利用赤泥和造纸黑液研制散煤固硫助燃剂

根据钙系固硫剂固硫原理 ,将高CaO含量赤泥加入散煤中燃烧 ,发现其能够起到固硫的效果。但是赤泥的加入影响原煤的发热量 ,因此利用高有机质含量的造纸黑液来弥补其发热量的损失 ,从而研制成功了固硫助燃剂。试验结果表明 :固硫助燃剂能够起到对燃煤固硫助燃的效果 ,具有良好的应用前景     

炸药及火工品可靠性与安全性评定方法

可靠性的评定结果是否可信,直接关系到炸药及火工品的使用安全性和作用可靠性。但是,现有炸药及火工品可靠性评定方法却存在着达不到置信度要求、评价结果偏于危险的缺点。为此,提出了一种确定炸药及火工品安全度和可靠度的高精度方法,并给出了应用实例。该方法不仅可信程度高,而且适用于小样本情况,尤其是在利用了以往试验数据后,既可提高安全性和可靠性评定的精度,又可大大节省试验的费用及时间     

玉米芯生产单细胞蛋白研究——生产SCP的Candida Boidinii No.2201诱变菌株的筛选

本研究对用玉米芯酸水解液生产ＳＣＰ的ＣａｎｄｉｄａｂｏｉｄｉｎｉＮｏ．２２０１诱变株进行了初步筛选,选出了诱变菌株Ｙ１０８,其产量比原菌种增加２５％左右,达到了２８ｇ／Ｌ～３０ｇ／Ｌ,产品粗蛋白含量为３５％。初步研究表明,利用诱变株Ｙ１０８生产ＳＣＰ有可能成为未来较好的饲料蛋白添加剂     

基于疏导方式的感应电防护措施研究

为了降低作业过程中感应电电击对工作人员的伤害,通过对感应电电击过程中的稳态电击电流与暂态电击能量分析,提出了基于疏导方式的感应电防护理念。在该理念的基础上对普通工作服进行重新设计,加入导电手套、导电鞋以及夹在工作服中的导线和导线接口组成电流放电通道,避免感应电流直接经过人体器官。通过实验室试验及现场应用证明：所设计的感应电防护服可有效避免在强电磁场环境中作业以及线路参数测试过程中稳态电击与暂态电击对人体的伤害,保障工作人员的安全。     

The role of lipids in fermentative propionate production from the co-fermentation of lipid and food waste

● Lipid can promote PA production on a target from food waste. ● PA productivity reached 6.23 g/(L∙d) from co-fermentation of lipid and food waste. ● Lipid promoted the hydrolysis and utilization of protein in food waste. ● Prevotella , Veillonella and norank _f _Propioni bacteriaceae were enriched. ● Main pathway of PA production was the succinate pathway. Food waste (FW) is a promising renewable low-cost biomass substrate for enhancing the economic feasibility of fermentative propionate production. Although lipids, a common component of food waste, can be used as a carbon source to enhance the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during co-fermentation, few studies have evaluated the potential for directional propionate production from the co-fermentation of lipids and FW. In this study, co-fermentation experiments were conducted using different combinations of lipids and FW for VFA production. The contributions of lipids and FW to propionate production, hydrolysis of substrates, and microbial composition during co-fermentation were evaluated. The results revealed that lipids shifted the fermentation type of FW from butyric to propionic acid fermentation. Based on the estimated propionate production kinetic parameters, the maximum propionate productivity increased significantly with an increase in lipid content, reaching 6.23 g propionate/(L∙d) at a lipid content of 50%. Propionate-producing bacteria Prevotella, Veillonella, and norank_f_Propionibacteriaceae were enriched in the presence of lipids, and the succinate pathway was identified as a prominent fermentation route for propionate production. Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional annotation revealed that the expression of functional genes associated with amino acid metabolism was enhanced by the presence of lipids. Collectively, these findings will contribute to gaining a better understanding of targeted propionate production from FW.     

防震减灾：依法行政——为最大限度地减轻地震灾害损失 提供更加有力的政策法规保障

在党中央、国务院的重视和关心下,中国地震局成立了政策法规司,进一步强化了政策法规职能。防震减灾政策法规工作,包括政策研究、法制建设和标准计量等方面,是全局性、综合性工作．对推进事业发展起着重要的作用。     

Biological removal of air loaded with a hydrogen sulfide and ammonia mixture

The nuisance impact of air pollutant emissions from wastewater pumping stations is a major issue of concern to China. Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are commonly the primary odor and are important targets for removal. An alternative control technology, biofiltration, was studied. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of unit systems packed with compost in terms of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions treatment, and to establish optimal operating conditions for a full-scale conceptual design. The laboratory scale biofilter packed with compost was continuously supplied with hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas mixtures. A volumetric load of less than 150 gH2S/(m^3.d) and 230 gNH3/(m^3.d) was applied for about fifteen weeks. Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia elimination occurred in the biofilter simultaneously. The removal efficiency, removal capacity and removal kinetics in the biofilter were studied. The hydrogen sulfide removal efficiency reached was very high above 99%, and ammonia removal efficiency was about 80%. Hydrogen sulfide was oxidized into sulphate. The ammonia oxidation products were nitrite and nitrate. Ammonia in the biofilter was mainly removed by adsorption onto the carrier material and by absorption into the water fraction of the carrier material. High percentages of hydrogen sulfide or ammonia were oxidized in the first section of the column. Through kinetics analysis, the presence of ammonia did not hinder the hydrogen sulfide removal. According to the relationship between pressure drop and gas velocity for the biofilter and Reynolds number, non-Darcy flow can be assumed to represent the flow in the medium.     

基于深度学习的大数据空气污染预报

为了更好地反映环境污染变化趋势,为环境管理决策提供及时、全面的环境质量信息,预防严重污染事件发生,开展城市空气质量预报研究是十分必要的.本文针对环境大数据时代下的城市空气质量预报,提出了一种基于深度学习的新方法.该方法通过模拟人类大脑的神经连接结构,将数据在原空间的特征表示转换到具有语义特征的新特征空间,自动地学习得到层次化的特征表示,从而提高预报性能.得益于这种方式,新方法与传统方法相比,不仅可以利用空气质量监测、气象监测及预报等环境大数据,充分考虑污染物的时空变化、空间分布,得到语义性的污染物变化规律,还可以基于其他空气污染预测方法的结果(如数值预报模式),自动分析其适用范围、优势劣势.因此,新方法通过模拟人脑思考过程实现更充分的大数据集成,一定程度上克服了现有方法的缺陷,应用上更加具有灵活性和可操作性.最后,通过实验证明新方法可以提高空气污染预报性能.     

Study on macro-meso mechanical properties of cemented tailings backfill with high fly ash content

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The use of cement and fly ash (FA) to prepare cemented tailings backfill (CTB) lowers backfill mining costs while also reducing pollution caused by...     

中药抗菌剂对费氏弧菌的单一及联合毒性效应

抗生素滥用所导致的环境问题日益受到人们的关注,寻找传统抗生素的可能替代品迫在眉睫.从中药中提取的具有抗菌活性的化合物(简称中药抗菌剂)因具有资源丰富、抗菌谱广和不良反应低等特点,有望成为未来替代抗生素的关键.因此,有必要探究中药抗菌剂的毒性效应,这可以对未来中药抗菌剂使用后的生态风险提供指导.本文以费氏弧菌作为模式生物,分别测定了大黄素(emodin,EMO)、大黄酸(rhein,RH)、芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin,AE)和双氢青蒿素(dihydroartemisinin,DHA)4种中药抗菌剂对费氏弧菌的单一和多元联合毒性,同时进行了抑菌作用机理的初步讨论.结果 表明,4种中药抗菌剂对费氏弧菌的生物荧光均能产生较为明显的抑制作用,毒性排序是EMO＞RH＞AE＞DHA.而当EMO、RH、AE和DHA混合暴露时,混合物在高浓度区间的联合毒性作用模式均为拮抗,推测是受试中药抗菌剂之间互相竞争性地对NADH脱氢酶产生抑制作用,从而导致对发光反应的抑制作用较单一暴露时减弱.本研究对未来中药抗菌剂单一及联合毒性效应的研究具有积极的推动作用,有望为今后中药抗菌剂的生态风险评价提供参考.