不同掘进工艺煤与瓦斯流固耦合数值模拟研究

井下瓦斯事故严重威胁着煤矿的安全,研究煤与瓦斯耦合作用规律并采取相应措施可以有效地防止事故发生.考虑瓦斯气体的可压缩性和吸附、解吸特性,假设瓦斯气体在煤体孔隙中的流动遵循Darcy定律,建立了考虑爆破因素的煤与瓦斯流固耦合数学模型,并利用comsol对其求解.结果表明:炮掘对煤体的破坏能力大于机掘;炮掘工艺下,爆破应力...     

Influence of fuel mass load, oxygen supply and burning rate on emission factor and size distribution of carbonaceous particulate matter from indoor corn straw burning

The uncertainty in emission estimation is strongly associated with the variation in emission factor (EF),which could be influenced by a variety of factors such as fuel properties,stove type,fire management and even methods used in measurements.The impacts of these factors are complicated and often interact with each other.Controlled burning experiments were conducted to investigate the influences of fuel mass load,air supply and burning rate on the emissions and size distributions of carbonaceous particulate matter (PM) from indoor corn straw burning in a cooking stove.The results showed that the EFs of PM (EFPM),organic carbon (EFOC) and elemental carbon (EFEC) were independent of the fuel mass load.The differences among them under different burning rates or air supply amounts were also found to be insignificant (p > 0.05) in the tested circumstances.PM from the indoor corn straw burning was dominated by fine PM with diameter less than 2.1 μm,contributing 86.4%±3.9% of the total.The size distribution of PM was influenced by the burning rate and air supply conditions.On average,EF PM,EF OC and EF EC for corn straw burned in a residential cooking stove were (3.84±1.02),(0.846±0.895) and (0.391±0.350) g/kg,respectively.EF PM,EF OC and EF EC were found to be positively correlated with each other (p < 0.05),but they were not significantly correlated with the EF of co-emitted CO,suggesting that special attention should be paid to the use of CO as a surrogate for other incomplete combustion pollutants.     

四氟硼酸化1-烷基—3-甲基咪唑离子液体对小鼠的急性经口毒性

采用寇式改良法研究了四氟硼酸化1-烷基—3-甲基咪唑离子液体对小鼠的急性毒性,考察了烷基侧链长度对毒性的影响,同时采用HE染色法观察了离子液体对小鼠胃、小肠、大肠、肝和肾组织的损害.结果表明,4种离子液体([Cnmim] BF4,n=10、12、14、18)对小鼠的肠、肝、肾等组织均有损伤,其LD50值在56.16 ～214.18 mg·kg-1之间,为中等毒性.四氟硼酸化1-烷基—3-甲基咪唑离子液体对小鼠的急性毒性与烷基侧链长度有关,当碳链长度为14时,毒性最强.     

TGGE法对水源热泵水体中细菌种群多样性及动态变化的研究

采用TGGE(Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis)方法对水源热泵水体的细菌群落结构进行了分析,首先提取水体微生物的总DNA,扩增16S V3区片段,然后进行TGGE分析。TGGE图谱的初步分析结果表明,安康湖水样中的细菌丰富度较高。在空调制冷期,细菌群落结构波动较大;而在空调制热期,细菌群落结构波动较小,说明夏季空调制冷期对水体的影响较大。相似性及聚类分析表明,空调运行的持续时间的长短及运行负荷的大小决定热泵尾水排放所影响的水域范围,尤其是对取水口处的影响。序列分析结果显示,水体中细菌属于3大类群:变形杆菌(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌(Bacteroides)。     

Photoelectro-Fenton treatment of pesticide triclopyr at neutral pH using Fe(III)–EDDS under UVA light or sunlight

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - One of the main challenges of electrochemical Fenton-based processes is the treatment of organic pollutants at near-neutral pH. As a potential...     

Construction of Circular Economy Industrial System

It is difficult to realize the transformation from traditional economy industrial system to circular economy industrial system. Regarding primary raw materials as the indicators, the industrial system has been specified according to the divergence among the indicators and the circular utilization modes. In comparison with the association among industrial systems, the relationship among industrial sub-systems is named as industrial cross-linking in this paper. The industrial system which could completely utiLize and recycle the indicators shouM be increased and strengthened, and the circular economy industrial system with complete industrial association and industrial cross-linking should also be constructed. Taking the development of circular agricultural system basing on the traditional agricultural system as an example, the traditional agricultural products are regarded as the indicators which have been divided into foodstuff and crop straws which are used to produce food and articles for use, Like fertilizer, energy and papers etc. The way to construct the circular agricultural industrial system is to increase the industrial systems that could utilize the products generated from crop straws, feces and other castoffs and transform the wastewater and other trucks into environmental friendly products. It has also been pointed out that the construction of circular economy industrial system is conducive to the foundation of circular industrial economics and the establishment of the construction layout of circular economy and the application schemes. Suggestions to the theoretical and practical work of the next step have also been brought forward in this paper.     

关于开辟珲春防川自由港问题的探讨

港口资源的开发对区域经济社会的发展具有重要意义。本文着重分析了珲春防川建立自由港的国内外环境特点:(1)港口位于东北亚轴心与经济枢纽部位;(2)环日本海各国间存在着较强的资源、技术、劳动力、资金等生产要素的不平衡;(3)建港地区的开发已经令周边各国瞩目;(4)建港地区具有开发的内在优势。提出珲春防川自由港类型选择及建设步骤。对东北地区的开发和我国全方位开放具有重要的参考价值。     

人口,资源,环境与发展系统研究的基本思路

人口、资源、环境与发展问题相互关联,构成了一个复杂巨系统。应用系统科学的思想方法研究这个复杂巨系统,是当前最令人注目的重大学术领域。本文探讨了这一系统研究的范围框架、基本内容结构和研究方法,建立了针对我国实际问题的系统概念模型。这一概念模型首次把人口、资源、环境、经济、科技、教育、文化等基本要素组织在一个完整的社会核算体系中。     

Cd~(2+) removal from wastewater by sulfate reducing bacteria with an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor

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绿色化学设计过程的定量化方法

通过对环境优先污染物的优化选择策略的研究，设计一种新的评价方法将化学物质对环境的影响定量化。具体先设计一个环境因子，尽量全面考虑到化学物质对环境的各种影响。用人力资本法对其进行经济评价，使最终通过化学物质的环境因子可得到定量化的经济影响。