无机复合调理剂对污泥脱水性能的影响

针对污泥的固化填埋或建材化利用等后续处置方式,采用FeCl3与生石灰、粉煤灰两种骨架构建体为主要成分的无机复合调理剂对市政污泥进行调理.通过污泥真空抽滤、离心脱水及比阻测定实验,分别确定FeCl3、生石灰、粉煤灰的优化投加量为2.0 g.L-1、20.0 g.L-1、30.0 g.L-1.在优化投加量下,污泥比阻可降到...     

Analysis of organochlorine pesticides in water by novel activated carbon fiber-solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

This study describes a fast activated carbon fiber-solid phase microextraction (ACF-SPME) method for determining organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in water. The pesticides in this study consist of Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and alpha-, beta-, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs). The optimal experimental procedures for the adsorption and desorption of four OCPs were evaluated. The linearity was obtained with a RSD of 20% for the OCPs studied over a range from 1.0 to 100 microg/L. The limits of detection at ng/L level were achieved with GC-MS under selected ion monitoring (SIM) acquisition mode. The proposed method was applied to the determination of OCPs concentration in tap water. The results have demonstrated the suitability of the ACF-SPME-GC-MS approach for the analysis of multi-residue OCPs in water. Compared to the commercial fiber, ACF has shown its advantages in solvent-resistance, thermal stability, and the cost. The results obtained in this study suggest that ACF is a promising choice in solid phase microextraction.     

Can environmental information disclosure promote the high-quality development of enterprises? The mediating effect of intellectual capital

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Chinese government has given a high priority to economic high-quality development (HQD) in recent years. This study empirically examines whether...     

Magnetic polyamidoamine dendrimers for magnetic separation and sensitive determination of organochlorine pesticides from water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have received much attention due to their toxicity. Reliable methods to monitor their residues in the environment are needed. Here, magnetic polyamidoamine dendrimers were prepared by co-precipitation, Michael addition, and amidation. The magnetic polyamidoamine dendrimers demonstrated good adsorption ability for OCPs—this feature was utilized to construct a sensitive tool for monitoring OCPs in water samples. The proposed method provided remarkable linearity from 0.1 to 500 μg/L and satisfactory limits of detection from 0.012 to 0.029 μg/L. The spiked recoveries of the four target analytes were 91.8%?103.5% with relative standard deviations less than 4.5%. The magnetic materials had good reusability. The results indicated that the resulting method was an efficient, easy, rapid, economical, and eco-friendly tool for monitoring OCPs in aqueous samples.     

阳离子表面活性剂与石灰联合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响

以污泥比阻(SRF)、污泥毛细吸水时间(CST)和脱水率为评价指标,研究了两种阳离子表面活性剂(A:松香基双-三甲基氯化铵、B:乙撑基双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵)与石灰联合调理对剩余污泥脱水性能的影响.结果表明:(1)两种表面活性剂与石灰联合调理均能产生良好的协同作用,当表面活性剂A、B的投量分别为9 g/100 g干基污泥(DS),石灰投量为15 g/100 g DS时,污泥SRF分别降低为原泥的17.7%和23.0%;污泥CST降至52.3 s和70.5 s,脱水率分别达到了86.9%和84.2%,明显改善了污泥脱水性能;(2)表面活性剂和石灰联合调理对污泥絮体及胞外聚合物产生明显的影响,随着投加量的增加,使得污泥滤液中蛋白质及多糖含量呈增加趋势,联合调理改善了污泥脱水性能.     

掺硼金刚石薄膜电极在水处理中应用的研究进展

掺硼金刚石(BDD)薄膜电极作为一种新型的电极材料,在水溶液中电解时具有较宽的电位窗口,在浓酸浓碱中具有很好的耐腐蚀性,其表面不易吸附污染物,与它的同素异构体电极及其他普通电极相比,具有更好的化学、物理性能,从而表现出潜在的功能,近年来被科研人员用于废水处理,并取得了很好的处理效果,对近期BDD薄膜电极的制备、在污水处理中的应用及其进展进行了总结与讨论.     

H2O2对COD测定的干扰及消除研究

COD是表征水体有机物污染状况的重要参数,而实际水样成分复杂往往对COD测定产生干扰,其中H2O2尤为明显。通过实验分析H2O2对COD干扰状况并提出消除干扰的措施。研究表明,H2O2作为还原剂使COD测定值高于实际值;H2O2浓度与COD之间呈现线性关系,R2为0.999 7,线性方程为y=0.466 4x+0.249 5,1mg的H2O2能引起0.466 4mg的COD变化。在低、高2种浓度的COD标准溶液体系中,线性方程计算的ΔCOD1(即H2O2引起的COD变化值)与ΔCOD2(COD测定值与原水COD的差值)差值为原水COD的1.28%～11.80%、0.16%～5.95%;在低、高2种浓度的工业废水体系中,线性方程计算的ΔCOD1与ΔCOD2差值分别为0.1～5.9、32.7～75.6mg/L,为原水COD的1.28%～14.00%、2.35%～5.44%;在生活污水体系中,线性方程计算的ΔCOD1与ΔCOD2差值为6.8～30.3mg/L,为原水COD的2.98%～13.40%。通过线性方程,较好地反映出实际的COD差异,可以消除H2O2对COD测定的干扰。该方法简单准确,能够较好地反映实际水样的COD情况。     

Economic impact measurement and evaluation of China's investment in geological exploration: The empirical analysis based on the data from 1999 to 2009

With the continued growth in demand for mineral resources and China's efforts in increasing investment in geological prospecting, economic impact evaluation of geological exploration becomes a research hotspot.     

邯郸市大气污染源排放清单建立及总量校验

邯郸作为"2+26"城市主要的重工业城市之一,位于京津冀南北传输通道的核心位置,在京津冀地区大气污染协同调控中处于重要地位.为改善当地空气质量,以邯郸市为研究对象,基于拉网式调查获取详细活动水平数据,结合相关排放因子,得到2016年邯郸市大气污染源排放清单;采用WRF-CMAQ（气象-空气质量）数值模型,模拟了2016年典型季节代表月（1月、4月、7月、10月）的空气质量,验证了数值模型的准确性;最后基于总量校验方法,反向估算了邯郸市典型污染物的排放总量,对初始大气污染源排放清单进行校验.结果表明:①2016年邯郸市SO₂、NO_x、TSP、PM₁₀、PM_2.5、CO、VOCs、NH₃的总排放量分别为78 533、183 126、497 466、258 940、124 637、3 735 355、200 309、187 299 t.②工业源是SO₂、NO_x、PM_2.5、CO和VOCs的主要排放源,分别占总排放量的74.5%、54.5%、30.6%、76.7%和28.1%;无组织扬尘源对TSP、PM₁₀、PM_2.5的贡献较大,分别占总排放量的58.5%、43.6%、30.3%;NH₃的主要排放源为农畜氨及人体和其他氨,二者排放的NH₃占总排放量的96.9%.③总量模型估算得到邯郸市PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂年排放量分别为152 739、79 405、206 549 t;对比分析校验前、后典型污染物排放发现,校验前的大气污染源排放清单可能低估了PM_2.5和NO_x的排放量.研究显示,邯郸市污染物排放量较大,工业源为主要排放源,建议相关部门加强对工业源的管控力度.      

Fenton试剂与骨架构建体复合调理剂对污泥脱水性能的影响

将Fenton试剂与骨架构建体联用作为复合调理剂开展了污泥调理及脱水试验.结果表明,赤泥与水泥作骨架构建体调理后,污泥脱水性能和脱水液pH均优于石灰与水泥调理污泥.以污泥比阻(SRF)为评价指标,开展了Fenton反应时间、初始pH及调理剂投加量对污泥脱水性能影响的单因素试验.当Fenton反应时间为90 min,初始pH为5,水泥、赤泥、Fe²⁺和H₂O₂的投加量(以污泥干固体质量计)分别为300、300、40和32 mg·g^-1时,污泥比阻降低率可达94.25%±0.21%.在此基础上,以泥饼含水率为响应指标,利用表面响应法对调理剂投加量进行优化.结果表明,水泥、赤泥、Fe²⁺和H₂O₂的投加量分别为287、287、46和37 mg·g^-1,泥饼含水率可降至47.7%±0.8%.调理后污泥的粒径减小,比表面积增大,粘度减小,Zeta电位由负变正,说明该复合调理剂能有效地破解胞外聚合物(EPS),提高污泥脱水性能.