树脂吸附法处理分散蓝NKF脱磺母液

对NDA－9大孔吸附树脂吸附法处理分散蓝NKF生产过程中产生的脱磺母液（废水）进行了研究。在试验条件下，废水经吸附处理后COD由7500mg/L以上降至700mg/L以下，去除率达90％以上，树脂的脱附率大于98％。吸附出水经Fenton试剂氧化处理后，出水COD降至100mg/L以下，去除率达98％以上。     

北方半干旱黄土丘陵区的农村能源建设

“七·五”期间，宁夏西吉县是半干旱黄土丘陵区域农村能源综合建设试点县．多年的综合建设有效地缓解了农村能源紧缺，促进了农村经济的发展．本文通过综合建设的后效应跟踪调查结果表明，在市场经济条件下，农村经济的发展已走向了不同层次，认为今后农村能源建设的基本路子应分三步走，逐步使农村能源真正成为产业，其生产、供应、服务均实现现代化．     

ToxTell生物传感器在Cu2+、Zn2+冲击活性污泥系统分析中的应用

探讨了不同浓度Cu2+及Cu2+和Zn2+联合对活性污泥系统CODCr去除的影响,并采用ToxTell生物传感器,以活性污泥为指示微生物,分析了上述金属离子的毒性抑制作用.结果表明,Cu2+浓度为5mg·L-1时,其对活性污泥工艺CODCr去除存在一定的促进作用,随着Cu2+浓度的增加,其对CODCr的去除的抑制作用逐渐增强;Cu2+及Cu2+和Zn2+对活性污泥系统在抑制时间为1.5h时达到最大抑制状态,但随着曝气时间的延长,CODCr去除率呈逐渐上升趋势.ToxTell生物传感器对Cu2+和Zn2+的混合毒性具有良好的分析性能,其毒性分析结果与活性污泥工艺中CODCr的去除抑制率具有良好的一致性,初步证实该生物传感器能很好地用于活性污泥处理系统受Cu2+和Zn2+冲击的预警监测.     

微波辅助HNO3改性竹炭对Cu2+的吸附性能

以竹炭为原料,采用HNO3(NA)作为改性药剂,通过微波辅助加热的方法对竹炭进行改性;运用Boehm滴定、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子能谱(EDAX)和红外光谱(FTIR)对改性竹炭进行了表征;考察了pH、时间、温度和离子强度等对改性竹炭吸附Cu2+的影响.研究结果表明,微波辅助硝酸改性使得竹炭表面的羧基、酚羟基、内酯基等酸性含氧官能团的数量有所增加;改性竹炭对Cu2+吸附更符合Langmuir等温方程,吸附为自发的吸热过程;吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程;溶液离子强度增大不利于其对Cu2+的吸附.     

污泥基活性炭吸附Cu（2＋）的应用研究

以城市污水处理厂剩余污泥为原料,以ZnCl2为活化剂制取污泥基活性炭。以此污泥基活性炭为吸附剂,对含Cu2＋的废水进行了吸附实验研究。考察了溶液pH值、Cu2＋的起始浓度对Cu2＋离子吸附量的影响;利用等温吸附实验作出吸附等温线,并考察了污泥基活性炭吸附剂吸附Cu2＋的动力学方程。实验结果表明,污泥基活性炭对Cu2＋具有良好的吸附性能。吸附的最佳pH值为5;吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程,吸附为优惠吸附,吸附量随着吸附质溶液浓度的增加而增大;吸附平衡时间为4 h,吸附动力学符合二级动力学方程。     

Preparation,characterization, and photocatalytic activity evaluation of Fe–N-codoped TiO2/fly ash cenospheres floating photocatalyst

Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and Fe–N-codoped TiO₂ layers on fly ash cenospheres (FAC) as floating photocatalyst were successfully prepared through sol–gel method. Photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet (UV)–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and nitrogen adsorption analyses for Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area. Photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared catalyst was evaluated through using the decomposition of Rhodamine B (RhB) as a model compound under visible light irradiation. Photocatalytic activity and kinetics of catalyst under visible light were detected in details from different Fe/Ti mole ratios by detecting photodegradation of RhB. Experimental results show that when the calcination temperature was 550 °C, the dosage of FAC was 3.0 g, and the mole ratio of Fe/Ti was 0.71 %; the synthesized Fe–N-TiO₂/FAC photocatalyst presented as anatase phase and that N and Fe ions were doped into TiO₂ lattice. The material’s specific surface area was 34.027 m²/g, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows that the edge of the photon absorption has been red shifted up to 400–500 nm. Fe–N-codoped titanium dioxide on FAC had excellent photocatalytic activity during the process of photodegradation of RhB under visible light irradiation.

     

石油降解菌的细胞表面疏水特性研究

实验采用从受污染水体分离出的6株石油降解菌D3、T4、R4、T1、D4和R3,对石油菌细胞表面疏水性的测定方法进行了研究并分析了环境因子对细胞表面疏水性的影响。结果表明,在采用葡萄糖培养基测定的细胞表面疏水率误差最小,最优的菌悬液与二甲苯的比值为4∶1.5;细胞表面疏水率在高盐度条件下会下降,初始pH在中性环境时数值最高,温度在25℃时疏水性最好。对比表面疏水率与柴油降解率随时间的变化得出细胞表面疏水性与柴油降解率具有一定的相关性,细胞表面疏水率在培养3 d之后基本趋于稳定。     

Visible-light-driven heterostructured g-C3N4/Bi-TiO2 floating photocatalyst with enhanced charge carrier separation for photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa

• Bi doping in TiO₂ enhanced the separation of photo-generated electron-hole. • The performance of photocatalytic degradation of MC-LR was improved. • Coexisting substances have no influence on algal removal performance. • The key reactive oxygen species were h⁺ and ^•OH in the photocatalytic process. The increase in occurrence and severity of cyanobacteria blooms is causing increasing concern; moreover, human and animal health is affected by the toxic effects of Microcystin-LR released into the water. In this paper, a floating photocatalyst for the photocatalytic inactivation of the harmful algae Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) was prepared using a simple sol-gel method, i.e., coating g-C₃N₄ coupled with Bi-doped TiO₂ on Al₂O₃-modified expanded perlite (CBTA for short). The impact of different molar ratios of Bi/Ti on CBTA was considered. The results indicated that Bi doping in TiO₂ inhibited photogenerated electron-hole pair recombination. With 6 h of visible light illumination, 75.9% of M. aeruginosa (initial concentration= 2.7 × 10⁶ cells/L) and 83.7% of Microcystin-LR (initial concentration= 100 μg/L) could be removed with the addition of 2 g/L CBTA-1% (i.e., Bi/Ti molar ratio= 1%). The key reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in the photocatalytic inactivation process are h⁺ and ^•OH. The induction of the Bi⁴⁺/Bi³⁺ species by the incorporation of Bi could narrow the bandgap of TiO₂, trap electrons, and enhance the stability of CBTA-1% in the solutions with coexisting environmental substances.     

Insight into visible light-driven photocatalytic degradation of diesel oil by doped TiO2-PS floating composites

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - TiO2-pearlstone (PS) floatable photocatalysts were synthesized using a facile sol-gel method and confirmed by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, EDX,...     

鸟粪石-沸石复合材料对水中镉的吸附性能研究

研究以氧化镁负载沸石回收污水中氮磷得到的鸟粪石-沸石复合材料(STR-NZ)为吸附剂,用于对水体中重金属镉的吸附去除.实验采用SEM-EDS、XRD和FTIR等手段对STR-NZ材料进行表征,并考察了投加量、初始pH和反应时间等对STR-NZ材料去除水中Cd~(2+)的影响.结果表明:氧化镁负载沸石材料主要以鸟粪石沉淀的方式实现对水中磷酸盐和氨氮的回收;STR-NZ对水溶液中Cd~(2+)的吸附量随pH的增大呈先增加后趋于平衡的趋势,当Cd~(2+)的初始浓度为50 mg·L~(-1)时,STR-NZ的最佳投加量为0.2 g·L~(-1),Cd~(2+)最大吸附量为249.35 mg·g~(-1), STR-NZ对Cd~(2+)的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型,对Cd~(2+)的等温吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,STR-NZ主要通过Cd_5(PO_4)_3(OH)沉淀的方式实现对水中Cd~(2+)的去除.