古黄河泗阳段流域综合治理与生态环境保护

通过采取"治、退、拆、清、修、整、建、营、养、植"等生态修复综合措施、建立古黄河生态保护圈,加强古黄河泗阳段周边环境的生态保护,进一步净化水体环境,同时增加古黄河泗阳段蓄水量,提高水质的稳定性,使得社会效益、环境效益和经济效益达到最佳统一,实现水资源的持续利用.同时改善古黄河地区的空气环境,给古黄河地区的人民一个蓝天,实现古黄河泗阳地区的蓝天碧水.     

电化学法处理苯酚模拟废水的研究

电化学法处理废水中有机污染物,具有效率高、操作简便、与环境兼容等优点,是一种很有潜力的高级氧化技术。实验是以废旧一号干电池中的碳棒作电极,用烧杯作电解池,在室温下,通过改变支持电解质（Na2SO4）浓度、负载电压、pH值和苯酚初始浓度等影响因素,对苯酚模拟废水进行电化学处理,利用高效液相色谱仪对其处理效果进行了分析研究,结果表明：支持电解质（Na2SO4）浓度为20.0g/L、负载电压为5.5V、pH值为8.0是处理苯酚模拟废水的最佳条件。最后对苯酚的降解机理进行了初步探讨。     

化工项目环境影响评价报告编写要点

化工项目因存在环境风险大,评价要求高等特点,成为各类建设项目环境影响评价中难度较大的一类。与一般建设项目相比,化工项目环境影响评价报告中的工程分析、污染治理措施、风险评价三个专题尤显重要。通过逐步分析工艺流程、细致计算物料平衡实现有序而深入的工程分析;通过合理分类、技术经济论证来确定合理有效的污染治理措施;通过分析项目特征风险因素制定高效的风险防范措施和应急预案,可高效、准确地做好化工项目的环境影响评价工作。     

蚯蚓对重金属污染土壤中铅的富集研究

蚯蚓在陆地生态系统中具有十分重要的功能,利用蚯蚓处理重金属污染土壤是一种新型的绿色生物技术。实验通过测定重金属污染土壤中不同铅浓度梯度下蚯蚓在培养期内对铅富集量的研究,结果表明：蚯蚓对铅有较强的富集作用,且随铅浓度的增加,蚯蚓体内的富集量也增加;单住质量蚯蚓培养期内吸收铅量与铅浓度梯度表现出极显著性差异,说明蚯蚓可以作为检测重金属污染土壤中铅的重要生物指标,论证了在重金属污染土壤动物修复中引入蚯蚓的可行性。     

用土壤法进行生活污水的深度处理

土壤是物质生产的场所,也是物质降解的中心。利用土壤法进行生活污水的深度处理,具有成本低,能耗低,不需要维护等特点,并且可以循环利用土壤和水资源,实现水环境的再生。土壤法的推广利用符合中国循环经济的发展要求,促进新农村运动的开展。本文着重介绍了如何利用和加强土壤的净化功能来进行生活污水的处理,并且回顾了土壤处理法的发展历史和研究现状。     

An integrated assessment method of urban drainage system:A case study in Shenzhen City,China

In recent years, the urban drainage system in China is facing the dual pressure of renovation and construction. This requires that the integrated assessment for the planning and operation of the urban drainage system is obligatory. To evaluate the urban drainage system, an integrated assessment methodology based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), integrated simulation, and fuzzy assessment is established. This method is a multi-criteria decision adding app roach to the assessment of the urban drainage system comprehensively. Through the integration of the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), a simple wastewater treatment plant model, and a surface water quality model, an integrated modelling system for the urban drainage system is developed and applied as a key tool for assessment. Using the established method, a case study in Shenzhen City has been implemented to evaluate and compare two urban drainage system reno vation plans, the distributed plan and the centralized plan. Because of the particularity of this case study, the established method is not applied entirely. Considering the water environ mental impact, ecological impact, technological feasibility, and economic cost, the integrated performance of the distri buted plan is better. As shown in this case study, the proposed method is found to be both effective and practical.     

20世纪80年代以来我国地震史研究述评

我国是一个地震频发的国家,也是一个地震记载最早而又最详备的国家。20世纪80年代以来,关于地震研究有一定成果涌现。然就整体而论,中国地震史在中国灾害史研究中仍然处于十分薄弱的状态,存在诸多不足。无论从史料的开挖、研究方法和理论的运用,还是研究内容、对象、视角和深度上,都有进一步展拓的可行性与必要性。     

大坝下游河段的河流生态径流调控研究

了分析大坝工程对河流径流情势的影响,以三峡大坝下游河段的宜昌站为例,计算了三峡坝下河段的生态水文季节、生态需水和其它径流情势特征参数。计算结果表明,长江宜昌江段枯水期为1~3月份、副汛期为4~6月份和10~12月份,而洪水期为7~9月份;枯水期、副汛期和洪水期的最小生态需量占同期来水总量分别为24%~27%、30%~50%和30%~45%;适宜的生态需水在枯水期、主汛期分别占同时期来水总量为30%~42%、50%~70%;四大家鱼和中华鲟产卵、繁殖期内的适宜生态流量范围分别为 6 540~12 700 m3/s 和 16 300~9 130 m3/s,大约占同时期来水总量的50%~70%;涨水次数平均值分别为5.3和3.4,落水次数平均值分别为50和5.1等,这为三峡水库在四大家鱼和中华鲟产卵、繁殖期内的调度提供了保护的依据。〖     

区域规划实施结果评估——以《江苏省沿江开发总体规划》为例

规划评估是确保区域规划有效实施的必要环节,实施结果评估是区域规划实施评估中不可回避的重要一环,对区域规划的有效推进无疑具有现实意义,但是相关研究却极为不足。从区域规划的特征对结果评估的影响出发,试图以完成规划战略意图作为实施结果评估标准为切入点,以《江苏省沿江开发总体规划》为例,构建区域规划实施结果评估的指标体系,进行了实证研究。研究发现,规划在引导产业定位与布局、基础设施建设等方面发挥了积极作用,从而提高了区域竞争力、减小了区域内部差异,总体实施结果良好。但在资源集约利用与生态保护方面却作用较弱,较弱的规划协调利益冲突能力以及实施保障机制是影响规划作用发挥的重要因素。最后,分析了结果评估的局限性并指出下一步研究的方向     

Spatial-temporal analysis of wetland landscape pattern under the influence of artificial dykes in the Yellow River delta

The influence of anthropogenic activities,especially artificial dykes,on the coastal wetland landscape is now considered as a serious problem to the coastal ecosystem.It is important and necessary to analyze changes of coastal landscape pattern under the influence of artificial dykes for the protection and management of coastal wetland.Our study aimed to reveal the quantitative characteristics of the coastal wetland landscape and its spatial-temporal dynamics under the influence of artificial dykes in the Yellow River delta(YRD).It was analyzed by the methods of the statistical analysis of landscape structure,five selected landscape indices and the changes of spatial centroids of three typical wetland types,including reed marshes,tidal fiats and aquaculture-salt fields.The results showed that:(1)Reduction of wetland area,especially the degradation of natural wetlands,had been the principal problem since the dykes were constructed in the YRD.The dykes created conditions for the development of artificial wetlands.However,the new born artificial wetlands were still less than the vanished natural wetlands.(2)Compared with the open area,the building of artificial dykes significantly speeded up the changes of landscape patterns and the aggravation of the landscape fragmentation in the closed area.(3)The changes of area-weighted centroids of three typical wetland landscapes were greatly affected by dykes,and the movement of the centroid of the aquaculture-salt field was very sensitive to the dykes constructed in the corresponding period.