温度对高负荷生态滤床处理东营市河道水的影响

采用生态滤床对东营市高氯(咸水)河道水进行处理研究,水力负荷控制为5~7 m3/(m2·h)(高出国家标准近5倍),探究不同温度对高负荷生态滤床污染物去除效率的影响。研究结果表明,水温在4~32℃范围内,温度对生态滤床COD、NH4+-N和TP去除率影响较少,污染物去除率较高,验证了势能增氧生态滤床在高氯条件下良好的净化效果。但温度对进水TN浓度影响较大,导致生态滤床对TN去除效果不稳定,推断主要原因是,溶解氧浓度较高和碳源供应不足抑制了反硝化细菌的反硝化反应。     

数值模拟滤袋长度对除尘器流场及粉尘沉降的影响

利用数值模拟方法,探究袋式除尘器中圆筒滤袋改为褶皱滤袋后,滤袋长度变化对除尘器内部流场及粉尘在灰斗中沉降的影响。结果表明：圆筒滤袋改为褶皱滤袋可显著降低系统阻力,有利于系统节能;下进风式除尘器箱体中,滤袋越短除尘器内部的气流分布越不均匀,气流易在除尘器箱体空间及灰斗中产生涡旋,除尘器内部远离进风口一侧的滤袋会承担更多风量并受到高速气流冲击;在袋长(L)分别为3、4、5、6 m的除尘器内,粉尘在灰斗中沉降率(η) 为η(L=5 m)>η(L=4 m)>η(L=3 m)＞η(L=6 m)。这表明袋底距入口太近不利于粉尘沉降,粉尘直接运动至滤袋,反而会增加滤袋的过滤负担,故滤袋长度L=5 m时粉尘在灰斗中的沉降率最佳。然而,进一步降低滤袋长度不能提高粉尘的沉降率,滤袋渗透率越大,除尘器内部流场速度分布越均匀,粉尘更易沉降至灰斗。本研究结果可为下进风袋式除尘器的袋长设计提供参考。     

Relationship between physicochemical properties and dewaterability of hydrothermal sludge derived from different source

Sewage sludge (SS) and deinking sludge (DS) were used to comparatively study the hydrothermal dewatering of sludge with different components. For a better overview, an insight into the relationship between physicochemical properties and dewaterability of hydrothermal sludge was provided. Results found that not all kinds of sludge were suitably conditioned by hydrothermal treatment (HT) in term of the elevation of dewaterability. Higher hydrothermal temperature tended to enhance the dewaterability of SS rather than DS, which was supported by the variation of their physicochemical properties (including water distribution, bonding energy, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), particles size, acid functional groups and zeta potential in this study). In addition, the changes in surface morphology suggested that the reverse effect of HT on sludge dewaterability was mainly due to their dewatering behavior. For SS, the destruction of EPS structure leaded to the release of bound water, thereby strengthening sludge dewatering. Conversely, “Bridging effect” generated by lignocellulose in DS was beneficial for sludge dewatering; however, the increasing hydrothermal temperature degraded part of lignocellulose and weakened “bridging effect”, finally resulting in worse dewaterability of DS.     

珠江河网水产品中菊酯类农药残留调查及健康风险评价

2012年8月在珠江河网采集水产品样品(13种鱼,4种虾和2种贝),采用超声波提取-气相色谱法对样品中菊酯类农药(PYRs)进行残留检测,并对鱼类PYRs暴露水平进行健康风险评价。结果显示,鱼类肌肉、虾类和贝类中PYRs质量分数分别介于ND~3.05μg·kg-1、0.05~1.13μg·kg-1和0.69~1.20μg·kg-1(ND为未检出,以湿重计),平均值分别为0.90μg·kg-1、0.41μg·kg-1和0.99μg·kg-1。虾类和贝类中PYRs的检出率均很高,除联苯菊酯在虾类体内检出率为75%外,其他菊酯均为100%,鱼类肌肉中氯菊酯检出率最高,达到100%。氯菊酯在鱼类肌肉和贝类中的检出量最高,分别占总菊酯质量分数的52.2%和55.4%,溴氰菊酯在虾类中检出量最高,分别占总菊酯质量分数的33.0%;对居民通过食物摄入的PYRs进行食用暴露风险评估,结果表明,珠江河网水产品中PYRs人体健康危害的年总风险评价介于3.96×10-13~1.21×10-10a-1,水产品的安全消费量为5.54×104kg·d-1,水产品中的PYRs的健康危险风险很小。     

江苏省空气质量预报准确度及改进方法分析

介绍了江苏省重污染天气监测预报预警系统以及大气重污染预警会商流程,将2015年13个地级市的模式预报、人工预报结果分别与实际观测值进行比较。结果表明:人工预报更准确,PM_(2.5)日均值、臭氧日最大8 h平均值、AQI 3个指标人工预报和实况的相关性分别比模式预报高出12.8%、0.3%、11.4%,平均标准误差(MNE)分别低20.7%、3.1%、23.1%。依据国家空气质量预报技术指南评分办法,对各市2015年全年空气质量级别为"良"时进行评分。通过开展07∶00预报更新,使2015年上半年空气质量预报级别得分平均提高了0.9分,全年级别得分平均提高了2.6分;通过改进模式预报参数,使PM_(2.5)日均预报值、臭氧日最大8 h平均预报值、AQI预报值和实际观测值的相关性比上年同期分别提高26.0%、5.0%、33.9%,MNE分别降低3.6%、31.3%、7.6%。     

浅析温室效应及控制对策

由于近年来人口激增、人类活动频繁,矿物燃料用量猛增,再加上森林植被破坏,大气中的温室气体含量不断增加,造成了温室效应加剧,将会导致全球变暖,海平面升高,给生态环境及人类健康等多方面带来影响。只有设法减少燃料的使用量,开发新能源,广泛植树造林,禁止砍伐森林,有效地控制人口,才能减缓温室效应的加剧。     

Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of pentachlorophenol in aqueous solution using a TiO2 nanotube film electrode

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube film electrodes are fabricated by the anodic oxidation method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that these tubes were well aligned and organized into high-density uniform arrays. XRD analysis showed the TiO2 nanotubes to be in the anatase crystal form. The TiO2 nanotube film electrode exhibited increased photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) capability compared to a traditional TiO2 film electrode fabricated using the anodizing method for pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation in aqueous solution. The bias potential, pH value, and electrolyte concentration were shown to be important factors influencing the degradation of PCP by the PEC method using the TiO2 nanotube film electrode as the working electrode.     

试论国有矿山企业档案管理的特征

以国有矿山企业档案建设为依托,系统分析了企业档案管理的现状与特征,提出了档案管理与建设的发展方向,进一步加快矿山企业档案管理与建设步伐,以促进矿山企业现代化建设.     

旋转式滗水器设计的动力学计算

在对旋转式滗水器进行了水力学和运动学计算的基础上，对旋转式滗水器进行了动力学计算，给出了其动力学计算公式，与水力学和运动学计算公式一起，共同给出了旋转式滗水器完整的设计计算公式。     

应急管理地理信息系统设计及实现

介绍了面向石油化工企业的应急管理地理信息系统的功能设计及实现,利用遥感影像配合矢量图实现地理信息支撑平台,满足企业日常安全管理和应急响应过程中地图浏览、查询定位、空间分析、事故影响范围模拟计算及可视化展示、专题图及属性浏览、动态信息集成等功能需要。