The effect of fetal gender on second-trimester maternal serum inhibin-A concentration

Second-trimester serum inhibin-A is increasingly used as a fourth marker in addition to the triple test to screen for Down syndrome. We investigated whether fetal gender had an effect on serum inhibin-A concentration. A retrospective analysis was done on 316 normal pregnancies and 48 Down syndrome pregnancies in which maternal serum inhibin-A assays were performed between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation and in which the fetal sex was known. The median inhibin-A MoM (95% CI) for normal pregnancies in the presence of a male fetus was 0.93 (range 0.88–1.03). This was significantly lower than that in the presence of a female fetus (median MoM=1.04). The gender difference was not observed in the Down syndrome pregnancies. The increased inhibin-A concentration would lead to a 2.3-fold higher false-positive rate in the presence of a female fetus (10.6% vs 4.6%; p<0.05, Chi-square test). Because of the small number of cases studied, the results need to be substantiated by a larger series. If the gender effect is confirmed, adjustment for fetal sex may be necessary when inhibin-A is used as a screening marker. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

土地资源与区域农业结构的关系——以秦皇岛市域为例

土地类型学、土地资源学、土地利用现状研究以及土地利用规划被认为是土地科学的四个分支。实际上它们又可以被看作是一个整体的几个基本环节,彼此间具有紧密的联系。作者在1982—1983年在秦皇岛市域进行了土地资源调查工作,试图由此探讨土地科学中各分支之间的关系,以及有关的工作方法和工作程序。着重讨论土地资源的适宜性评价以及与确定区域农业结构的关系。     

上海市浦东开发区的淡水藻类生态调查

本文通过一年的淡水藻类生态调查,用多样性和重现性指数,计算了浦东开发区川扬河和浦东运河若干断面的藻类群落数据。结果表明,有两个断面重污染,一个轻污染,其余符合三级国标。Wilhm污染分级显示,在轻度污染水域,多样性指数与污染无明显相关性。     

Experimental study on the mechanism effect of seepage on microstructure of tailings

The deformation of microstructure of tailings caused by seepage is the main factor that leads the tailings dam to be damaged and lose stability. The effect of seepage on microstructure of tailings has been studied by a self-made observation testing apparatus of micro-mechanics and deformation of tailings, and its mechanism also has been explained in mechanics of particulate matter. The results show that the deformation response to microstructure of tailings is fast under load. The settlement of sample increases stepwise. Firstly, the fine particles crumble, then skeleton particles move, so as to noticeable settlement. Because the loose particles migrate taken by seepage water, the upper pores become bigger and lower pores become smaller. The relation of seepage water and settlement changing with time could be divided into two stages. In each stage, the rates of seepage and settlement reduce with time, and between the two stages, the rate of settlement increases significantly and the rate of seepage reduces with time. The seepage has significant effect on the particle size distribution of tailings in different depths, which has a little effect on the coarse tailings; the proportion of fine tailings increases significantly with the depth increasing; the minimum particle size decreases gradually and median diameter reduces stepwise with the depth increasing.     

硫化亚铁氧化自燃倾向性的实验研究

含硫油品储罐腐蚀产物FeS的氧化自燃是引起储罐火灾爆炸事故的主要原因。用同步热分析仪(STA)在30～900℃范围内对FeS进行热重热流分析,从物理吸附和化学反应的角度分析了不同粒径和不同升温速率FeS的自然氧化倾向性,计算了不同升温速率FeS的活化能。结果表明,FeS样品粒径越小,越容易发生氧化自燃反应;升温速率越大,FeS越不容易氧化。同时,不同升温速率条件下的FeS反应机制各不相同。从实验得出的动力学参数看出,FeS的氧化反应较复杂,而非简单的放热反应。     

环保监测应急系统的发展及应用分析

随着我国社会的不断发展,人们生活水平的不断提高,人们对于资源的索取以及对环境的污染、生态的破坏都愈发的严重,雾霾、酸雨等极端、恶劣的天气频发,对人们的日常生活带来了严重的影响。近些年我国也逐渐开始意识到环境污染的严重后果,开始采取相应的环保监测以及环保措施来保护我们赖以生存的环境,而环保监测应急系统的运用就是其中之一。本文就针对环保监测应急系统在我国的发展以及应用进行了分析,并就其存在的问题以及注意事项进行了阐述,旨在为我国创造良好的生态环境提供一点帮助。     

特厚煤层综放工作面多参量监测预警分析

根据某矿12220工作面特厚煤层综放开采,穿越F16逆冲断层的特殊情况,为保证安全生产及时提供预警信息,采用微震、钻屑量、支架阻力、地表变形多种监测手段综合分析回采过程中的参量变化规律。结果表明:微震活动的峰值能量周期约为3 d,回采间距约为4.5 m,且断层下盘较上盘的微震事件能量更集中;钻屑量的统计分析发现最大值出现在上巷下帮7～11 m和下巷上帮9～11 m范围内,划定该区域为巷帮高应力集中区,并将平均钻屑量3 kg/m作为黄色预警临界值,3.5 kg/m作为红色预警临界值;另外,根据支架前、后柱阻力变化情况,划定了2个连续变化的高压力区,发现在初撑力偏低,甚至不接顶、虚顶情况下,支架梁顶部煤体受自重和构造应力作用易发生准脆性受拉断裂破坏,且在穿越逆冲断层的回采过程中,支架阻力峰值呈现由中下部向上部转移的变化规律;最后,通过对地表走向、倾向测点的变形量数据进行统计分析发现,走向面后84.9～284.8 m范围内下沉量较大,下沉速率增幅明显;而工作面倾向中部下沉量最大,整体下沉变形呈二次抛物型,其中下部下沉速率增幅明显。     

影响文丘里除尘器性能的因素分析研究

分析研究了影响文丘里除尘器性能的因素,对多种影响因素与除尘效率、阻力及漏风之间的关系进行了回归分析,并推出了文丘里除尘器烟气带水的计算公式,为文丘里除尘器的设计、维护及安全经济运行提供了依据。     

ZR-KVV电缆排布数量对燃烧特性影响的实验研究

电缆在实际布置情况下通常是多根成束装配,而电缆的排布数量对运行安全性有很大影响,研究电缆的排布数量对燃烧特性的影响具有重要意义。使用锥形量热仪,对ZR-KVV电缆以不同数量排布,研究分析其质量损失速率、热释放速率等主要燃烧性能参数。实验结果表明,当电缆受到固定火源的辐射热流影响时,质量损失速率峰值和热释放速率峰值随着水平布置电缆数量的增加呈指数递增;随着外部辐射热流强度的增强,质量损失速率峰值和热释放速率峰值增加,总热释放速率则减小。     

小样本感度试验方法

提出了一种用于炸药及火工品感度试验的小样本方法。此方法较之传统的Ｂｒｕｃｅｔｏｎ升降法（估计方差一般需要３０ 个以上的试件,而且估计出的方差往往偏小）,可以在少于３０ 个试件的小样本的条件下,对方差进行估计,而且估计精度高。建立了高置信度、高可靠度的Ｐ发火刺激量置信限公式,该公式可以综合利用当前试验数据和以往经验数据,从而仅需少量当前试验,便可达到Ｂｒｕｃｅｔｏｎ 升降法采用３０ 个以上试件方能达到的精度,大大节省了试验的费用及时间。大量的ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ 模拟试验及实例分析都进一步证明了上述结论。