利用微型动物削减剩余污泥量的研究

在污水的好氧生物处理过程中会产生大量的剩余污泥。污泥的浓缩、脱水、处理和处置需要花费大量的人力和物力 ,而且如果处置不当 ,很容易对环境造成二次污染。因此 ,最大限度减少剩余污泥的排放成为人们关注的问题。根据生态学的理论 ,加强微型动物对细菌的捕食作用 ,可使能量在从低营养级向高营养级传递过程中有一定的损失 ,同时污泥量得以减少。应用两段式生物反应器或者直接向曝气池中投加微型动物均可达到此目的。本文详细地介绍了这两种方法 ,讨论了各自的优点和不足 ,并指出了未来的发展方向     

论可持续发展的基本组织单元和层次体系

在可持续发展的实践中，选择合适的基本组织单元和建立适当的管理层次体系非常重要。本文在论述各种区域划分类型的基础上，提出可持续发展的基本组织单元应以行政功能区划为主，选择市（带县）作为可持续发展的基本组织单元，同时要兼顾经济因素和自然因素；在我国以国家、省、市（带县）作为可持续发展实践的三级体系较为适宜；并论述了区域内部和外部的调控和优化     

Estimation of annual potential evapotranspiration at regional scale based on the effect of moisture on soil respiration

Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is an important component of water cycle. For traditional models derived from the principle of aerodynamics and the surface energy balance, its calculation always includes many parameters, such as net radiation, water vapor pressure, air temperature and wind speed. We found that it can be acquired in an easier way in specific regions. In this study, a new PET model (PETP model) derived from two empirical models of soil respiration was evaluated using the Penman-Monteith equation as a standard method. The results indicate that the PETP model estimation concur with the Penman-Monteith equation in sites where annual precipitation ranges from 717.71 mm to 1727.37 mm (R² = 0.68, p = 0.0002), but show large discrepancies in all sites (R² = 0.07, p = 0.1280). Then we applied our PETP model at the global scale to the regions with precipitation higher than 700 mm using 2.5° CMAP data to obtain the annual PET for 2006. As expected, the spatial pattern is satisfactory overall, with the highest PET values distributed in the lower latitudes or coastal regions, and with an average of 1292.60 ± 540.15 mm year⁻¹. This PETP model provides a convenient approach to estimate PET at regional scales.     

继电保护省、地一体化整定计算关键技术研究

为了提高整定计算工作的效率和正确性,采用图形建模方式、分层加载模型技术和快速整定计算新方法,研究开发了一套继电保护省、地一体化整定计算系统。有效地保证了两级电网应用的安全。应用结果表明:该系统规范了宁夏区调继电保护信息管理工作,为实现多级电网联合整定计算提供了技术支持。     

Mining disturbance effect and mining arrangements analysis of near-fault mining in high tectonic stress region

Dynamic disasters can be easily induced by mining disturbance in the tectonic stress concentration region near the fault. Based on the fault Coulomb failure stress criterion, a dynamic Coulomb failure stress increment model is established for quantitative assessment of mining disturbance effect. Furthermore, the disturbance effects of two possible working face arrangements near the same fault are compared by using the proposed dynamic Coulomb failure stress model and numerical method. The results show that Coulomb failure stress increment, as a comprehensive mechanical parameter, can well reflect the mining disturbance to the stress environment of fault. The disturbance effect on the fault in the case of the working face perpendicular to fault is much less than that of the working face parallel to fault, therefore the dynamic disaster risk induced by the former arrangement is much lower.     

B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢性能评价探讨

磷化氢是粮食仓储企业使用效果最好的杀虫剂,是一种剧毒的气体熏蒸剂。所以对于从业人员来讲,安全防护就显得格外重要。长期以来粮食仓储企业一直使用自吸过滤式防毒面具(配套选用B类滤毒罐)为首选器材。近期业内对B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢的有效性提出质疑,为此,本文通过性能评价试验,说明B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢是有效的,并从理论上说明B类滤毒罐防护磷化氢是有科学依据的。     

难以忘怀的鱼水情

1976年7月28日凌晨,举世罕见的唐山大地震发生了。从此,每年到“7．28”这天,我都不由自主的想起那段难以忘怀的军民鱼水深情。     

Experimental and numerical investigations of the effect of imbricated gravel structures on flow and solute transport in a highly heterogeneous alluvial-proluvial fan aquifer,SW China

Environmental Fluid Mechanics - An alluvial-proluvial fan (APF) has heterogeneous characteristics, which result in the development of imbricated gravel channel networks formed by flow erosion. In...     

中国老年人驾车安全问题及其对策

随着中国进入老龄化社会,老年驾驶员数量将持续增加,这给交通安全带来了新的问题。为保障老年驾驶员的交通安全,在分析老年人生理和心理特征以及老年驾驶员交通事故特点的基础上,提出了适合中国国情的老年驾驶员驾车安全对策。     

关于加强我国企业环境保护审计工作的探讨

介绍了企业环境保护审计工作的现状，指出环保部门与审计部门联合是企业环境保护审计开展的关键，并提出开展企业环境保护审计工作的意义和相关建议。