日本东京湾地区冬季飘尘污染研究

对东京湾地区冬季高浓度飘尘污染进行了分析，研究结果表明，日本某些特定地区也存在着与中国严重污染城市相当的飘尘污染；分析指出高浓度的飘尘污染主要来自于人为污染，其中废弃物焚烧和汽车排气的贡献占重要地位，这与中国大气煤烟型污染截然不同。     

水泥厂机立窑用电除尘器研究

针对水泥厂机械立窑烟气特征 ,从理论上分析了烟气温度与含湿量对电除尘器电场伏安特性的影响。为了防止电除尘器板极腐蚀 ,对极板表面涂刷具有防腐、憎污功能的导电涂料 ,就涂层对电场伏安特性和对尘层放电性能的影响机理进行了系统研究。专门为机械立窑烟气治理设计的静电除尘器 ,具有特殊的电场结构形式与阴极悬挂装置 ,极板涂层改善了极板耐腐蚀性能与清灰效果 ,突破了一直困扰应用静电除尘器治理水泥厂机械立窑烟气的几项技术难题     

HCR预处理乙二醇废水可行性研究

研究了HCR工艺预处理乙二醇废水的可行性。结果表明,HCR在水力停留时间短、COD污泥负荷高的运行条件下能够有效 降低废水中COD含量,且抗冲击性能良好,故采用HCR对乙二醇废水进行预处理能够避免其对水质净化厂进水水质的冲击。较佳的HCR 工艺条件为.HRT 0.73h,污泥回流比1.33、射流量44m3/h、泥龄5d、平均污泥负荷(MLSS氧化分解COD量)可达13.3[kg/kg·d]。     

废弃酸碱精制实现变压器油清洁生产

利用糠醛精制代替酸碱精制实现变压器油清洁生产，每年减少废渣排放5454t，减少加工损失5454t，取得了良好的环保效益和经济效益。     

南海现代珊瑚骨骼中放射性核素特征指纹

利用地表实验室高纯锗γ谱仪、中国锦屏极深地下实验室高纯锗γ谱仪、低本底β计数器系统测定我国南海1500km空间跨度上10个不同站位、5种不同种类和形状的现代珊瑚骨骼中6种最主要的天然放射性核素（²³⁸U、²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra、⁴⁰K）和人工放射性核素（¹³⁷Cs和⁹⁰Sr）的含量，获得现代珊瑚骨骼中放射性核素平均活度排序为²³⁸U（29.94Bq/kg） > ⁴⁰K（11.72Bq/kg） > ²²⁸Ra（6.37Bq/kg） > ²²⁶Ra（3.16Bq/kg） > ⁹⁰Sr（1.21Bq/kg） > ¹³⁷Cs（<0.06Bq/kg）.除了岸礁的珊瑚骨骼中²²⁸Ra活度高于环礁的珊瑚骨骼中²²⁸Ra活度的现象外，不同种类、不同离岸距离的珊瑚骨骼之间的同种放射性核素活度没有显著差异.本研究进一步对比珊瑚骨骼、珊瑚礁区沉积物、非珊瑚礁区的海洋沉积物、全球土壤的放射性核素活度含量，阐明珊瑚礁区是地表罕见的极低放射性水平区域，并指出现代珊瑚骨骼具有极低的²²⁶Ra/²³⁸U活度比值（~0.1）和极高的⁹⁰Sr/¹³⁷Cs活度比值（1000）的指纹特征.     

北黄海北部海域潮余流的模拟研究

基于二维水动力模型,在仅考虑潮流作用条件下,通过计算欧拉余流和拉格朗日余流并结合粒子追踪方法研究了辽宁大连—朝鲜龙渊郡连线北侧的北黄海北部海域的潮余流结构和粒子运移的趋势。结果表明:欧拉余流和拉格朗日余流流速整体较小,呈现由南向北的流向,但在獐子岛及长山群岛的附近岛屿和朝鲜半岛沿岸的海域欧拉余流和拉格朗日余流流速较大。对比粒子追踪计算的结果与欧拉余流和拉格朗日余流的结果表明,流向与粒子运移路径基本一致。该海湾的余流及粒子运动规律特点对辽东半岛东岸及朝鲜半岛西侧海域的排污及污染控制有重要的借鉴意义。     

Climatic Controls on Watershed Reference Evapotranspiration Varied during 1961–2012 in Southern China

Reference evapotranspiration (ET_o) is an important hydrometeorological term widely used in understanding and projecting the hydrological effects of future climate and land use change. We conducted a case study in the Qinhuai River Basin that is dominated by a humid subtropical climate and mixed land uses in southern China. Long‐term (1961–2012) meteorological data were used to estimate ET_o by the FAO‐56 Penman–Monteith model. The individual contribution from each meteorological variable to the trend of ET_o was quantified. We found basin‐wide annual ET_o decreased significantly (p < 0.05) by 3.82 mm/yr during 1961–1987, due to decreased wind speed, solar radiation, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and increased relative humidity (RH). However, due to the increased VPD and decreased RH, the ET_o increased significantly (p < 0.05) in spring, autumn, and annually at a rate of 2.55, 0.56, and 3.16 mm/yr during 1988–2012, respectively. The aerodynamic term was a dominant factor controlling ET_o variation in both two periods. We concluded the key climatic controls on ET_o have shifted as a result of global climate change during 1961–2012. The atmospheric demand, instead of air temperature alone, was a major control on ET_o. Models for accurately predicting ET_o and hydrological change under a changing climate must include VPD in the study region. The shifts of climatic control on the hydrological cycles should be considered in future water resource management in humid regions.     

市场导向的绿色技术创新机理与对策研究

基于对绿色技术创新的特殊属性、企业绿色技术创新环境和驱动力的转变分析,给出了市场导向对企业绿色技术创新的驱动机理。研究发现,企业绿色技术创新具有进度紧迫性、社会实用性、市场导向性及双重外部性等特殊属性,需借助市场机制来驱动企业绿色技术创新投入。市场导向下的企业绿色技术创新,就是要借助市场机制来优化企业绿色技术创新要素的配置效率。其中,市场供求机制有利于释放绿色技术创新要素的供需信号,市场竞争机制有利于提高绿色技术创新企业的市场竞争力;市场的价格机制有利于绿色技术创新企业的价值实现。最后,结合我国绿色技术创新发展实践提出6点建议:以解决突出矛盾为导向,精准设计市场规制措施;以优化顶层设计为起点,实现多主体协同发力;强化知识产权保护,制定绿色产业专利战略;多管齐下促进绿色消费,引导企业绿色技术创新;完善绿色标准和标识制度,倒逼绿色技术升级;建立绿色技术创新发展评估体系,有针对性地提高市场规制效率。     

Release characteristics of mercury in chemical looping combustion of bituminous coal

This study evaluated the release characteristics of mercury from bituminous coal in chemical looping combustion (CLC) using Australian iron ore as the oxygen carrier in a fixed bed reactor. The effects of several parameters, such as temperature in the fuel reactor (FR) and air reactor (AR), gasification medium in the FR, and reaction atmosphere in the AR, on mercury release characteristics, were investigated. The mercury speciation and release amount in the FR and AR under different conditions were further explored. The results indicate that most of the mercury in coal was released in the FR, while the rest of it was released in the AR. Hg⁰ was found to be the major species in the released mercury. The results also indicate that a higher temperature in the FR led to an increase in the total mercury release amount and a decrease in Hg⁰ proportion. However, a higher temperature in the AR resulted in a decrease in the total mercury release amount and Hg⁰ proportion. The increase in the H₂O/CO₂ ratio of gasification mediums in the FR was beneficial for the increase in the total mercury release amount and Hg⁰ proportion. A higher O₂ concentration in reaction atmosphere in AR had a negligible effect on the total mercury release amount, but a positive effect on Hg⁰ oxidization.     

中石化江苏成品油一次配送空间格局与优化

基于详实准确的政府及企业调研数据,以中石化江苏成品油一次配送为例,从配置效益和空间结构视角出发,借助运用地理网络分析和线性优化模型等方法,通过单位输油成本计算、优化情景构建计算和成品油配送格局比较分析,系统解析成品油一次配送空间格局与优化配置情况,从理论上尝试探讨其地理网络结构。研究发现：优化情境下的成本较2017年实际状况减少了30%左右,表明中石化江苏成品油一次配送效益不够优化;理论上,根据成品油“就近配置”原则,不同炼油企业各自在其优化情景区界内,配送单位输油成本较低的成品油;实际上,由于炼油企业的炼油能力差异、成品油输油通道不完善和分销中心油库设置差异等原因,不同炼油企业之间存在着相较优化情景区界或大或小的实际输油区界,且存在着某些分销中心油库同时接纳不同炼油企业成品油的现象,即存在混合输油区域。