首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   5714篇
  免费   547篇
  国内免费   1987篇
安全科学   657篇
废物处理   216篇
环保管理   455篇
综合类   3854篇
基础理论   949篇
环境理论   1篇
污染及防治   1215篇
评价与监测   356篇
社会与环境   340篇
灾害及防治   205篇
  2024年   46篇
  2023年   117篇
  2022年   342篇
  2021年   335篇
  2020年   376篇
  2019年   263篇
  2018年   284篇
  2017年   288篇
  2016年   287篇
  2015年   379篇
  2014年   434篇
  2013年   601篇
  2012年   557篇
  2011年   568篇
  2010年   455篇
  2009年   429篇
  2008年   379篇
  2007年   385篇
  2006年   296篇
  2005年   210篇
  2004年   166篇
  2003年   163篇
  2002年   149篇
  2001年   147篇
  2000年   138篇
  1999年   82篇
  1998年   82篇
  1997年   67篇
  1996年   48篇
  1995年   45篇
  1994年   37篇
  1993年   28篇
  1992年   23篇
  1991年   12篇
  1990年   11篇
  1989年   7篇
  1988年   1篇
  1987年   5篇
  1986年   1篇
  1985年   1篇
  1984年   1篇
  1983年   1篇
  1982年   2篇
排序方式: 共有8248条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
571.
The streaming potential has been wildly used in charged parallel plates, capillaries, and porous media. However, there have been few studies involving the ζ potential of clay soils based on streaming potential measurements. A laboratory apparatus was developed in this study to measure the streaming potential (ΔE) of bulk clay soils’ coupling coefficient (C) and cell resistance (R) of saturated granular soil samples. Excellent linearity of ΔE versus liquid pressure (ΔP) ensured the validity of measurements. The obtained parameters of C and R can be used to calculate the ζ potential of bulk soils. The results indicated that the ζ potentials measured by streaming potential method were significantly correlated with the ζ potentials of soil colloids determined by electrophoresis (r 2?=?0.960**). Therefore, the streaming potential method can be used to study the ζ potentials of bulk clay soils. The absolute values of the ζ potentials of four soils followed the order: Ultisol from Jiangxi?>?Ultisol from Anhui?>?Oxisol from Guangdong?>?Oxisol from Hainan, and this was consistent with the cation exchange capacities of these soils. The type and concentration of electrolytes affected soil ζ potentials. The ζ potential became less negative with increased electrolyte concentration. The ζ potentials were more negative in monovalent than in divalent cationic electrolyte solutions because more divalent cations were distributed in the shear plane of the diffuse layer as counter-cations on the soil surfaces than monovalent cations at the same electrolyte concentration.  相似文献   
572.
Significant losses in harvested fruit can be directly attributable to decay fungi and quality deterioration. Hot water treatment (HWT) has been demonstrated to be an effective and economic environment-friendly approach for managing postharvest decay and maintaining fruit quality. In this study, the effects of HWT (45 °C for 10, 15, 20, and 25 min) on in vitro growth of Fusarium oxysporum, in vivo Fusarium rot, and natural decay of melon were investigated. HWT inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of F. oxysporum. Protein impairment and ATP consumption triggered by HWT contributed to the inhibitory effect. Results of in vivo studies showed that HWT effectively controlled Fusarium rot and natural decay of melon. Correspondingly, HWT induced a significant increase in content of total phenolic compounds and lignin of melon. These findings indicate that the effects of HWT on Fusarium rot may be associated with the direct fungal inhibition and the elicitation of defense responses in fruit. Importantly, HWT used in this study had beneficial effects on fruit quality as well. HWT may represent an effective non-chemical approach for management of postharvest Fusarium rot.  相似文献   
573.
Empirical critical loads for N deposition effects and maps showing areas projected to be in exceedance of the critical load (CL) are given for seven major vegetation types in California. Thirty-five percent of the land area for these vegetation types (99,639 km2) is estimated to be in excess of the N CL. Low CL values (3–8 kg N ha?1 yr?1) were determined for mixed conifer forests, chaparral and oak woodlands due to highly N-sensitive biota (lichens) and N-poor or low biomass vegetation in the case of coastal sage scrub (CSS), annual grassland, and desert scrub vegetation. At these N deposition critical loads the latter three ecosystem types are at risk of major vegetation type change because N enrichment favors invasion by exotic annual grasses. Fifty-four and forty-four percent of the area for CSS and grasslands are in exceedance of the CL for invasive grasses, while 53 and 41% of the chaparral and oak woodland areas are in exceedance of the CL for impacts on epiphytic lichen communities. Approximately 30% of the desert (based on invasive grasses and increased fire risk) and mixed conifer forest (based on lichen community changes) areas are in exceedance of the CL. These ecosystems are generally located further from emissions sources than many grasslands or CSS areas. By comparison, only 3–15% of the forested and chaparral land areas are estimated to be in exceedance of the NO3? leaching CL. The CL for incipient N saturation in mixed conifer forest catchments was 17 kg N ha?1 yr?1. In 10% of the CL exceedance areas for all seven vegetation types combined, the CL is exceeded by at least 10 kg N ha?1 yr?1, and in 27% of the exceedance areas the CL is exceeded by at least 5 kg N ha?1 yr?1. Management strategies for mitigating the effects of excess N are based on reducing N emissions and reducing site N capital through approaches such as biomass removal and prescribed fire or control of invasive grasses by mowing, selective herbicides, weeding or domestic animal grazing. Ultimately, decreases in N deposition are needed for long-term ecosystem protection and sustainability, and this is the only strategy that will protect epiphytic lichen communities.  相似文献   
574.
Tao  Miaomiao  Xu  Ying  Liu  Qingyang  Liu  Yanju  Tian  Shili  Schauer  James J. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(3):1281-1286
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Plants remove efficiently atmospheric pollution by soot particles, yet the mechanisms used by leaves to capture soot particles are unclear. Here, we studied the...  相似文献   
575.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Hydroxylated polyhalodiphenyl ethers (HO-PXDEs) have attracted considerable scientific interest as examples of emerging aquatic pollutants. However, a...  相似文献   
576.
本文讨论了区域水资源的评价问题.无论是地表水、地下水,还是土壤水都是来源于大气降水,降水资源才是区域总水资源;同时讨论了区域水资源的平衡原理.降水资源转化了截留水、地表水、土壤水和地下水4项水资源.该文对这2种不同的水体进行了深入讨论,着重论述了土壤水资源的概念及其特征.并对潜水蒸发和水资源的价值问题提出了看法.  相似文献   
577.
石油工业废弃物处置及其生物治理趋势   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
鉴于我国石油工作者对石油工业废弃物的普遍关注,现在介绍生物治理的基本概念及SPE石油工程师协会中有关含油污泥生物处置的途径及其突出优越性。生物液/固处理工艺(LST)是目前含油污泥处置现场最经济可行的处置方案。这种好氧的LST工艺过程,能够比较充分地代谢和降解石油污泥中的油和脂并大量除去多环芳烃类(PAH)化合物及其它有机化合物,明显地降低了石油废弃物对人、畜的毒害程度。其工艺较简单,操作也简易,凡经此工艺处理后的废弃物不留残毒和后患,因此早已被世界上先进国家的炼油业视为处理含油污泥的有效选择了。石油工业废弃物的生物防治和生物降解工艺较大程度地领先于目前我国现场正在执行的各种处理含油废弃物的处理工艺。  相似文献   
578.
南京理工大学高压实验室及其研制高压水射流切割机   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
南京理工大学高压实验室自80年代初建立以来,在高压容器及武器发射管的自紧理论和工程应用、高压零部件研制、高压传感器和信号放大显示系统、高压介质等方面做了大量的工作。93年以来,进行了水射流切割机的研制工作,解决了超高压缸体的动态密封、高压缸体的自增强、无触点式换向传感器、内衬不锈钢组合型高压容器等诸多问题,试制成功了水射流切割机样机。  相似文献   
579.
大空间室内火灾早期自动探测与定位研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
本文在深入研究早期火灾一般燃烧火焰在彩色影像上所呈现的光谱及运动特性基础上,首次提出利用彩色影像实时探测室内火灾的新方法,通过物方坐标与像方坐标的直接线性变换,实现了早期火灾的自动探测与空间定位,实验证明了该方法的有效性与稳健性,且具有巨大的应用前景。  相似文献   
580.
袁兴中  刘红 《资源开发与市场》1995,11(4):162-164,173
山东省自然条件优越,生态环境多样,因而具有极其丰富的生物多样性,本文初步研究了山东省生物多样性现状,保护与经济协调发展对策。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号