Environmental benefit of clean energy consumption: can BRICS economies achieve environmental sustainability through human capital?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper scrutinizes the asymmetric impact of education and education expenditure on clean energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the BRICS...     

Research progress of photocatalysis for algae killing and inhibition: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The healthy development of biodiversity has been threatened frequent water eutrophication. In recent years, photocatalytic technology, which has...     

Associations of long-term ambient air pollution and traffic-related pollution with blood pressure and hypertension defined by the different guidelines worldwide: the CHCN-BTH study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The assessment of the generalization of the strict hypertension definition in the 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension Guideline from environmental condition...     

水体中抗生素的检测及去除方法研究综述

抗生素是目前世界上应用最广泛的药物之一。大量抗生素的使用,不可避免地给自然环境造成巨大的压力。由于污水截流不彻底等原因,工业、养殖及医疗活动等进入环境中的抗生素通过各种途径进入饮用水体,对水质安全及人类健康构成威胁。针对抗生素对水环境造成的污染,讨论目前国内外水环境中抗生素检测技术和去除手段的研究情况,主要对水中抗生素的富集方法、仪器检测及臭氧氧化去除技术进行分析,最后对抗生素污染的研究方向进行了展望。     

负载铁生物炭对雄黄矿尾渣砷的钝化效果

湖南石门雄黄矿矿区内大量As含量极高的尾渣,严重威胁着当地环境安全与居民生命健康.为推动实现对雄黄矿高As尾渣的稳定化处理,系统分析了FeBC（负载铁生物炭）对雄黄矿尾渣中As的钝化效果,并对FeBC钝化As的发生机制进行探讨.结果表明:水平振荡试验和合成沉降浸出试验（synthetic precipitation leaching procedure,SPLP）中尾渣As的浸出浓度分别为103.7和173.5 mg/L;FeBC的加入[矿渣与FeBC的比例（w/w）为4:1]使尾渣中As的浸出浓度降低72.2%~79.2%.在以模拟酸雨为淋溶液的柱试验中,FeBC处理使淋出液中ρ（As）下降79.1%~99.3%,As淋失总量减少92.8%,但酸雨淋溶量的持续增加使出水中ρ（As）随pH的降低而缓慢上升.FTIR（傅里叶红外光谱）分析发现,FeBC表面负载的Fe原子通过羟基与砷酸根之间的配位基交换作用吸附As是FeBC高效钝化尾渣中As的关键机制;同时,生物炭载体表面含氧官能团还可能通过氢键与As氧合阴离子或分子发生了吸附反应.研究显示,FeBC在钝化雄黄矿尾渣中高含量As方面具有突出优势,可用于快速降低矿渣中As的浸出毒性;但在长期酸雨淋溶条件下,可能需要设置酸度缓冲层以充分保障FeBC钝化As作用的稳定性和持久性.      

佳木斯市区环境空气质量评价与分析研究

佳木斯市位于黑龙江省东北部,是黑龙江省东北部地区政治、经济、科技、文化教育、医疗、商贸和交通的中心.根据2016年佳木斯市区四个空气质量监测点位的二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化碳、臭氧、可吸入颗粒物、细颗粒物六项指标的监测数据,分析各监测点位空气质量的功能区类别及各参数变化情况;采用二氧化硫、二氧化氮、可吸入颗粒物三参数评价了各监测点位的空气质量等级,并根据评价结果分析了空气污染的主要原因.     

Influence of fuel mass load, oxygen supply and burning rate on emission factor and size distribution of carbonaceous particulate matter from indoor corn straw burning

The uncertainty in emission estimation is strongly associated with the variation in emission factor (EF),which could be influenced by a variety of factors such as fuel properties,stove type,fire management and even methods used in measurements.The impacts of these factors are complicated and often interact with each other.Controlled burning experiments were conducted to investigate the influences of fuel mass load,air supply and burning rate on the emissions and size distributions of carbonaceous particulate matter (PM) from indoor corn straw burning in a cooking stove.The results showed that the EFs of PM (EFPM),organic carbon (EFOC) and elemental carbon (EFEC) were independent of the fuel mass load.The differences among them under different burning rates or air supply amounts were also found to be insignificant (p > 0.05) in the tested circumstances.PM from the indoor corn straw burning was dominated by fine PM with diameter less than 2.1 μm,contributing 86.4%±3.9% of the total.The size distribution of PM was influenced by the burning rate and air supply conditions.On average,EF PM,EF OC and EF EC for corn straw burned in a residential cooking stove were (3.84±1.02),(0.846±0.895) and (0.391±0.350) g/kg,respectively.EF PM,EF OC and EF EC were found to be positively correlated with each other (p < 0.05),but they were not significantly correlated with the EF of co-emitted CO,suggesting that special attention should be paid to the use of CO as a surrogate for other incomplete combustion pollutants.     

处理微污染河水的人工湿地中磷的去除特征及吸附形态分布

通过在野外条件下构建两座潜流人工湿地,考察了湿地对微污染水体中磷的净化效果,以及湿地填料对4种主要形态磷的吸附特征.结果表明,湿地对总磷(TP)的平均去除率在30％左右,颗粒性总磷(STP)去除比例略高于溶解性总磷(DTP).两个湿地中TP的出水负荷随其进水负荷的升高线性增大,而磷的单位面积去除负荷与进水负荷呈对数关系,迸水负荷超过1000 g·m-2·d-1后,去除负荷没有发生明显变化.4种主要形态磷的吸附量关系表现为钙镁磷(Ca/Mg-P,12582和11052 mg)＞铁铝磷(Fe/Al-P,5312和5750 mg)＞弱吸附磷(Plabile-P,2054和1207 mg)＞腐殖质磷(Humic-P,-362和-136 mg).湿地3层填料对Humic-P和Plabile-P的吸附能力有限,且伴有解吸现象,而Ca/Mg-P和Fe/Al-P的吸附主要发生在卵石和碎砖层,碎石层对湿地中磷的去除贡献较低.栽种植物对湿地中填料对磷的吸附影响较小.     

四氟硼酸化1-烷基—3-甲基咪唑离子液体对小鼠的急性经口毒性

采用寇式改良法研究了四氟硼酸化1-烷基—3-甲基咪唑离子液体对小鼠的急性毒性,考察了烷基侧链长度对毒性的影响,同时采用HE染色法观察了离子液体对小鼠胃、小肠、大肠、肝和肾组织的损害.结果表明,4种离子液体([Cnmim] BF4,n=10、12、14、18)对小鼠的肠、肝、肾等组织均有损伤,其LD50值在56.16 ～214.18 mg·kg-1之间,为中等毒性.四氟硼酸化1-烷基—3-甲基咪唑离子液体对小鼠的急性毒性与烷基侧链长度有关,当碳链长度为14时,毒性最强.     

Removal characteristics of microplastics by Fe-based coagulants during drinking water treatment

Microplastics have caused great concern worldwide recently due to their ubiquitous presence within the marine environment. Up to now, most attention has been paid to their sources, distributions, measurement methods, and especially their eco-toxicological effects. With microplastics being increasingly detected in freshwater, it is urgently necessary to evaluate their behaviors during coagulation and ultrafiltration (UF) processes. Herein, the removal behavior of polyethylene (PE), which is easily suspended in water and is the main component of microplastics, was investigated with commonly used Fe-based salts. Results showed that although higher removal efficiency was induced for smaller PE particles, low PE removal efficiency (below 15%) was observed using the traditional coagulation process, and was little influenced by water characteristics. In comparison to solution pH, PAM addition played a more important role in increasing the removal efficiency, especially anionic PAM at high dosage (with efficiency up to 90.9%). The main reason was ascribed to the dense floc formation and high adsorption ability because of the positively charged Fe-based flocs under neutral conditions. For ultrafiltration, although PE particles could be completely rejected, slight membrane fouling was caused owing to their large particle size. The membrane flux decreased after coagulation; however, the membrane fouling was less severe than that induced by flocs alone due to the heterogeneous nature of the cake layer caused by PE, even at high dosages of Fe-based salts. Based on the behavior exhibited during coagulation and ultrafiltration, we believe these findings will have potential application in drinking water treatment.