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781.
Chlorophenols (ClPhs) are considered as important precursors for PCDD/Fs formation. The influences of series of metal oxides including MgO, Al2O3, CaO, BaO, TiO2, V2O5, MnO2, Fe2O3, Co3O4, CuO, Ag2O, ZnO, HgO, SnO, PbO, La2O3, CeO2, and Eu2O3 on PCDD/Fs formation from pentachlorophenol (PCP) were investigated in a laboratory-scale reactor. The results indicated that most of the above metal oxides have obvious suppressing effects on the total amount of PCDD/Fs formation from precursor PCP except for CuO, ZnO, MnO2, TiO2 and Co3O4 with promotion effects at 280 degrees C for 2 h. Although MgO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, PbO, La2O3 and Eu2O3 could reduce the amount of octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), they promote the formation of more toxic 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD at the same time. The total suppressing efficiencies of several metal oxides including CaO, BaO, PbO, Ag2O, HgO and SnO which have lower Z/r (charge to radius ratio) <2 are all over 90%. The theories of generalized acid-base and atomic parameter (Z/r) were used to speculate the effecting mechanisms. The factors including time and temperature on suppressing efficiencies of CaO, BaO and PbO have also been studied in the present paper. The results showed that the total suppressing efficiencies of CaO, BaO and PbO increase with the increase of heated time and temperature. 相似文献
782.
783.
脉冲放电烟气脱硫脱硝技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了脉冲放电等离子体烟气脱硫脱硝技术的发展历史、研究现状、进展及其存在的问题. 相似文献
784.
785.
生物质废弃物催化裂解制备富氢燃气实验研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
由生物质废弃物催化裂解制取氢气是一种可再生的制氢方法,本研究采用2段加热管式反应器,前段装生物质,后段装催化剂,用以研究生物质催化裂解制取氢气的特性,并提出潜在氢产率的概念对生物质制氢的经济技术可行性进行深入的分析。测试的3种生物质废弃物为:松木粉、木质素和纤维素,测试温度为600~700℃。实验结果表明,加入催化剂后3种物料的产氢率从5.48~15.06g/kg增加到12.94~37.73g/kg;催化剂对潜在产氢率的影响较小,加入催化剂前后的变化范围为:36、25~98、86g/kg到37.40~116.98g/kg。生物质废弃物催化裂解产氢率与相同温度下空气-水蒸气气化的氢产率相当,实验结果证明,生物质废弃物催化裂解是一种有效的制氢方法。 相似文献
786.
787.
本文详细论述了中国和世界的水资源状况,并论述了中国的水资源短缺状况、中国用水的优劣势,以及如何解决中国水资源短缺的措施和基本战略。 相似文献
788.
Comparison of microbial community between two shallow freshwater lakes in middle Yangtze basin, East China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In order to investigate the role of the microbial community in aquatic ecology and nutrient transformations in the development of eutrophication in large shallow freshwater lakes along Yangtze River, the microbial community in the depth-related sediment in Lake Chaohu and Lake Longganhu were compared. Lake Chaohu is one of the three most polluted lakes in China. However, the neighboring Lake Longganhu, a mesotrophic lake, is relatively pristine. The total phosphorous (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) concentration in water was detected at 0.193 mgl(-1) and 3.035 mgl(-1) for Lake Chaohu, 0.051 mgl(-1) and 0.774 mgl(-1) for Lake Longganhu, respectively. The population of the microorganisms with various ecological nutrient transforming functions (e.g. phosphate solubilizing, denitrifying and cellulose decomposing) and a batch of environmental parameters concerning the nutrient accumulating and transforming (e.g. total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorous concentrations) were assayed in the depth-related sediment samples from several defined points in both lakes. The sediment samples from Lake Chaohu showed higher density of actinomycetes (P<0.05) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (P<0.001) and less profusion of denitrifying bacteria (P<0.05) and cellulolytic microbes (P<0.001), compared with those of Lake Longganhu. The data suggested that the current microbial community in the sediment of Lake Chaohu is in favor of sustaining or further accelerating the process of the lake eutrophication. A possible positive feedback loop which consists of sustained growth of microorganisms and gradual decline of lake eutrophic status is worth further discussing. 相似文献
789.
印刷线路板废弃物的热解与动力学实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分别应用管式炉反应器和热重分析手段对印刷线路板废弃物的热解行为和热解动力学进行了实验研究。在管式炉中,研究不同的热解温度:700~950℃,对产物分布和气体成分分布的影响。实验结果表明:PCB热解气体的主要成分是H2和CO2,气体的热值较低,仅为2.09~5.41MJ/m^3,PCB不适合以气体产物为目标的能源利用方式。应用Friedman方法对PCB的热解动力学进行了研究,求得PCB的热解动力学参数分别是:表观活化能190.92kJ/mol,反应级数5.97,指前因子lnA47.14min^-1。 相似文献
790.
Say Leong Ong Suhash Kumar Sarkar Lai Yoke Lee Jiang Yong Hu How Yong Ng Mark van Loosdrecht 《Water environment research》2006,78(4):372-380
The effects of formaldehyde on biofilm morphology and biomass activity were investigated in an ultracompact biofilm reactor (UCBR) for carbonaceous wastewater treatment. The wastewater contained a fixed amount of glucose (with a chemical oxygen demand concentration of 600 mg/L) and an increasing concentration of formaldehyde (ranging from 21.4 to 271.1 mg/L). An influent formaldehyde concentration higher than 75 mg/L could facilitate filamentous growth (on biofilm) control and lead to a higher biofilm density, which is desirable as it enhanced the UCBR performance stability. However, at an influent formaldehyde concentration higher than 214.4 mg/L, biomass production was inhibited and deteriorations of biofilm morphology and biomass activity were observed. This study showed that it was desirable to maintain an influent formaldehyde concentration lower than 202.2 mg/L, as this concentration could achieve a good biofilm morphology while not inhibiting its microbial activity. 相似文献