间歇式活性污泥法处理啤酒废水

在实验研究基础上，成功地应用间歇式活性污泥法（以下简称ＳＢＲ法）处理啤酒生产废水。实践证明该工艺具有总投资省、处理效果好，对废水水质适应性强、工艺稳定、能耗低等优点。     

Preparation of glass–ceramics from blast furnace slag and its heavy metal curing properties

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - High-performance slag glass–ceramics were prepared by melting method using rare earth-containing blast furnace slag as the main raw material...     

高铁酸钾预处理垃圾渗滤液

采用自制高纯度高铁酸钾预处理危废填埋场和垃圾焚烧厂的垃圾渗滤液,探讨和分析了处理效果。正交实验表明,高铁酸钾预处理危废填埋场渗滤液COD的最佳条件为:高铁酸钾与COD的初始质量浓度比为0.5、渗滤液初始pH值4.00、反应温度30℃、反应时间40 min,此时COD去除率达71.51%。此最佳条件下高铁酸钾对不同类型垃圾渗滤液的色度、SS、COD、BOD5、氨氮、总磷、重金属离子等污染因子都具有良好的去除效果,危废填埋场渗滤液经高铁酸钾预处理后可以直接进入后续生化处理系统;垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液预处理后其COD为2 861.0 mg/L,经二次预处理也可进入生化处理系统。实验结果表明,高铁酸钾对不同类型垃圾渗滤液都具有良好的预处理效果。     

Influence of tetracycline exposure on the growth of wheat seedlings and the rhizosphere microbial community structure in hydroponic culture

In this study, the effects of tetracycline exposure on wheat growth and the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere were investigated under hydroponic culture conditions. Exposure to various concentrations of tetracycline resulted in significant suppression of the growth of wheat roots and shoots, with minimum doses of 0.8 mg L^?1 and 4 mg L^?1 resulting in inhibition rates of 32% and 15.4%, respectively. Complete inhibition of the growth of these two parts of wheat plants was observed in response to treatment with tetracycline at 20 mg L^?1 and 100 mg L^?1, respectively. However, the germination of wheat seeds was not sensitive to exposure to tetracycline. The effects of tetracycline exposure on the microbial community in the wheat rhizosphere were evaluated through traditional cultivation and molecular biological analyses. The cultivation results indicated that bacteria were the dominant population, being present in concentrations of 1× 10⁸–2.45× 10⁹CFUs mL^?1, although 39% to 87% inhibition occurred in response to tetracycline. The concentration of fungi increased in all tetracycline treated samples to 2.5 to 15.8 times that of the control. The highest concentration of fungi (4.27× 10⁸ CFU mL^?1) was observed in response to 60 mg L^?1 tetracycline after 15 days of cultivation. In this stage, a large amount of fungal colonies was observed on the surface of the culture solution, the wheat roots became rotted and the plants became atrophic or even died. Molecular biological analysis indicated that the bacterial community structure was significantly different in samples that were exposed to high levels of tetracycline (over 20 mg L^?1) than in samples that were exposed to lower concentrations. As the concentration of tetracycline increased, the diversity of the bacteria decreased. Additionally, several dominant sensitive species such as Sphingobacterium multivorum were suppressed by tetracycline, while some resistant species such as Acinetobacter sp. appeared or were conserved. The bacteria population tended to stabilize when the drug concentration exceeded 40 mg L^?1.     

凹凸棒粘土对水中亚甲蓝的吸附性能

用焦磷酸钠和盐酸纯化了地产凹凸棒粘土,SEM、XRD和FT-IR表征其结构。研究了凹凸棒粘土对亚甲蓝的吸附性能及热力学和动力学特征,考察了吸附时间、温度、初始浓度、pH和离子强度下对亚甲蓝吸附的影响。结果表明,不同实验条件下,吸附过程均符合准二级动力学特征。凹凸棒粘土对亚甲蓝是放热的物理吸附过程,吸附符合Langmuir模式,在303 K时最大吸附量为114.02 mg/g。与其他吸附材料相比,凹凸棒粘土对亚甲蓝有较快的吸附速率和较大的吸附量,可以作为价廉的吸附剂用于亚甲蓝的消除。     

酸碱改性对氧化铁脱硫剂脱硫性能影响的研究

通过酸碱改性制备了酸式和碱式2种不同表面性质的常温氧化铁脱硫剂,并采用FT-IR技术对其表面酸碱性质和净化硫化氢废气活性进行了研究.结果表明,表面酸碱件质不同的脱硫剂其脱硫反应行为也不同,在脱硫过程中硫化氢氧化生成的硫酸及亚硫酸会影响脱硫剂的表面酸碱性质,造成酸式脱硫剂的表面酸性更强,从而抑制了硫化氢分子在酸式脱硫剂表...     

Fenton和类Fenton氧化处理地下水中BTEX及其动力学

研究比较Fenton试剂和类Fenton试剂氧化处理地下水中苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯(BTEX)的效果及动力学.结果表明,Fenton氧化处理BTEX较类Fenton效果好,且反应过程中体系均处于强氧化环境,pH值维持在3左右;Fenton和类Fenton氧化去除BTEX过程均符合二级反应动力学方程:1/C=kt+1/C...     

浅谈事故隐患消减的三个关键环节

长庆油田目前已成立30多年,地处鄂尔多斯盆地,是典型的低渗透油田,生产环境条件苛刻,过程连续性强,原料及产品多为易燃易爆、有毒有害有腐蚀的物质,生产技术复杂,设备种类繁多,生产过程中的风险非常大。加之,企业发展的头20多年,由于投资限制,安全管理水平层次低,生产建设坚持“三从一新”（从简、从快、从省,适用新技术）的原则,安全投入欠帐较多、     

Enhanced bioaccumulation of cadmium in carp in the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

In this study adsorption of Cd onto TiO2 nanoparticles and natural sediment particles (SP) were studied and the facilitated transports of Cd into carp by TiO2 nanoparticles and SP were assessed by bioaccumulation tests exposing carp (Cyprinus carpio) to Cd contaminated water in the presence of TiO2 and SP respectively. The results show that TiO2 nanoparticles had a significantly stronger adsorption capacity for Cd than SP. The presence of SP did not have significant influence on the accumulation of Cd in carp during the 25 d of exposure. However, the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles greatly enhanced the accumulation of Cd in carp. After 25 d of exposure Cd concentration in carp increased by 146%, and the value was 22.3 and 9.07 microg/g, respectively. And there is a positive correlation between Cd and TiO2 concentration. Considerable Cd and TiO2 accumulated in viscera and gills of the fish.     

运行负荷对酶制剂废水厌氧颗粒污泥形成的影响

通过逐步提高污泥负荷和一步提高污泥负荷2种方法,研究了UASB反应器中运行负荷对酶制剂废水厌氧颗粒污泥形成的影响．结果表明,逐步提高污泥负荷,有利于颗粒污泥的形成．对酶制剂废水厌氧处理而言,在一定程度上,脱氢酶活性的变化可以反映出处理体系中微生物活性的变化,辅酶F420含量变化可定性地判断污泥的产甲烷活性．同时,还从运行良好的反应器中分离到1株优势产甲烷细菌M3菌,依据其形态和生理生化特征,将该菌鉴定为甲烷球形菌属(Methanosphaera sp．)．