油气田绿色矿山建设管理要求与实践

针对目前国家对绿色矿山建设的要求和环境保护面临的新形势,结合国内油气勘探与生产业务绿色发展的相关要求,阐述了油气田绿色矿山建设的发展历程、重点内容、建设标准;总结了绿色矿山建设形成的具体成果和经验,这些经验主要包括注重依法合规、提升绿色理念、科技创新、责任落实、多部门协作等,为下一步建设指导方向,进而提升国内油气勘探与生产业务整体绿色发展水平。     

MICP技术加固岩石节理的力学机理试验研究∗

微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(MICP)是近年国内外兴起的一种微生物岩土技术,即利用微生物新陈代谢的矿化作用诱导产生碳酸盐沉淀,在土体抗液化、堤坝加固等领域得到广泛实验和应用,相较传统边坡加固手段,其绿色环保的特点更符合可持续发展理念。为探究MICP技术在完全分离的岩石节理试件中的胶结效果,通过一种可采用流体分阶段胶结岩石节理面的实验装置,实现MICP胶结液对岩石节理试件的胶结,在不同法向应力下探究其抗剪强度。结果表明:(1)MICP技术对岩石节理具有一定胶结作用;(2)随剪切位移的增加,MICP胶结实验组与无充填对照组的剪切强度维持一致,即二者抗剪残余应力基本相等;(3)胶结养护7 d的抗剪强度可达无充填对照组的85%。     

碳汞比对燃煤烟气中Hg脱除影响的实验研究

利用吸附反应器和袋式除尘器联合脱汞系统,研究了活性炭喷射对模拟烟气中元素汞的脱除影响。实验表明,吸附反应器对元素汞的脱除起主要作用,并且脱汞效率随碳汞比的增加而提高;碳汞比的变化对除尘器的脱汞效率影响不大。在碳汞比为4 000、6 000、8 000下,系统的脱汞效率分别为39.9%、42.5%、47.3%。实验同时探讨了除尘器滤袋上粉尘层的存在对脱汞效率的影响,结果表明:在表面过滤速度为0.98 m/min的实验条件下,在碳汞比为4 000、6 000、8 000下,粉尘层的脱汞效率分别为:3.65%、3.20%、3.66%。     

蛋白组学分析揭示出阿特拉津对非洲爪蟾的生殖毒性源于其诱导生殖细胞凋亡并干扰紧密连接蛋白和代谢相关信号通路

阿特拉津可对雄性脊椎动物生殖系统造成不良影响,但其中分子机制尚不明了。本文作者将非洲爪蟾(Xenopus laevis)暴露于100 ppb的阿特拉津120 d,利用同位素标记相对和绝对定量(iTRAQ)技术检测了非洲爪蟾睾丸和卵巢中蛋白图谱的变化,结果显示100 ppb阿特拉津可影响爪蟾发育,延迟和阻碍雄性细精管的形成。组学分析显示,睾丸中143种以及卵巢中121种蛋白均表达异常,这些蛋白与细胞凋亡、细胞间紧密连接以及代谢途径相关。
精选自Xiuping Chen, Jiamei Wang, Haojun Zhu, Jiatong Ding and Yufa Peng. Proteomics analysis of Xenopus laevis gonad tissue following chronic exposure to atrazine. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Volume 34, Issue 8, pages 1744–1750, August 2015. DOI: 10.1002/etc.2980
详情请见http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/etc.2980/full     

Preliminary study on effects of tourism on Mosuo matriarchal culture

The ethnic communities of Lugu Lake have experienced the rapid development of tourism because of the attractions of their culture and traditional customs as well as their beautiful environment. Tourism and other economic activities have a variety of socio-cultural effects on host communities. Based on a survey of 105 Mosuo families, statistic correlation analysis was used to examine the local people's viewpoints regarding marriage, language, traditional dress, diet, and factors which could lead to changes in people's opinions. The results show that although Mosuo people are more open to the outside world, Axia relationships and matrilineal families still dominate their life. More than 50% of interviewees have Axia relationships and live in matrilinear families. Tourism income, education and age are three important factors that impact on local people's viewpoints regarding their culture and life. People who are more educated and earn more money from tourism prefer traditional culture and customs. The younger generation is more likely to be affected by tourism because they have contact with the outside world more often in their everyday life. Further research is needed on how to protect the local culture from the boom in tourism, as well as how to minimise its influence on local residents.     

防刺防弹复合材料的技术状况探讨

本文论述了防弹防刺复合材料的国内外发展状况、目前国内外所普遍采用的防刺防弹材料状况、防弹防刺复合材料所采用的材料状况、防弹防刺复合材料工艺状况、防弹防刺复合材料结构状况、防弹防刺复合材料的测试技术状况、防弹防刺复合材料的性能状况。     

白泥海水脱硫示范工程的中试研究

对黄岛发电厂3#机组白泥海水脱硫示范工程进行了中试研究。试验结果表明:以白泥做吸收剂,脱硫效率可达到90%以上,并能产生较好的经济效益,脱硫过程中可以直接消耗白泥,从而达到以废治废的目的。     

废钢渣粉渣湿法脱硫工艺实验研究

以马钢三钢渣厂钢渣为吸收剂,进行了钢渣湿法烟气脱硫工艺的实验研究。通过分析钢渣的组成成分及反应机理,研究了液气比L/G、浆液浓度μ、pH值等主要参数对钢渣湿法脱硫率η的影响。实验结果显示,通过合理的设计和适当的操作,可使钢渣湿法脱硫效率达60%以上,具有一定的应用价值。