排序方式: 共有47条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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为了研究甲醛污染毒性的分子机制,探究了气态甲醛暴露对小鼠造血调控相关转录因子在mRNA水平表达产生的影响.实验将18只雄性Balb/C小鼠随机分为3组,每组6只,采用仿真式口鼻吸入方法暴露于不同浓度(0.5 mg·m-3和3.0 mg·m-3)的气态甲醛环境中,每天8 h,为期2周.染毒结束后,分别进行血细胞分析和RT-PCR测定小鼠骨髓相关髓系转录因子、红系和巨核系转录因子、淋巴系转录因子在mRNA水平的表达量.结果发现,与对照组相比,相关转录因子C/EBPα、SCL、GATA-2、c-myb、GATA-1及淋巴系转录因子在mRNA水平表达量随甲醛浓度的升高受到不同程度的影响,部分具有统计学差异(p0.05).其中,转录因子C/EBPα、SCL及GATA-2在mRNA水平表达量随甲醛浓度的升高而降低,而转录因子c-myb、GATA-1及淋巴系转录因子Ikzf5、PAX5在mRNA水平表达量随甲醛浓度的升高而升高.研究表明,高浓度甲醛暴露会影响小鼠骨髓造血调控相关转录因子的正常表达. 相似文献
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九龙江河口有色溶解有机物的三维荧光光谱特征 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
采用三维荧光光谱(EEMs)技术,结合EEMs全光谱及特定光谱区荧光强度积分的方法,研究了九龙江口有色溶解有机物(CDOM)入海过程中在来源及性质上发生的变化特征,并分析了河口外高盐度海区CDOM各荧光组分的垂直分布特征.结果表明,九龙江河口区CDOM含有类腐殖质荧光峰A、C、M以及类色氨酸荧光峰T1、12,而在口外高盐度海区还观测到类酪氨酸荧光峰B.EEMs总荧光强度积分值(TOT)可作为表征河口区CDOM浓度的一个良好指标,且优于常规的单点荧光法.从河端至外海,TOT及CDOM各荧光团的荧光强度积分值(IFI)不断减小,表明陆源输入为河口区CDOM的主要来源.而在河口高盐度海区,类蛋白质荧光团T1、12在TOT中的比例不断升高,显示了生物活动的贡献.九龙江口外高盐度站位中层各荧光峰尤其是类蛋白质荧光峰(T1、T2、B)强度高于表、底层,反映了CDOM光化学反应和生物作用的共同影响.沉积物间隙水中C峰极其微弱,而类蛋白质荧光峰T1、12、B却非常强烈,反映了沉积物中微生物活动对蛋白质的显著降解作用. 相似文献
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CAI Tiejun LIAO Yuchao PENG Zhenshan LONG Yunfei WEI Zongyuan DENG Qian 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(7):997-1004
The binary composite photo-catalysts CeO2/TiO2, ZrO2/TiO2 and the ternary composite photo-catalysts H3PW12O40-CeO2/TiO2,H2PW12O40-ZrO2/TiO2 were prepared by sol-gel method. The catalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photocatalyfic elimination of methanol was used as model reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the composite catalysts under ultraviolet light irradiation. The effects of doped content, activation temperature, time, initial concentration of methanol and gas flow rate on the catalytic activity were investigated. The results showed that after doping a certain amount of CeO2 and ZrO2, crystaniTation process of TiO2 was restrained, particles of catalysts are smaller and more uniform. Doping ZrO2 not only significantly improved the catalytic activity, but also increased thermal stability. Doping H3PW12O40 also enhanced the catalytic activity. The catalytic activities of binary and ternary composite photocatalysts were significantly higher than tin-doped TiO2. The dynamics law of photocatalytic reaction over the binary CeO2/TiO2 and ZrO2/TiO2 catalysts has been studied. The activation energy 15.627 and 15.631 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factors 0.5176 and 0.9899 s-1 over each corresponding catalyst were obtained. This reaction accords to the first order dynamics law. 相似文献
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实验研究了掺杂N的TiO2光催化剂在可见光下对有机物的降解机理,研究方法有:加入自由基俘获剂探索对反应速率的影响、有机物降解过程TOC与脱色比较,化学探针法测定了实验中存在的HO.。结果表明,有机物在脱色的同时苯环也在断裂,说明有机物的降解是受无选择性的氧化剂攻击而完成;除亚甲基蓝以外,加入自由基俘获剂对可见光反应速率均有抑制现象,证明自由基的攻击是有机物可见光催化降解的主要途径。分别以二甲基亚砜和水杨酸为分子探针,实验结果证明了光催化反应系统中存在HO.物种,前者与HO.反应形成特定的偶氮结构有机物在425 nm处有吸收,后者与HO.反应生成2,3-二羟基苯甲酸和2,5-二羟基苯甲酸。亚甲基蓝、苯酚和水杨酸经5 h的可见光催化降解后,其TOC分别降低了62.8%、78.9%和96.0%,说明掺杂N的TiO2有较强的可见光催化降解有机物能力。 相似文献
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TMDL计划在污染物总量控制中的应用初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
TMDL(Total Maximum Daily Loads)为最大日负荷总量,是在满足水质标准的条件下,水体能够接受的某种污染物的最大日负荷量。该计划由美国环保局于1972年《清洁水法》中提出,实践表明,TMDL计划对于改善水体质量是行之有效的。本文在总结分析、中国污染物总量控制制度中存在的主要问题的基础上,介绍了美国TMDL计划的成功实施经验,并结合中国水环境管理的现状,讨论分析了TMDL计划在中国实施的技术路线以及需要解决的技术难点。开发研究与中国污染物总量控制制度相结合的TMDL计划,为科学合理地解决污染物允许排放量在点源与非点源、各个污染单位之间分配问题提供了一条行之有效的环境管理途径。 相似文献
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Probabilistic emission inventories were developed for 1,3-butadiene, mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), benzene, formaldehyde, and lead for Jacksonville, FL. To quantify inter-unit variability in empirical emission factor data, the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method or the Method of Matching Moments was used to fit parametric distributions. For data sets that contain nondetected measurements, a method based upon MLE was used for parameter estimation. To quantify the uncertainty in urban air toxic emission factors, parametric bootstrap simulation and empirical bootstrap simulation were applied to uncensored and censored data, respectively. The probabilistic emission inventories were developed based on the product of the uncertainties in the emission factors and in the activity factors. The uncertainties in the urban air toxics emission inventories range from as small as -25 to +30% for Hg to as large as -83 to +243% for As. The key sources of uncertainty in the emission inventory for each toxic are identified based upon sensitivity analysis. Typically, uncertainty in the inventory of a given pollutant can be attributed primarily to a small number of source categories. Priorities for improving the inventories and for refining the probabilistic analysis are discussed. 相似文献
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设计了一种新型的自控排液阀,来实现沉降离心分离装置中液体和悬浮物的连续分离和自动排出.从理论上论述了自控阀的工作原理,并对自控阀的可靠性进行了分析.讨论了有关参数对该阀动作的影响.设计的自控排液阀可使悬浮物的分离装置结构简单紧凑,实现高效、可靠的连续作业. 相似文献