SBR的运行管理要点

介绍SBR的工艺特点,着重分析SBR在调试及运行管理中的重要控制因素,指出了随着进料和外部条件变化应采取的对策,以达到最佳的出水水质和最经济的运行方式。     

Development of vermicast from sludge and powdered oyster shell

Soil acidification is one of the rising land degradation issues facing world agriculture. The risk of acidification is currently being assessed as part of agriculture productivity and sustainable theme. This study was conducted to produce a new vermicomposting cast as a recycling resource derived from municipal sewage sludge and waste oyster shell. The earthworm, Eisenia Andrei, was fed under different conditions. The most suitable mixture was 77:23 w/w% of sewage sludge and waste oyster shell. Powdered oyster shell (POS) sludge blend provided a stable pH, due to its buffering capacity during vermiculture because of the Ca²⁺ and OH^? release effect. The vermicast products fulfilled the cast standards of Korea Ministry of Environment for all the parameters such as moisture content, pH, salinity, organic carbon, TKN, Phosphate, and heavy metals. Slowly released organic matter when added to soil improves the capacity of the soil to hold nutrients for plants, improve soil aeration for roots, and improves soil drainage. This product will be an addition to already-commercialized sludge vermicast as a higher value product.     

工业锅炉除尘脱硫废水回用技术及设备的开发

针对工业锅炉除尘脱硫废水设计一套工业化的处理设备,并对其实际的处理性能进行考察和评价。该设备由网格絮凝+复合流沉淀+浅滤层过滤三个单元组成,设备构造合理,系统性能协调。设备正常运行时处理出水浑浊度平均值<10度,最大值<15度,出水浑浊度波动系数为1.8,浑浊度极差10.5度,水质稳定,满足回用水质要求。     

节能型焦化污水生物脱氮新工艺的生产性试验研究

采用节能型生物脱氮新工艺对黑龙江某焦化厂的污水处理站进行生产性试验研究,结果表明:处理后出水达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级,并可回用于熄焦。该工艺适合推广应用于焦化污水、垃圾渗滤液、养殖、化肥等高含氮有机污水的处理。     

水解酸化-SBR-BAF工艺处理中药废水

分析现有中药废水处理工艺及废水特点,并考虑到废水处理技术改造的要求,采用水解酸化-SBR-BAF法联合处理该中药废水,研究了SBR反应器的曝气时间、温度及原水pH值对系统处理效果的影响。系统进水ρ(COD)为1 249.4~1 444.5 mg/L、ρ(BOD5)为201.2~292.8 mg/L、ρ(SS)为208.7~310.6 mg/L、色度为70~100倍,曝气时间为14 h、温度为20℃、pH值为7时,出水ρ(COD)为123.4~140.8 mg/L、ρ(BOD5)为19.4~26.1 mg/L、ρ(SS)为32.7~60.4 mg/L、色度为36~50倍,COD、BOD5、SS的平均去除率分别达到90.3%、90.7%、81.8%,表明HAT-SBR-BAF法处理该中药废水是可行的。     

恒液位推流式改良SBR工艺处理生活污水

通过对恒液位推流式改良SBR工艺处理生活污水工程应用的研究,结果表明:恒液位推流式改良SBR工艺在降低工程成本和减少设备量的同时能较好的去除污水中的污染物,具有良好的脱氮除磷效果,COD去除率可达85%~93%;TP的去除率可达84%;TN的去除率可达82%。     

Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model animal for assessing thetoxicity induced by microcystin-LR

Among more than 75 variants of microcystin(MC),microcystin-LR(MC-LR) is one of the most common toxins.In this study,the feasibility of using Caenorhabditis elegans to evaluate MC-LR toxicity was studied.C.elegans was treated with MC-LR at different concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 80 μg/L.The results showed that MC-LR could reduce lifespan,delay development,lengthen generation time,decrease brood size,suppress locomotion behavior,and decreases hsp-16-2-gfp expression.The endpoints of generation time,brood...     

Mechanism of calcium mitigating membrane fouling in submerged membranebioreactors

Two parallel membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were operated under different calcium dosages (168.5, 27 mg/L) to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of retarding membrane fouling by adding calcium. The results showed that the particle size of sludge flocs increased and the particle size distribution tended to be narrow at the optimum dosage (168.5 mg/L). Calcium was effective in decreasing loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) in microbial flocs and soluble microbial products (SMP) in the supernatant at the dosage of 168.5 mg/L by strengthening the neutralization and bridging of EPS with flocs. Furthermore, the amount of COD_S and COD_C decreased in both the mixed liquor and the fouling cake layer on the membrane surface. In order to compare the filtration characteristics of cake layers from the MBRs with the two calcium dosages, the specific cake resistance and the compressibility coefficient were measured. The specific cake resistance from the MBR with optimum dosage (168.5 mg/L) was distinctly lower than that with low dosage (27 mg/L). The compressibility coefficient of the cake layers under two dosages were respectively attained as 0.65, 0.91. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and three-dimensional confocal scanning laser microscope analysis (CLSM) images were utilized to observe the gel layer directly.     

不同标准对城市土壤重金属质量分数的评价

对广州市某区城市土壤重金属污染现状进行调查,共采集土壤样品34个,分析样品中As,Hg,Cr,Cd,Ni和Pb的全量及有效态质量分数,探讨重金属元素全量和有效态质量分数之间的关系,并采用4种不同标准对结果进行了评价. 结果表明:研究区工业用地、城区和农村居住区的土壤已受到一定程度的重金属污染,且为2种或3种重金属元素的复合污染;As,Hg,Cr,Cd,Ni和Pb有效态质量分数平均值分别为0.09,0.004,0.09,0.18,0.40和32.80 mg/kg,Cd和Pb的有效态质量分数占全量的比例较高. 4种标准综合评价结果中,轻度、中度和重度污染样点数占样点总数的比例依次为国标(GB15618—1995)二级标准评价(62%)>有效态污染起始值评价(29%)>全量污染起始值评价(24%)>国标三级标准评价(21%).      

Au/SnO2/TiO2催化氧化CO性能的研究

通过煅烧制备TiO2,用浸渍法负载SnO2,沉积沉淀法负载Au,制备不同SnO2含量的Au/SnO2/TiO2催化剂。采用BET、SEM、XRD等手段对催化剂样品进行表征并考察煅烧温度、SnO2的添加量等对Au/SnO2/TiO2催化剂催化CO氧化活性的影响。结果表明:Au/SnO2/TiO2催化活性比Au/TiO2明显提高;海绵钛在400℃煅烧后负载10%SnO2和1%的Au催化活性较好,在124℃左右能使气体中含量为2.94%的CO基本完全转化。