A holistic approach for evaluating ecological water allocation in the Yellow River basin of China

The characteristics and sustainable management of water resources on a basin scale require that they should be managed using a holistic approach. In this study, a holistic methodology called the holistic approach in a basin scale (HABS) is proposed to determine the ecological water requirements of a whole basin. There are three principles in HABS. First, ecological water requirements in a basin scale indicate not only the coupling of hydrological and ecological systems, but also the exchange of matter and energy between each ecological type through all kinds of physical geography processes. Second, ecological water requirements can be divided into different types according to their functions, and water requirements of different types are compatible. Third, ecological water requirements are related to a multiple system including water quality, water quantity, and time and space, which interact with each other. The holistic approach in a basin scale was then used in the Yellow River Basin and it suggested that 265.0 × 10⁸ m³ of water, 45% of the total surface water resources, should be allocated to ecological systems, such as rivers, lakes, wetlands and cities, to sustain its function and health. The ecological water requirements of inside river systems and outside river systems were respectively 261.0 × 10⁸ and 3.65 × 10⁸ m³.     

芹菜赖氨酸加苏氨酸抗性细胞系的选择

用４ｍｍｏｌ－／Ｌ浓度的赖氨酸加苏氨酸作为选择压，经相同浓度液体和固体选择培养基连续选择，从未经诱变处理的芹菜胚性愈伤组织筛选出一个稳定的赖氨酸加苏氨酸抗性细胞系并得到再生植株。抗性细胞系再生植株整株的氨基酸含量比对照组植株高１０倍左右。但是地上部分氨基酸含量，抗性细胞系再生植株比对照植株有所降低。两种植株叶片的细胞色素氧化酶同工酶谱有明显差异，抗性细胞系再生植株有４条谱带，而对照植株只有两条谱带     

山地可持续人居环境初探

传统的山地人居环境是建立在传统的农业社会经济、文化基础之上的对自然环境的被动式生态适应，缺少居安安全性、便捷性、舒适性等生活基本保证。现代山地人居环境将以现代生态学为指导，突破山地特殊生态特性对人类的制约，实现人与山地自然和谐共生，满足社区居民物质和精神双重层次的需求，从而真正成为可持续发展的人居环境。     

第三系红层下石林的岩溶动力学特征

区域地球化学表明 ,第三系泉水及直接被第三系覆盖的灰岩泉水的SIC在雨季小于 0 ,在旱季大于 0。在祭白龙洞 ,地表被第三系覆盖洞段滴水的暂时硬度比地表无此覆盖层的滴水小 1 .6～ 3mmol/L ,pH值也较低。第三系盖层中空气CO2 浓度为 1 0 0 0 0～ 1 4 0 0 0mg/m3,随深度下降。第三系的裂隙最大渗透张量为 0 .0 2～ 0 .0 5m/d,高于石灰岩。野外溶蚀试验结果 ,第三系盖层中石灰岩的溶蚀速率为 1 .5mg/ 1 0 0d,且垂直溶蚀速率与水平溶蚀速率相当。上述特征表明 ,较高的裂隙渗透张量及随裂隙下渗的富侵蚀性的水是石芽、石林发育的两个重要因素。这也是为什么发育好的石林常常伴随残留的小面积第三系出现的原因     

除油水力旋流器在九江石化厂的应用

除油水力旋流器是一种管道式油水分离设备 ,它具有体积小 ,无须特殊维护等特点。针对炼油装置的具体特点 ,提出了旋流器的配置流程 ,并结合在九江石化总厂的使用经验 ,验证了旋流器在炼油装置应用的可行性 ,同时提出了具体使用时应注意的问题。     

战略环境影响评价与项目环境影响评价之比较

从单个项目环境影响评价(简称EIA)的局限性出发,论述了战略环境影响评价(简称SEA)产生的原因、概念及发展现状,通过SEA与EIA的比较,说明SEA区别于EIA的特点,指出开展SEA研究的重要意义。     

Application of aerial remote sensing in the study on vegetation in Guangzhou,China

ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｅｒｉａｌｒｅｍｏｔｅｓｅｎｓｉｎｇｉｎｔｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎｉｎＧｕａｎｇｚｈｏｕ，ＣｈｉｎａＣｈｅｎＳｈｉｊｉｅ；ＨｅＳｈｉｇａｎ；ＹａｎｇＪｉｅｌｉｎ；ＷａｎｇＬｉａｎｇｐｉｎｇ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎ...     

Investigations on simultaneous determination of silverand mercury in catalytic-ligand substitutionreaction with stopped - flow techniquecalibrated by synergistic effect

Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｓｏｎｓｉｍｕｌｔａｎｅｏｕｓｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｉｌｖｅｒａｎｄｍｅｒｃｕｒｙｉｎｃａｔａｌｙｔｉｃ－ｌｉｇａｎｄｓｕｂｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｏｎｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｗｉｔｈｓｔｏｐｐｅｄ－ｆｌｏｗｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｃａｌ...     

底泥中氮杂多环芳烃及硝基多环芳烃的分离与鉴定

本文报道了毛细管柱色谱质谱联用及选择离子检测方法分析鉴定北京东南郊排污河底泥样品中氮杂芳烃及硝基多环芳烃的实验结果.研究了十二种标样的EI谱.样品中鉴定出25种含氮多环芳烃,检测出底泥样品中含有硝基多环芳烃.并讨论了实验结果.     

浅谈"国家总量排污收费征收试点方案"的修改与完善

通过一年的实际征，本文以实践经验对“国家总量排污收费征收试点方案”提出修改与完善的一些建议，如应增加机动车污染收费资金使用和加倍收费的内容，修改机动车污染收费的部分规定，取消废水、废气达标排放减半收费的规定，制定固体废物环保规定有关细则，放宽废水、废气收费标准幅度以及尽快出台总量排污收费的法律法规等，国家修改与完善总量排污收费征收试点方案提供借鉴。