Simulated adsorption of iodine by an amino-metal-organic framework modified with covalent bonds

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Radioactive iodine in nuclear waste is increasingly harmful to the human body and the environment because of its strong radioactivity, high fluidity,...     

Biosorption of lead ion by chemically-modified biomass of marine brown algae Laminaria japonica

In this paper, marine brown algae Laminaria japonica was chemically-modified by crosslinking with epichlorohydrin (EC(1), EC(2)), or oxidizing by potassium permanganate (PC), or only washed by distilled water (DW). They were used for equilibrium sorption uptake studies with lead. As can be seen from the experimental results that biosorption equilibriums were rapidly established in about 2h. The lead adsorption was strictly pH dependent, and maximum removal of lead on biosorbents were observed at pH 5.3. The effects solid/liquid ratio on lead biosorption was also investigated. The maximum lead uptakes were 1.67 mmol g(-1), 1.62 mmol g(-1), 1.54 mmol g(-1) and 1.21 mmol g(-1), respectively for EC(1), EC(2), PC and DW. The order of maximum lead uptakes for different pretreated and raw alga was EC(1)>EC(2)>PC>DW. A comparison of different isotherm models revealed that the combination of Langmuir and Freundlich (L-F) isotherm model fitted the experimental data best.     

刍议环境监测在环境保护工作中的作用研究

随着中国社会主义市场经济的进步和发展,人们的环保意识日渐增加,对环境保护工作的要求越来越高。为了提升环境保护工作的质量,必须要大力发展环境的监测技术。因为环境监测是环境保护工作中的重要组成部分,其作用主要是全面、及时、准确的反映当前环境的质量以及环境问题的发展趋势,为人类的环境保护工作提供科学的依据。鉴于环境监测的重要性,中国环保单位必须要高度重视环境监测技术的研究和发展,提高环境监测的效率和质量。     

不同钝化剂对土壤有效态铅和镉含量的影响

通过向土壤中添加蚕沙、熟石灰和磷酸二氢钾,研究不同钝化处理对土壤有效态重金属含量、pH值及有机质含量的影响。结果表明:添加蚕沙和熟石灰都能使土壤中高植物有效性的有效态Pb和有效态Cd大幅下降;其中以单施蚕沙处理效果最优,其对Pb和Cd的钝化效率分别达到36.5%和39.2%,而蚕沙+熟石灰处理钝化效果次之,分别为24.3%和26.9%。磷酸二氢钾的钝化作用不明显。添加熟石灰对土壤pH值影响最大,而蚕沙大幅增加了土壤中有机质含量。经统计分析,土壤pH值、有机质含量都与土壤有效态Pb、Cd含量之间呈负相关,说明通过提高土壤pH值及有机质含量,降低土壤重金属活性是土壤重金属钝化的主要机理。     

化学事故处置演习方案设计的研究

本文介绍了化学事故处置演习方案设计的原则,总结了化学事故处置演习方案设计的步骤,提出了化学事故处置演习方案的要素,同时也为消防演习的顺利进行和化学事故处置预案的合理性提供了依据。     

Surfactant-assisted adsorption of uranyl ions in aqueous solution on TiO2/polythiophene nanocomposite

In this work, hexadecyltrimethylammonium-bromide (HTAB)-modified polythiophene (PTh)/TiO₂ nanocomposite (HTAB/PTh/TiO₂) was applied to remove uranyl ions (UO₂²⁺). FT-IR, XRD, ζ potential, TGA, SEM, and XPS were utilized to obtain the chemical and physical properties of HTAB/PTh/TiO₂. The effects of HTAB content, preparation temperature, and adsorption conditions on UO₂²⁺ removal were investigated comprehensively. And the UO₂²⁺ adsorption process on HTAB/PTh/TiO₂ was fitted to the Sips model with a saturated adsorption capacity of 234.74 mg/g, which was 6 times over TiO₂. The results suggested that the surfactant of HTAB can significantly improve the adsorption ability of TiO₂ for UO₂²⁺ ions. This work provides a strategy of surfactant modification for enhancing the separation and recovery ability of adsorbent toward UO₂²⁺ in the radioactive wastewater.

     

中国人口发展与人口产业结构调整

本文通过对中国人口产业结构现状的分析,全面讨论了人口产业结构优化对经济科技发展的影响和作用,进而提出了人口产业结构转变对促进经济科技发展的若干结论。     

我国农村水污染现状及防治方法

随着农村经济的发展,农村水环境污染越来越严重,在简要分析我国水污染现状及成因的基础上,针对我国农村水污染情况,探讨了几种适合防治农村水污染的技术,并提出农村水污染防治的几点建议。     

Abatement of SO2–NOx binary gas mixtures using a ferruginous active absorbent: Part I. Synergistic effects and mechanism

A novel ferruginous active absorbent, prepared by fly ash, industrial lime and the additive Fe(VI), was introduced for synchronous abatement of binary mixtures of SO₂–NOx from simulated coal-fired flue gas. The synergistic action of various factors on the absorption of SO₂ and NOx was investigated. The results show that a strong synergistic effect exists between Fe(VI) dose and reaction temperature for the desulfurization. It was observed that in the denitration process, the synergy of Fe(VI) dose and Ca/(S + N) had the most significant impact on the removal of NO, followed by the synergy of Fe(VI) and reaction temperature, and then the synergy of reaction temperature and flue gas humidity. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an accessory X-ray energy spectrometer (EDS) were used to observe the surface characteristics of the raw and spent absorbent as well as fly ash. A reaction mechanism was proposed based on chemical analysis of sulfur and nitrogen species concentrations in the spent absorbent. The Gibbs free energy, equilibrium constants and partial pressures of the SO₂–NOx binary system were determined by thermodynamics.     

UASB-兼氧-接触氧化-气浮处理生物制药废水

采用UASB-兼氧-接触氧化-气浮工艺处理高浓度生物制药废水,以废水中BOD5、COD和SS为主要因子,进水浓度为15000、8800和2500mg/L的条件下,经4个单元的处理,出水浓度可达164、20.3和38mg/L。该工艺具有系统稳定、污泥量少,产生沼气和综合利用等特点,具有推广价值。