Validating the effects of the environmental regulation compliance scale: evidence from the Nigerian oil and gas industry

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Growing environmental deterioration has caused many countries to tighten their environmental regulations across the globe. Recent studies show that...     

Removal of hexavalent chromium from contaminated waters by ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling

Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the removal of hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ)) from aqueous solutions using ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling.The results show that the reduction rate of Cr(Ⅵ) by ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling was significantly faster than that by ball milling or ultrasound treatment alone,and an initial Cr(Ⅵ) concentration of 166 mg/L could be decreased to 0.35 mg/L at 120 min.The decisive factors, including initial concentration of Cr(Ⅵ), p H value, ultrasonic frequency and filling gas, were studied. It was found that the optimal ultrasonic frequency for ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling device was 20 k Hz, and the rate of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction as a function of filling gas followed the order: Ar air N_2 O_2. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, fluorescence measurements, atomic absorption and the diphenylcarbazide colorimetric method. The Cr(Ⅵ) transformed into a precipitate that could be removed from the contaminated water, after which the water could be reused.     

Energy metabolism and thermoregulation in reindeer during early postnatal development

The interrelations of body weight, energy metabolism, and physiological parameters in the early postnatal development of reindeer are analyzed. It is shown that the dependence of energy expenditure at rest and oxygen utilization coefficient on body weight is described by a parabolic equation of the second order. At high ambient temperatures during the summer season, energy metabolism in the young decreases, heat emission by respiration increases, and the temperature homeostasis is disturbed.     

污泥、皂素抽提物(纤维渣)作为花卉培养基质的实验研究

利用污水处理厂的生化污泥、皂素抽余物为主要原料,配合珍珠岩进行改性和调理,研发出一种新型的花卉栽培基质,解决黄姜皂素生产中产生的固体废弃物的污染问题,并为污泥应用于园林提供参考和依据.结果表明:污泥、纤维渣为主要成分的混合基质替代泥炭是完全可行的,最佳配比为处理4(污泥:纤维渣:珍珠岩=50%:30%:20%)和处理5(污泥:纤维渣:珍珠岩=60%:20%:20%).     

Reactions to psychological contract breach: a dual perspective

This study examined reactions to psychological contract breach from two separate perspectives, that is, employee's reactions to perceptions of employer breach and supervisor's reactions to perceptions of employee breach of the psychological contract. In addition to the main effects, we also hypothesized that the benevolence (or kindness) of the supervisor and the traditional values (or respect for authority) of the employee would attenuate the negative effects of psychological contract breach. We tested these hypotheses with a sample of 273 supervisor‐subordinate dyads from the People's Republic of China. The results showed that employer breach correlated negatively with employee outcomes of organizational commitment (OC), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and work performance, but this negative relationship was weaker for employees with traditional values. The results also demonstrated that employee breach correlated negatively with responses from the supervisor, in terms of the mentoring provided to the employee and the leader‐member exchange (LMX) quality. However, more benevolent supervisors reacted less negatively in terms of the mentoring than did the less benevolent supervisors. Implications for future research are offered. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

长江中游地区贫困村空间分异研究

以长江中游地区的湖北省、湖南省以及江西省在十三五规划当中所涉及的贫困村为研究对象，采用核密度分析、最近邻指数以及空间自相关等空间统计法，对贫困村的数量、空间分布密度及模式、垂直梯度分异等特征进行了分析。结果表明：（1）长江中游地区贫困村省际分布有所不同。数量上湖南省>湖北省>江西省，并且同时存在典型的“平原型”贫困村和“山区型”贫困村，且在省域、国贫县、省贫县、非贫县、城市圈等多级尺度下的数量特征不同；（2）在城市群或者城市圈内，贫困村分布呈现低值集聚，而省域交界处的山区多为贫困村分布的高值集聚区；在巫山、雪峰山和武陵山的贫困连片分布区，贫困村多呈均匀型分布；在江汉平原地区，出现显著的集聚型分布；（3）贫困村的垂直空间分异显著。贫困村主要分布在海拔<200 m的平原地区，随着海拔的升高，数量不断减少。研究有利于更好地认知和理解长江中游地区的贫困村空间格局，实施更为科学的“精准扶贫”战略。