顺丁橡胶装置技术改造的环境保护设计

介绍了顺丁橡胶装置技术改造的环境保护设计和设计原则，以及污染物的治理措施。     

Remediation of soil heavily polluted with polychlorinated biphenyls using a low-temperature plasma technique

Polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） were removed by low-temperature plasma technique （dielectric barrier discharge） from heavily polluted soil and their intermediate products were analyzed. The removal rate ranged from 40.1 to 84.6% by different treatments, and they were also influenced significantly （P 〈 0.01） by soil particle-size, electric power, gas flow rate and reaction time. The optimal reaction conditions of PCB removal from the soil were obtained experimentally when soil particle-size, electrical power, flow rate and reaction time were 5-10mm, 21w, 120mL. rain and 90rain, respectively. However, decreasing electrical power, flow rate and reaction time to 18 w, 60 mL. min- and 60 min respectively were also acceptable in view of the cost of remediation. This technique was characterized by the additional advantage of thorough oxidation of PCBs in the soil, with no formation of intermediate products after reaction. The technique therefore shows some promise for application in the remediation of soils contaminated with persistent organic pollutants in brown field sites in urban areas.     

石化生产装置应急预案的编制与演练

石油化工生产过程所使用的原料、中间体和产品绝大多数具有易燃易爆、有毒有害、腐蚀性强等危害,且具有生产过程工艺复杂、工艺条件苛刻、生产规模大型化、生产过程连续性强等特点。     

Long-term exposure to air pollution and cerebrovascular disease: findings from Beijing Health Management Cohort study

● This study explored the long-term association by double robust additive models. ● Individual exposure concentrations were assessed by integrating GAM, LUR and BPNN. ● PM_2.5, SO₂ and NO₂ are positively associated with cerebrovascular disease. ● CO could reduce the risk of cerebrovascular disease with the highest robustness. ● The elderly, women and people with normal BMI are at higher risk for air pollution. The relationship between air pollution and cerebrovascular disease has become a popular topic, yet research findings are highly heterogeneous. This study aims to investigate this association based on detailed individual health data and a precise evaluation of their exposure levels. The integrated models of generalized additive model, land use regression model and back propagation neural network were used to evaluate the exposure concentrations. And doubly robust additive model was conducted to explore the association between cerebrovascular disease and air pollution after adjusted for demographic characteristics, physical examination, disease information, geographic and socioeconomic status. A total of 25097 subjects were included in the Beijing Health Management Cohort from 2013 to 2018. With a 1 μg/m³ increase in the concentrations of PM_2.5, SO₂ and NO₂, the incidence risk of cerebrovascular disease increased by 1.02 (95% CI: 1.008–1.034), 1.06 (95% CI: 1.034–1.095) and 1.02 (95% CI: 1.010–1.029) respectively. Whereas CO exposure could decrease the risk, with an odds ratio of 0.38 (95% CI: 0.212–0.626). In the subgroup analysis, individuals under the age of 50 with normal BMI were at higher risk caused by PM_2.5, and SO₂ was considered more hazardous to women. Meanwhile, the protective effect of CO on women and those with normal BMI was stronger. Successful reduction of long-term exposure to PM_2.5, SO₂ and NO₂ would lead to substantial benefits for decrease the risk of cerebrovascular disease especially for the health of the susceptible individuals.     

中西部三城市降水化学特征及变化趋势比较分析

在以往的文献中,多见对某个城市或地区一段时间内的降水化学特征的分析研究,少见对多个城市连续多年的降水化学特征的比较分析,文章对三个城市降水的变化特征、离子组分及变化趋势进行了比较分析,结果表明,中西部城市酸雨污染呈现不同类型,郑州为非酸雨区,成都市、长沙市两个城市为酸雨区,酸雨强度:长沙＞成都＞郑州,酸雨污染正在逐步改善;中西部城市降水化学组成呈现基本相同的特征,阴离子的含量最大的离子为SO42-,阳离子的含量最大的前两项离子为NH4 和Ca2 ,降水总离子浓度的变化趋势是成都为上升趋势、郑州无明显趋势、长沙为下降趋势;中西部城市污染类型正在由燃煤型污染向混合型污染转变;酸雨的形成受多种因素影响,不能确认酸雨城市比非酸雨城市空气污染严重.     

膨胀颗粒污泥床-接触氧化法处理棕榈油废水

采用膨胀颗粒污泥床（EGSB）-接触氧化工艺处理棕榈油废水。考察了该工艺对废水COD、固体悬浮物（SS）、有机氮等的去除效果,关键工艺参数,同时探讨了盐浓度对废水生物处理效果的影响。实验结果表明,该组合工艺COD去除率高于95％,BOD,和SS去除率均高于98％,油脂去除率高于90％,有机氮去除率82％,处理后的出水满足马来西亚回灌水国家标准。因出水中含大量的钾,将其用于农田灌溉时,不仅可减少肥料的用量,而且可减少对环境的污染。     

油气长输管道工程环境影响评价特点浅析

文章介绍了长输管道工程建设内容,重点论述长输管道工程特点以及对环境影响的特点,提出环境影响评价的重点和评价方法,并对目前该类建设项目环境影响评价中存在的问题提出改进建议。     

3M测试片法在膜法水处理技术中的应用

采用3M测试片法测定膜法水处理系统的细菌总数,找出双膜系统的微生物污染环节,并采用正交实验筛选出适宜的杀菌剂种类、杀菌剂加入量和杀菌时间。实验结果表明：3M测试片法的测定结果数据准确可靠,且操作简便,节省时间,可以替代常规的平皿培养法用于评价膜的微生物污染情况;某炼化公司双膜系统的反渗透膜已受到微生物的污染,确定的适宜杀菌条件为杀菌剂Trsea 380、杀菌剂加入量50 mg/L、杀菌时间2.0 h,在此条件下杀菌率可达100%。     

江西省二(噁)英类POPs污染现状与防治对策

为掌握我省二噁英类POPs排放情况,减轻其污染对人体健康和生态环境的危害,全省环保部门积极联动,深入水泥生产、遗体火化、制浆造纸等多种行业进行调查。本文详细阐述了排放源清单的形成、调查方法、调查对象、污染源现状及存在的问题,提出了若干防治对策。