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841.
重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd在小麦中的富集特征 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
采用无土栽培法 ,以小麦为受试作物 ,通过对不同时期各器官重金属含量的变化 ,研究了重金属Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd在小麦中的富集与迁移特征。研究结果表明 ,在不同生长阶段小麦不同部位中重金属的含量有很大差异 ,总的来说 ,幼苗期重金属分布为 :根>茎>叶 ;成熟期分布为 :根>茎>叶>颖壳>籽实 ,而Zn在颖壳中会有较大富集。其中 ,根中重金属的富集系数的顺序为Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn;茎富集能力是Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb ;叶片富集能力是Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn;颖壳富集能力是Zn>Cu>Cd>Pb ;籽实的富集能力是Cu>Zn>Cd>Pb 相似文献
842.
843.
基于火电企业在线监测数据、环境统计数据、排污许可及火电排放清单等,分析各统计口径下的海南火电大气污染物排放量差异,并基于在线监测数据分析海南省火电排放时间变化规律.分别设置现状、排污许可及超低排放3种情景,采用CALPUFF模型分析3种情景下火电厂对海南大气环境的影响.结果显示,不同统计口径下火电厂各污染物排放量差异较大,最大差值可达到5.65倍;在时间维度上,海南省火电行业污染物排放量月际分布较平稳,每月污染物排放量约占全年的7%~10%,24h变化呈现明显“两峰两谷”特征.在大气环境影响方面,火电企业大气SO2、NOx、PM2.5、PM10浓度分布总体呈现西部高东部低的趋势.现状情景下火电企业对各城市年均浓度影响范围为SO2 0.001~0.015μg/m3、NOx 0~0.01μg/m3、PM10 0.001~0.006μg/m3、PM2.5 0~0.003μg/m3,最高浓度基本出现在东方市、临高县.火电厂对大气环境的影响程度为许可情景>现状情景>超低情景,执行排污许可时火电厂排放PM10和NOx对各城市均值年均浓度较现状情景分别增加50%和38%;全面实施超低排放后,火电厂对大气环境影响有明显改善,SO2和PM2.5对各城市均值年均浓度较现状情景分别降低57%和69%. 相似文献
844.
生物接触氧化法处理糕点行业废水试验性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用生物接触氧化法处理糕点行业废水,考察了生物接触氧化池的启动过程和提高负荷运行过程中的处理效果及其DO、进水COD浓度和温度对运行效果的影响。结果表明,生物接触氧化池启动快;稳定运行时,有效容积负荷可达到1.3KgCOD/(L.d),COD、BOD5、SS去除率可分别达到95%、98%、83%,出水达到GB8978-1996中的一级排放标准;DO为2.5mg/L时运行效果最佳;进水COD浓度对运行效果影响较大;温度下降对生物接触氧化池的运行效果影响较小。 相似文献
845.
846.
Clément Dumont Christopher M. Pearce Cathy Stazicker Yu Xin An Laurie Keddy 《Marine Biology》2006,149(2):365-378
A laboratory experiment was conducted in the winter of 2003–2004 to assess the effect of varying photoperiod regime on consumption rate, assimilation rate, absorption efficiency, and gonad development of the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Adult individuals were collected from the wild after they had been exposed to the ambient autumn photoperiod cue (which is the extraneous trigger thought to elicit gametogenesis in this species) and placed at ambient temperature for 12 weeks under five different photoperiod regimes: (1) 24 h light:0 h dark=“0D”, (2) 16 h light:8 h dark=“8D”, (3) 8 h light:16 h dark=“16D”, (4) 0 h light:24 h dark=“24D”, and (5) ambient photoperiod (range: 10.50–15.25 h dark). Urchins in these five treatments were fed ad libitum with bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana. A sixth treatment consisted of starved individuals held under 0D conditions. Various gonad factors including gonad index, percent gonad water, gonad colour (CIE lightness or L*, CIE hue or a*, and CIE chroma or b*), percent area occupation of the gonad by various cell types (nutritive phagocytes, spermatozoa, and secondary oocytes/ova), and stage of development were assessed at the beginning of the experiment and at weeks 4, 8, and 12 of the study. Consumption and assimilation rates were assessed at weeks 4 and 12 and absorption efficiency at week 12 of the experiment. Urchins were predominantly in the growing and premature stages at the beginning of the experiment, but by week 4 at least 20% of individuals in all treatments receiving food were classified as mature. Spawning occurred during all these treatments between weeks 4 and 8, as evidenced by significant decreases in spermatozoa and secondary oocytes/ova and a significant decrease in percent gonad water, but was not accompanied by major declines in gonad indices. Greater than 90% of individuals in all five of the fed treatments were in the recovering and growing stages at the end of the experiment. The 16D treatment had by far the greatest percentage of urchins in the growing stage. In contrast, individuals that were starved were predominantly in the mature stage at weeks 4, 8, and 12, with only ~30% reaching the spawning stage by the end of the experiment. Photoperiod significantly affected gonad indices at the termination of the experiment with gonad index being the highest in the 16D treatment; this was significantly greater than in the 8D and ambient treatments. Photoperiod did not significantly affect gonad percent water, gonad lightness, or gonad hue. Gonad chroma was significantly affected by photoperiod, urchins held under ambient conditions having significantly lower b* readings than individuals in any other treatment. Photoperiod had little or no affect on consumption rate, assimilation rate, or absorption efficiency. Thus, differences among treatments in regards to gonad index, gonad chroma, and stage of development cannot be attributed to variations in feeding, absorption, or assimilation. The results of this experiment indicate that once gametogenesis is initiated, photoperiod manipulation cannot prevent ultimate spawning. However, photoperiod regime can affect the rate at which urchins move through the various stages of the gametogenic cycle. Urchins placed on short days under artificial lighting (16D) moved through the spawning stage into recovering and growing stages the fastest. This photoperiod regime also produced the highest gonad index at the end of the experiment. Since the commercial urchin market prefers large gonads in the growing and premature stages (i.e. before the mature stage is reached and gonads start leaking sperm and eggs), short day-lengths under artificial lighting (16D) appear to be the best photoperiod conditions for optimizing marketability. 相似文献
847.
848.
水样品中重碳酸根离子排斥色谱法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文研究了用离子排斥色谱法分析了水样品中重碳酸根的最佳色谱条件,分离方式和流动相的选择,样品溶液pH值与峰高的关系,实验结果显示,该方法具有简便,用样量少,灵敏度高于和干扰少等优点,测量下限为0.12μg.ml^-1HCO^-3在1-10μg.m^-1和10-100μg.ml^-1浓度范围内,HCO3浓度与峰高的线性相关系数在0.995以上,该方法用于自来水和油田水样品的分析获得较好的结果。 相似文献
849.
用马尔柯夫模型预测马尾松低效林改造恢复过程 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
运用马尔柯夫模型对四川盆地马尾松低效林改造恢复过程中林分各层次盖度、多样性指数和灌木层物种组成的变化趋势进行了预测.结果表明:马尔柯夫模型可适用于退化森林生态系统人工恢复重建过程的研究;四川盆地马尾松低效林可以自然恢复,但采用封育补植措施则能加快恢复进程.对马尔柯夫模型及预测结果进行了讨论. 相似文献
850.