悬浮载体生物膜工艺挂膜试验研究

悬浮载体挂膜需经历微生物在载体表面可逆吸附-不可逆吸附-固着态生长的过程.试验研究发现,悬浮载体挂膜效果受载体性质、环境因素、接种污泥活性及悬浮微生物浓度等多种因素影响,而控制较低的悬浮态微生物浓度,保证固着态微生物的优势生长,是挂膜能否成功的关键.在适宜的温度和操作条件下,经历20 d左右时间可完成悬浮载体挂膜.     

狭长空间内火灾烟气与人员疏散控制研究

本文采用了理论分析、火灾与疏散的组合模拟程序FDS＋EVAC,以一狭长空间为例,进行了火灾烟气作用时的人员疏散仿真研究,分析了通风排烟设备对火灾烟气运动和人员疏散的影响。     

烟气脱硝技术及在我国的应用

氮氧化物气体是危害最大、最难处理的大气污染物之一。随着经济的发展,有效控制燃煤造成的大气污染已经刻不容缓,特别是控制燃煤过程中的氮氧化物,烟气脱硝技术显得相当重要。本文分析了几种常用的烟气脱硝技术（选择性催化还原脱硝技术、选择性非催化还原脱硝技术、碱性溶液吸收法和等离子体活化法等）的原理、技术特点以及在我国的应用情况。     

Antibiotic resistance and plasmid profiling of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio</Emphasis> spp. in tropical waters of Peninsular Malaysia

Vibrio species isolated from four different sampling stations in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia were screened for their antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profiles. A total of 138 isolates belonging to 15 different species were identified. Vibrio campbellii, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, and V. tubiashii were found to predominance species at all stations. High incidence of erythromycin, ampicillin, and mecillinam resistance was observed among the Vibrio isolates. In contrast, resistance against aztreonam, cefepime, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfonamides was low. All the Vibrio isolates in this study were found to be susceptible to imipenem, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and oxytetracycline. Ninety-five percent of the Vibrio isolates were resistant to one or more different classes of antibiotic, and 20 different resistance antibiograms were identified. Thirty-two distinct plasmid profiles with molecular weight ranging from 2.2 to 24.8 kb were detected among the resistance isolates. This study showed that multidrug-resistant Vibrio spp. were common in the aquatic environments of west coast of Peninsular Malaysia.     

二维平流扩散模型下的集合卡尔曼滤波模拟同化研究

为提高环境数值预报水平,构建了一个针对污染物扩散的模拟数据同化系统。采用集合卡尔曼滤波方法对二维平流扩散模型的状态变量进行了实时校正,实现污染物浓度的实时模拟预报,完成了敏感性实验中集合数目变化、观测方差变化和同化窗口长度变化研究。比较考察观测点位置与污染源距离不同时的预报效果,探讨了优化条件下的同化策略,提出一种根据距离远近动态调节卡尔曼增益权重的方法。在集合数目较小时,可降低计算代价,得到优化的同化效果。     

Dissipation and residue of triforine in strawberry and soil

Two independent field trials were performed in Guangdong and Hubei, China in 2011 to investigate the dissipation and residue levels of triforine in strawberry and soil. A fast and simple method using gas chromatography with electron capture detector was developed and validated to determine triforine levels in strawberry and soil. The average recovery of triforine in strawberry ranged from 87.46 to 104.32 % with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.72 to 4.54 %; that in soil ranged from 83.82 to 103.01 % with an RSD of 3.89 to 4.36 %. The limit of quantification of the proposed method was 0.01 mg/kg for both strawberry and soil. The results suggest that the triforine dissipation curves followed the first-order kinetic. The half-lives of triforine in strawberry from Guangdong and Hubei were 3.58 and 4.42 days, respectively; those in soil were 3.53 and 4.10 days, respectively. The terminal residues of triforine in strawberry ranged from 0.032 to 0.264 mg/kg at preharvest intervals of 0.5, 1, and 3 days. These values are lower than the maximum residue limit of 1 mg/kg in strawberry set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.     

基于轮廓似然函数的PM_(10)极值浓度分析

以R软件为分析工具,选择GEV(generalized extreme value distribution)模型拟合四川省泸州市2003～2007年期间PM10每月最高日平均浓度数据,采用极大似然法估计模型的3个参数即位置参数、尺度参数、形状参数,利用所得的参数估计值计算得出某一标准值(如GB3095—1996)的重现期;进一步利用参数估计值计算轮廓似然函数,估计某一段固定时间间隔的PM10浓度的重现值以及其置信区间。结果表明,GEV模型能很好地拟合泸州市PM10数据,利用轮廓似然函数估计的不同时间间隔的重现值准确度高,统计结果可以为环境主管部门发布污染状况预警信息提供参考。     

垃圾填埋场稳定化及其研究现状

文章对直埋场稳定化过程进行了初步描述,并从填埋气、渗滤液、垃圾组成和沉降等４个方面总结了填埋场稳定化的研究现状。     

聚四氟乙烯高压密封罐消解样品测定五氧化二钒

利用聚四氟乙烯高压密封罐消解矿石样品测定五氧化二钒,具有操作手续相对简便、轻松、快捷等优点,与传统的硫酸－磷酸混合酸消解或采用碱熔融前处理法比较,相对误差小于１．６％,样品的添加标准回收率为９２．９％～１０３．５％。     

真空紫外光降解苯的研究

为了考察真空紫外光辐射在气体净化中的应用,以苯作为目标污染物,分别进行了紫外光波长、气体湿度、反应时间、初始浓度以及辐射功率对苯光解率的影响实验。实验结果表明,真空紫外光辐射方法净化气相污染物中的苯效果良好,在一定条件下,浓度为348.2 mg/m³苯污染气体真空紫外光降解率可达到90%。通过在不同条件下苯的降解率以及臭氧浓度变化,初步探讨了苯降解的机理以及降解途径。苯的降解主要是通过氢氧自由基（·OH）的加成以及后续一系列的氧化反应,降解产物为苯酚以及含有羟基的长链烃。