NMR study of the humification process during sewage sludge treatment

Humic acids, extracted from sludge at the biologic-mechanical sewage treatment plant in Jastrzebie Zdroj, have been investigated by means of (1)H, (13)C and (31)P NMR spectroscopy. Sludge samples for studies were taken from the primary settling tank, the nitrification chamber, the digestion chamber and the sludge drying beds. The (1)H NMR analysis of humic acid extracted from sludge at various stages of sewage treatment confirmed the presence of the functional groups that are characteristic for humic substances, and the analysis showed changes in their relative intensities. The (13)C NMR indicated that the aromatisation of the humic acid increased during sewage treatment. Moreover, the analysis of the (31)P NMR spectra allowed us to observe the changes in the phosphorus groups of the studied humic acids.     

西藏冰湖溃决主要特征

西藏是我国冰湖分布最多的地区。冰湖常发生溃决,其中最典型是终碛冰湖的溃决。冰湖溃决所导致的泥石流,具有突发性强、频率低、洪峰高、流量大、流量过程暴涨暴落和破坏力强及灾害波及范围广等特点。从20世纪30年代中期至今,已查明西藏15个冰川终碛湖至少发生过18次溃决。通过对这些溃决事件的分析,探讨了终碛湖溃决的时空分布特征,发现该事件的发生与气候变化,特别是与气候异常年份有显著的对应关系。结合近年冰湖分布和变化资料,讨论了未来的发展趋势。具体分析了溃决洪水过程和冰湖溃决洪水泥石流演变过程。     

延边地区水稻稳产高产施肥体系的探讨

采用二次饱和D-最优设计,建立了有机肥、氮肥、磷肥和钾肥配合施用对水稻产量影响的数学模型.研究表明有机肥施用量的过多或过少均使水稻产量下降,化肥的施用也有相似的影响;有机肥与氮肥、磷肥、钾肥只有施用量在适宜的范围内,交互作用较大,产量最高.提出了延边地区水稻获得稳产、高产的施肥体系.     

苯蒸气在有机膨润土上的吸附动力学

本文研究了苯蒸气在溴化十六烷基三甲基胺（CTMAB）系列单阳离子有机膨润土上的吸附动力学过程。结果表明,苯蒸气在有机膨润土上的吸附符合一级动力学方程,即：r＝KvCo;在12h内,吸附反应均可达到平衡,吸附速率常数（Kv）与温度（T）成正相关,吸附反应的活化能在9．50－17．92kJ.mol^-1之间。     

气相色谱-高分辨双聚焦磁质谱测定水中超痕量多氯萘

采用固相萃取法处理水样,气相色谱-高分辨双聚焦磁质谱法测定水中超痕量多氯萘,同位素内标法定量,并对样品前处理条件和仪器条件进行优化。试验表明：方法在0．500 ng/L～500 ng/L范围内线性良好;当取样体积为1 L时,方法检出限为0．005 ng/L～0．01 ng/L;对实际水样进行2个质量浓度水平的加标回收试验,平行测定6次的 RSD为2．7％～8．7％,回收率为70．2％～110％。方法适用性试验表明,水样中复杂的基质对测定无影响。     

The distribution and enrichment characteristics of copper in soil and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phragmites australis</Emphasis> of Liao River estuary wetland

The aims of the present investigation were to reveal the distribution and enrichment characteristics of copper in soil and Phragmites australis of Liao River estuary wetland. The concentrations of copper in root, stem, leaf, and ear of Phragmites australis as well as in soil were determined to study the absorption capacity of copper by wild Phragmites australis of Liao River estuary wetland. The study was carried out at test pool of the Shenyang Agricultural University, and the experimental materials (soil, irrigating water and Phragmites australis) were derived from Liao River estuary wetland. The concentrations of copper in soil and Phragmites australis were 16.4441 to 49.0209 mg/kg and 0.8621 to 89.5524 mg/kg, respectively. The results indicated that the enrichment coefficients of copper in different tissues of Phragmites australis changed with the growth of Phragmites australis. The results revealed that the enrichment coefficients of copper in the whole Phragmites australis were greater than 1 at each growing stage of the Phragmites australis. The results also showed that the transfer coefficients of Phragmites australis to copper changed with the growth of Phragmites australis. The results revealed that the Phragmites australis had a good removal effect on copper from soil and had some characteristics of copper hyperaccumulator.     

污染土壤中铅的测定方法比对

采用原子吸收光谱法(AAS法)、电感耦合等离子发射光谱法(ICP-OES法)和X-荧光光谱法(XRF法)分别测定污染土壤中的铅,并对检出限、精密度、准确度等指标进行了比对。结果表明,3种方法均能满足质量控制的要求,测定结果之间无显著性差异; 3种方法中ICP-OES法和XRF法可同时测定多元素,但XRF法更快速简便。     

T酸一次洗水初步处理的研究

采用重氮化－偶合－混凝沉淀和重氮化－混凝沉淀两种方法对Ｔ酸一次洗水的初步处理进步了研究。Ｔ酸一次洗水经两种方法处理后,ＣＯＤ去除率分别为６１．３％、５０．５％,色度去除率分别为７４．６％、７１％。     

The effect of moisture content within multilayer protective clothing on protection from radiation and steam

The moisture from skin sweat and atmospheric water affects the thermal protective performance provided by multilayer protective clothing. Four levels of moisture content were selected to evaluate the impact of moisture on thermal protection under dry (thermal radiation) and wet (thermal radiation and low-pressure steam) heat exposure. Also, the role of moisture and its relationship with exposure time were analyzed based on skin heat flux and Henriques integral value. The addition of moisture to a fabric system was found to result in differences in second-degree and third-degree skin burn times. When moisture is added to a fabric system, it both acts as a thermal conductor to present a negative effect and provides a positive effect owing to thermal storage of water and evaporative heat loss. The positive or negative effects of moisture are mainly dependent on the thermal exposure time, the moisture content and the presence of hot steam.     

High CO2 adsorption on improved ZSM-5 zeolite porous structure modified with ethylenediamine and desorption characteristics with microwave

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Synthesized zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) with large pore surface structures and modified with ethylenediamine were used to achieve high CO2...