Effect of bamboo biochar on reducing grain cadmium content in two contrasting wheat genotypes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Wheat is the second most important food crop worldwide, which is prone to accumulate cadmium (Cd). Accumulation of Cd in wheat grains depends not only...     

Adsorption performance and mechanisms of mercaptans removal from gasoline oil using core-shell AC-based adsorbents

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sulfur compound detection such as mercaptans in liquid fuels is undesirable because sulfur is the main sourcing emission of sulfur oxide (SOx) into...     

Contribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria to nitrification under different biogeochemical factors in acidic soils

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrification in soils is an essential process that involves archaeal and bacterial ammonia-oxidizers. Despite its importance, the relative...     

The effect of salinity on waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation and kinetic analysis

The effect of salinity on sludge alkaline fermentation at low temperature(20°C) was investigated, and a kinetic analysis was performed. Different doses of sodium chloride(Na Cl, 0–25 g/L) were added into the fermentation system. The batch-mode results showed that the soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD) increased with salinity. The hydrolysate(soluble protein, polysaccharide) and the acidification products(short chain fatty acids(SCFAs), NH+4–N, and PO_4~(3-)–P) increased with salinity initially, but slightly declined respectively at higher level salinity(20 g/L or 20–25 g/L). However, the hydrolytic acidification performance increased in the presence of salt compared to that without salt.Furthermore, the results of Haldane inhibition kinetics analysis showed that the salt enhanced the hydrolysis rate of particulate organic matter from sludge particulate and the specific utilization of hydrolysate, and decreased the specific utilization of SCFAs. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis indicated that the importance of polysaccharide on the accumulation of SCFAs was reduced with salt addition, but the importance of protein and NH+4–N on SCFA accumulation was increased.     

Mesopolymer modified with palladium phthalocyaninesulfonate as a versatile photocatalyst for phenol and bisphenol A degradation under visible light irradiation

A novel versatile photocatalyst, FDU-PdPcS, was prepared by immobilizing palladium phthalocyaninesulfonate (PdPcS) onto the FDU-15 mesopolymer via multi-step chemical modification processes involving chloromethylation of the FDU-15 mesopolymer first with chloromethyl methyl ether, a subsequent amination reaction with ethylenediamine, and finally modification with palladium phthalocyaninesulfonate via ionic interaction. The obtained FDU-PdPcS photocatalyst was characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrosopy and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) techniques. This photocatalyst not only affords a high dispersion of monomeric PdPcS molecules, which may further be stabilized by the π-electron of benzene rings of FDU-15, but also provides a number of diamino groups inside the mesopores, which could be advantageous for the photodegradation of phenolic pollutants. In photodegradation studies of phenolic pollutants, the FDU-PdPcS catalyst exhibited excellent visible light photocatalytic activity and reusability. The photodegradation products of phenol and bisphenol A were investigated by the gas chromatoghraphy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The results showed that the photodegradation products were composed of carboxylic acids and CO2. Isopropanol, sodium azide and benzoquinone were used as hydroxyl radical (OH.), singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide radical (O2.-) scavengers, respectively. The results suggested that 1O2 and O2. were the prominent active species during the photodegradation process. A possible mechanism for the photodegradation of phenol was also discussed.     

云南省清洁发展机制项目潜力调研

清洁发展机制（CDM）的实施能使区域经济获得生态环境保护与经济发展“双赢”。云南尚有很大的CDM项目潜力。结合项目背景和国内外发展状况，通过调查数据整理和案例研究，对促进云南省CDM项目实施提出对策建议。     

CeCl3/活性炭纤维去除模拟烟气中单质汞的实验研究

运用等量浸渍法制备了一系列CeCl3/ACF去除剂,研究了不同负载量、不同温度和不同烟气成分对其脱汞效果的影响,并采用BET和XRD 等手段对去除剂的理化性质进行了表征.结果表明,负载CeCl3后显著改善了活性碳纤维的脱汞能力,在本实验条件下,CeCl3的最佳负载量为5%(质量分数);当反应温度低于140°C时,去除剂的脱汞效率随着温度的升高而升高,当反应温度超过140°C后,去除效率随温度的升高而下降; 通过考察NO、SO2和水蒸气对ACF脱汞效果的影响发现,NO对单质汞脱除具有一定的促进作用,不同浓度的NO与单质汞的脱除效率之间存在正相关关系;SO2对单质汞的脱除具有抑制作用,且脱除效率随着SO2浓度的增加而下降;水蒸气对单质汞的脱除具有阻碍作用.     

南极菲尔德斯半岛植被土壤N2O排放特征

应用密闭箱法首次测定了南极菲尔德斯半岛苔藓、地衣植被土壤N2O的排放通量,并估算了该半岛植被区土壤在夏季2个月内N₂O的排放总量.结果表明:在晴天和雨天,苔藓土壤N₂O的排放通量与温度有较好的响应关系,呈现单峰型变化趋势;但在雪天,与温度的变化不一致;苔藓、地衣这2种不同的植被土壤N2O排放通量日变化基本一致;温度是影响苔藓土壤N2O的排放通量季节变化的主要因子,同时还受降水的影响,干湿交替有利于N2O的排放;苔藓土壤N₂O的排放总量为3.7152kg;地衣土壤N₂O的排放总量为2.5344kg.由此可见,南极菲尔德斯半岛苔藓、地衣植被土壤N₂O排放量虽然很小,但仍起着大气N₂O源的作用.     

化学还原氧化石墨烯修饰PbO2电极及催化降解酸性红G

为了提高Ti/PbO₂电极的稳定性与催化氧化能力,将化学还原氧化石墨烯（RGO）以共沉积的方法修饰于β-PbO₂层.通过扫描电镜（SEM）,X射线衍射仪（XRD）,循环伏安法（CV）,电化学交流阻抗（EIS）,产羟基自由基（·OH）能力,强化寿命等测试方法对电极性能进行表征,并以酸性红G（ARG）为目标降解物,评估PbO₂-RGO电极的催化效果.结果表明,电极经RGO改性后晶型仍为β-PbO₂,析氧过电位由1.60V升至1.83V,膜阻抗由144 Ω/cm²降至16.2 Ω/cm²,强化寿命提升了43.6%.通过ARG降解实验表明,改性后的PbO₂-RGO电极催化性能均有所提高,其中PbO₂-RGO（0.05）电极具有最优的催化能力,120min内对ARG的脱色率可达到98.5%,同时对COD的去除率可达76.89%.     

生物监测在跨界河流中的应用进展

综合分析了生物监测在跨界河流流经国家间的协调管理、生物类群的选择以及监测技术的选择方面所面临的问题;选择欧洲多瑙河、亚洲湄公河以及非洲尼日尔河等跨界河流作为典型案例,对比分析使用不同生物类群(例如底栖动物、浮游藻类以及鱼类)进行跨界河流生物监测的技术方法,阐述了跨界生物监测项目中的资金来源、管理办法和运行机制等;并对未来的跨界河流生物监测提出建议,以期为中国的跨界河流生物监测提供实践依据。