Organobentonites as adsorbents for some organic pollutants and its application in wastewater treatment

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基于RRM模型的三峡库区重庆开县消落区土地利用生态风险评价

以三峡库区重庆开县消落区为研究对象,基于风险度量的基本原理,在实地考察、历史资料考证和2007年遥感影像景观分类的基础上引入相对风险模型,将研究区划分为4个风险单元,并选取5种生境类型、5类风险源和3种生态受体,以此计算该地区不同风险小区土地利用的综合生态风险值,并依据生态风险值的高低划分为4级.研究结果表明,在消落区内,风险等级随着土地出露水面海拔高度的增加而加大,在海拔达到170m以上的消落区生态系统受到的伤害更大.作物种植等风险源对生物物种、生态系统等生态受体的作用是生态风险增大的主要原因,其中,生物物种受到的风险最大,其次为生态系统、景观格局.研究结果可为三峡库区的环境保护和生态风险管理决策提供科学依据.     

台风暴雨

台风是经常侵袭我国的一种强烈天气系统。时常在我国造成严重的灾害。本文主要讨论与台风有关的暴雨特征。出没于中国大陆及沿海的台风暴雨主要有三种类型：１）台风之气旋性环流内的暴雨；２）台风外缘与西风带或辐热带系统等相互作用的暴雨；３）台风临近前的前置暴雨及其消散时的滞后暴雨。其中，第一种是最普遍常见的；而后两种亦常造成严重的危害，不可忽视。登陆我国的台风，由于其自身及外围环流系统和下垫面环境条件的不同，     

振动筛噪声控制

以治理某铁矿球团厂振动筛筛选焦炭产生较强机械性噪声为例,针对振动筛噪声的污染状况,根据振动筛的工况及工艺流程,结合工人操作上的具体要求,通过科学合理设计,采取简便有效的多种降噪措施及实用的创新技术,使振动筛的噪声得以较好地控制。     

ARC/INFO对外部数据库的动态访问

利用ARC/INFO的DATABASEINTEGRATOR模块功能,实现了在ARC/INFO环境对外部数据库的动态访问?该文就动态连接?访问外部库的条件和方法进行了论述?      

利用动态分段技术进行河流一维水质扩散模拟

作为GIS新技术,动态分段可以有效地实现河流一维水质扩散的模拟和空间显示分析。该文给出了动态分段数据库设计的基本思路、河流一维水质模型的功能设计及整个模拟系统的结构流程。      

含油废水粗粒化处理过程中除油率和油珠粒径分散度的研究

除油率和油珠粒径分散度是检验石化含油废水处理效果的两个重要指标。通过测定废水粗粒化处理前后分光光度值和油珠粒径的分布，较为精确地计算出含油废水处理后出水的除油率和油珠粒径分散度。采用紫外分光光度法测定含油量，显徽镜计数法测定油珠粒径分布，方法简单可靠。     

CASS工艺在处理低温生活污水中的应用研究

通过对CASS工艺处理低温生活污水的可行性研究 ,实验结果表明 :CASS工艺对处理低温生活污水原水 (平均浓度CODCr811 7mg L ;BOD52 95 7mg L ;SS 119 6mg L) ,其平均去除率分别为 85 7%、95 3%、91% ;CASS工艺对温度适应范围较广 (气温 - 5～ 2 0℃ ) ,但低温时SV和SVI值普遍高于常温条件 ;低温有利于氧的转移 ,且CASS池中DO周期性变化有利于除P脱N和防止污泥膨胀     

PM2.5 over North China based on MODIS AOD and effect of meteorological elements during 2003‒2015

• The Taihang Mountains was the boundary between high and low pollution areas. • There were one high value center for PM_2.5 pollution and two low value centers. • In 2004, 2009 and after 2013, PM_2.5 concentration was relatively low. Over the past 40 years, PM_2.5 pollution in North China has become increasingly serious and progressively exposes the densely populated areas to pollutants. However, due to limited ground data, it is challenging to estimate accurate PM_2.5 exposure levels, further making it unfavorable for the prediction and prevention of PM_2.5 pollutions. This paper therefore uses the mixed effect model to estimate daily PM_2.5 concentrations of North China between 2003 and 2015 with ground observation data and MODIS AOD satellite data. The tempo-spatial characteristics of PM_2.5 and the influence of meteorological elements on PM_2.5 is discussed with EOF and canonical correlation analysis respectively. Results show that overall R² is 0.36 and the root mean squared predicted error was 30.1 μg/m³ for the model prediction. Our time series analysis showed that, the Taihang Mountains acted as a boundary between the high and low pollution areas in North China; while the northern part of Henan Province, the southern part of Hebei Province and the western part of Shandong Province were the most polluted areas. Although, in 2004, 2009 and dates after 2013, PM_2.5 concentrations were relatively low. Meteorological/topography conditions, that include high surface humidity of area in the range of 34°‒40°N and 119°‒124°E, relatively low boundary layer heights, and southerly and easterly winds from the east and north area were common factors attributed to haze in the most polluted area. Overall, the spatial distribution of increasingly concentrated PM_2.5 pollution in North China are consistent with the local emission level, unfavorable meteorological conditions and topographic changes.     

不同水温下鲴鱼对铜绿微囊藻的控制作用及对水质的影响

在室内受控模拟条件下开展实验,研究了在19、23、27、31、35℃5个水温梯度下鲴鱼对铜绿微囊藻和水质的影响。研究结果表明,在不同水温下,鲴鱼对铜绿微囊藻具有较强的控制作用,实验结束时铜绿微囊藻密度减少至初始密度的18%~30%,摄食率和消化率分别为6.83×104~8.32×104cells/(g·d)、93%~98%;叶绿素a的去除率为68%~88%;实验组TP、TN去除率分别为22%~25%、20%~38%,对照组的分别为80%~94%、28%~40%。对照组NH+4-N浓度变化很小(0.071~0.073 mg/L),而实验组氨氮浓度显著增大(2.222~3.645 mg/L),分别为初始值的31、34、42、51和46倍。