城乡结合部垃圾就地消纳的可行性初步研究——以广州市番禺区大石街猛涌村为示范点

为探索城乡结合部垃圾可行的处置方式,依托广州市番禺区大石街猛涌村示范运行的垃圾就地消纳系统,对该村垃圾的产生状况和管理背景进行调查,并结合当地可能的物流消纳去向对其处理技术方式和生物稳定技术减量化效果进行了分析,结果表明,猛涌村垃圾人均产生率0.73/kg·人-1·d-1,村域垃圾产生密度5.17/t·km-2·d-1,垃圾组分复杂,易腐有机成分高达60%以上,与城市日趋类似。农村垃圾不适合填埋和焚烧处理,宜通现有物流容量条件就地消纳。垃圾经就地消纳系统11天的稳定处理,垃圾减容率达40%,pH升至7.78,含水率下降至29.7%,出料呈褐色带有泥土味,稳定化和减量化效果良好。推广就地消纳模式,需要以纳示范点为依托,对就地消纳技术、管理模式进行深入分析研究,组织和动员群众积极参与。     

磁悬浮列车噪声主观烦恼研究

本研究对匀速、加速及减速3种行驶状态磁悬浮列车噪声分别进行了双耳效应采样,并于实验室中测试被试对样本主观感受。结果表明,3种行驶状态列车噪声样本的主观烦恼度与LA均具有较好的关联度。比较加速段与减速段样本,前者的主观烦恼度要高于后者,且在等主观烦恼度水平下,前者比后者要低大约2.5~4.5dBA。对于3种行驶状态样本总体而言,主观烦恼度与LA10的相关系数最高(R=0.981),略高于主观烦恼度跟LA与LAmax的相关系数,建议采用LA10作为磁悬浮列车噪声排放限值的评价指标。     

新农村建设试点村与对照村生态文明意识探析——以山东省为例

文章采用问卷调查法对山东省农村生态文明意识进行了调查,在此基础上对比分析了新农村建设试点村与普通对照村村民的生态文明意识差异。结果表明山东省新农村建设在提高村民的生态文明意识方面有所成效。但两种村都还有进一步提高生态文明意识的余地,对照村需要借鉴试点村所取得的经验成果;试点村仍需要进一步加大宣传教育力度、实施环保意识教育、开展实践体验活动。     

国内外相关标准对我国高含硫气田钻完井的适应性研究

通过对国内外含硫气井钻完井相关标准的调研,分析了国内外相关标准对我国高含硫气田钻完井的适应性。     

农业院校环境科学专业学科群建设及课程体系设置

文章以环境科学学科群的带头学科及其内涵、外延分析为基础,对环境科学专业学科群进行了系统分析;并以青岛农业大学环境科学专业课程组织为例,对农业院校环境科学专业学科群建设进行了探讨,为高等学校环境科学专业建设提供一种新范式。     

Growth performance and range shift of the subalpine fir (Abies fargesii) in the Qinling Mountains,China

Trees in the subalpine environment, a particularly vulnerable area being the first to reflect climate changes, are most likely to show strong effects of climate variability. The aim of this study was to identify growth responses of subalpine fir (Abies fargesii) to climate variability, and investigate range shifts along an altitudinal gradient in the subalpine region of the Qinling Mountains, China. Standard correlation functional analysis showed different growth responses of fir trees to climatic variables between north and south aspects. In the north aspect, radial growth was significantly positively correlated with temperatures in early spring (February–April) and summer (July) of the current year, while radial growth was significantly positively correlated with temperatures in November and December of the previous year and early spring (February–April) of the current year in the south aspect. Analysis of age structure distribution displayed a decrease in number of mature fir trees and an increase in number of saplings along the altitudinal gradient on both aspects. Fir saplings/seedlings only occur in the treeline environment, and this fir population was significantly younger than that at lower elevations. Thus, fir trees show different radial growth patterns in response to climatic variability between north and south aspects, and age-class distributions along the altitudinal gradient imply an upward shift in range in the subalpine region during the past century in the Qinling Mountains of China.     

宽间距长芒刺电除尘器优化实验研究

电除尘器净化除尘效率较高,处理烟气量大及阻力低,日常运行费用低等优点而得到了广泛的应用。通过实验确定宽间距长芒刺电除尘器的各项参数,并且运用最优化原理从理论上加以论证。     

Planning Environmental Impact Assessment Orienting Sustainable Development:Opportunities and Challenges

1 INTRODUCTION Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a useful and effective instrument for sustainable development. Most countries require instruction projects to carry out EIA. EIA of our country began at the end of the 1970s; Chinais one of the earliest countries that carried out Project EIA. Through the fulfillment of more than 20 years, this system has been improved gradually and is playing a significant role in facilitating the enterprise reasonable layout and optimal addres…     

螺旋管式二次流混合器的混合特征

考察了用于混凝过程的螺旋管式二次流混合器的曲率、螺距和水流速度等主要因素对其水头损失、G值以及GT值的影响规律。研究发现,该混合器的水头损失、G值及GT值均随曲率、水流速度的增大而增大,随螺距的增加而降低;除螺距和水流速度的交互作用对GT值没有影响外,该混合器的螺距、曲率、水流速度以及这3个因素间(包括两两之间以及三者之间)的交互作用对混合器G值、GT值的影响均高度显著,3个因素影响的显著性顺序为水流速度曲率螺距。     

不同升温速率下城市污水污泥热解特性及动力学研究

利用差热-热重分析法和Coats-Redfern积分法,对杭州某污水处理厂污泥在不同升温速率下的热解特性及反应动力学特征进行研究。实验结果表明,热解温度从室温升至900℃时,污泥热解过程可分为4个失重阶段;升温速率对污泥热解转化率、挥发分析出温度以及最大失重率等热解特性参数都有显著影响。升温速率越高污泥最大失重率越大;而较低的升温速率延迟了污泥热解反应时间,导致污泥失重量相对较大。根据Coats-Redfern积分法计算结果,污泥在氮气氛围下的热解反应为二级反应模式。提高升温速率可显著增加污泥热解的表观活化能和频率因子。