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41.
Pollution of antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminant, has become an issue of concern, due to their overuse in human and veterinary application, persistence in environment and great potential risk to human and animal health even at trace level. In this work, a novel adsorbent, Fe3O4 incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofiber mat (Fe-NFM), was successfully fabricated via electrospinning and solvothermal method, targeting to remove tetracycline (TC), a typical class of antibiotics, from aqueous solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Fe-NFM, and demonstrated that Fe-NFM was composed of continuous, randomly distributed uniform nanofibers with surface coating of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. A series of adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the removal efficiency of TC by the Fe-NFM. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted better with the experimental data. The highest adsorption capacity was observed at initial solution pH 4 while relative high adsorption performance was obtained from initial solution pH 4 to 10. The adsorption of TC on Fe-NFM was a combination effect of both electrostatic interaction and complexation between TC and Fe-NFM. Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 315.31 mg/g. Compared to conventional nanoparticle adsorbents which have difficulties in downstream separation, the novel nanofiber mat can be simply installed as a modular compartment and easily separated from the aqueous medium, promising its huge potential in drinking and wastewater treatment for micro-pollutant removal. 相似文献
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首次用x-5树脂吸附三丁基锡(TBT)化合物。结果表明,X-5树脂吸附TBT化合物具有吸附容量大、吸附速度快等优点,符合Freundlich吸附等温式;用自制的吸附注(长度为11cm,内径为0.55cm的玻璃管,内装x-5大孔网状树脂,约0.7g)作TBT吸附剂,研究各种因素对吸附及脱附效率的影响。结果表明,吸附率主要取决于柱长及流速,而溶液的盐度及pH值影响不大;脱附率主要取决于洗脱剂的流速,而pH值影响不大;实际样品的回收率超过90%。 相似文献
44.
潜流人工湿地污染河水处理系统中的填料堵塞问题研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
利用潜流人工湿地系统处理污染河水,水力负荷为0.15 m3/(m2·d).研究了该系统长期运行过程中的填料堵塞问题及其对污染物去除率的影响.构建了潜流人工湿地污染河水处理中试系统,在运行两年后,潜流人工湿地填料存在一定的堵塞现象,填料孔隙率最大减少了2.67%.填料孔隙堵塞现象主要发生在该中试系统的前段(沿水流方向距进水点0~5 m),其填料堵塞物质主要为无机颗粒物.植物对填料堵塞问题的改善作用并不显著.填料的部分堵塞对该中试系统中污染物的去除率有一定的影响,运行第2年氨氮的去除率略有降低,而COD的去除率有增加的趋势. 相似文献
45.
由于等离子体的特异性能,近年来,除了在等离子体物理技术方面的研究有了长足的进展,人们越来越多地把等离子体技术用于合成新材料、表面改性、多相催化、治理污染以及工艺改进的各个方面.本文综述了等离子体技术在污染控制方面的应用如用等离子体技术治理二氧化碳,用等离子体化学降解有毒废气,等离子体活化法研究干法烟气脱硫脱硝新技术.本文特别介绍清华大学的樊友三教授等研究用等离子体技术将煤气化.经气化后的煤,无SO2排放,可得到优质的燃料.硫以硫化氢排放,而硫化氢的处理技术成熟,费用低,仅是二氧化硫的1/4-1/5.有效的治理二氧化硫的技术,社会效益是显著的,但科技含量高、投资大.为了解决资金来源问题本文提出了几项解决办法. 相似文献
46.
The adsorption and desorption characteristics of Al3+ to/from humic acids at di erent pH, ionic strength, and temperature were
studied by the C-25 glucosan-gel chromatography method. The results showed that the maximum adsorption amount (Qmax) and
adsorption constant (k) increased, whereas, the absolute value of standard thermodynamic molar free energy change ( G0
m) decreased
with the increase of pH at constant ionic strength and temperature. With ionic strength increasing from 0 to 0.15 mol/L, Qmax and k
increased and the absolute value of G0
m decreased at constant pH and temperature. High temperature was unfavorable for the adsorption
reaction, as indicated by the dramatic decrease of Qmax and the absolute value of G0
m with an increase in temperature. The standard
thermodynamic molar free energy change ( G0
m) and the standard thermodynamic enthalpy change ( H0m
) of the adsorption reaction
were both negative, suggesting that adsorption reaction was spontaneous and exothermic. The desorption rate of HA-Al3+ complex
accelerated with the decrease of pH, and a significant linear relationship could be obtained between pH and the desorption rates of Al3+
from humic acids. These results demonstrated that the Al3+ adsorption reaction was a “biphase” reaction, and adsorption occurred at
both the interior and exterior adsorption sites of humic acids. 相似文献
47.
从功能安全标准的进展和功能安全评估的现状两个方面进行了论述,强调了实施安全仪表系统功能安全评估的重要意义,并提出了建议。 相似文献
48.
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50.
Guangqing LIU Mengwei XUE Jingyi HUANG Huchuan WANG Yuming ZHOU Qingzhao YAO Lei LING Ke CAO Yahui LIU Yunyun BU Yiyi CHEN Wendao WU Wei SUN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(3):545
A novel environmentally friendly type of calcium carbonate, zinc (II) and iron (III) scale inhibitor Acrylic acid- allylpolyethoxy carboxylate copolymer (AA-APEL) was synthesized. The anti-scale property of the AA-APEL toward CaCO3, zinc (II) and iron (III) in the artificial cooling water was studied through static scale inhibition tests. The observation shows that both calcium carbonate, zinc (II) and iron (III) inhibition increase with increasing the dosage of AA-APEL. The effect on formation of CaCO3 was investigated with combination of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis and fourier transform infrared spectrometer, respectively. The results showed that the AA-APEL copolymer not only influenced calcium carbonate crystal morphology and crystal size but also the crystallinity. The crystallization of CaCO3 in the absence of inhibitor was rhombohedral calcite crystal, whereas a mixture of calcite with vaterite crystals was found in the presence of the AA-APEL copolymer. Inhibition mechanism is proposed that the interactions between calcium or iron ions and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are the fundamental impetus to restrain the formation of the scale in cooling water systems. 相似文献