can be used to screen the prospective tool materials before carrying drilling experiment.     

湘江流域湘潭段水体中氨氮变化趋势的研究

对湘江流域湘潭段2001-2010年近10年来氨氮的污染状况、变化趋势、污染原因等进行分析.结果表明：2001-2010年,湘江湘潭段的氨氮污染虽有起伏变化,但仍呈显著上升趋势,2007年发展至顶峰,随后逐年下降;涟水湘潭段的氨氮污染值自2006年起呈不显著下降趋势;从2008年开始湘江流域湘潭段氨氮年均值未再超标.     

管道中湍流强度及湍流积分尺度随时间的变化研究

采用PIV技术对垂直方形管道内喷粉过程中气流产生的管道湍流实际强度进行了测量,得到喷粉过程中气流导致的管道湍流强度和湍流积分尺度随时间的变化曲线,进而对湍流积分尺度进行了试验测量和理论计算.结果表明:喷粉结束后湍流强度在水平方向上和垂直方向上随时间的变化都符合指数衰减规律;初始阶段湍流积分尺度随时间先快速增加,500 ms时(即喷粉结束的瞬间)达到最大值1.54 cm,此后湍流积分尺度随时间迅速衰减,800ms后仅为0.55 cm,且湍流积分尺度与湍流强度大小相关;湍流积分尺度理论计算值与试验实际测量值基本一致.该结果对定量分析湍流状态下粉尘燃烧爆炸试验具有重要的意义.     

有机沼液生物肥对蔬菜品质的影响研究

沼液经过充分发酵,其中富含多种作物所需的营养物质,因而宜作根外施肥,其效果优于化肥。在此基础上,筛选并复配PGPR根圈促生菌到沼液中,形成有机沼液生物肥。有机沼液生物肥是集营养、促生和生防为一体的多功能生物肥料。施用有机沼液生物肥辣椒果实维生素c含量达到了78．28mg／kg,比处理CK增加31％,可溶性糖含量提高32．4％。应用有机沼液生物肥番茄维生素c含量比对照增加46．6％,可溶性糖含量提高45％。施用有机沼液生物肥的黄瓜Vc含量比对照提高56．8％,可溶性糖含量提高84．2％。     

酸性水汽提及硫磺回收工艺的研究及应用研究

文章主要通过对酸性水气体及硫磺回收工艺特点的介绍与比选,着重分析“无在线炉硫磺回收及尾气处理工艺”（SSR）,其中硫回收为一段高温转化,二级催化转化的克劳斯工艺,尾气处理为加氢还原一吸收工艺,并介绍原辅材料成分及处理效率。该工艺能够有效解决石化企业的酸性气及酸水排放问题,具有良好的社会、环境效益显著。     

目标分解法在清洁生产中的应用

间苯二甲酸装置扩产改造后排污量增加较多,翻倍的排污量严重影响到装置发展,针对装置的排污问题,利用目标分解法查找关键原因并进行技术改造,改造后装置排污量大大减少,提高了装置的竞争力。