流动注射分析仪测定水体中的挥发酚

采用QuikChem 8500 FIA流动注射法对水体中挥发酚进行测定,标准曲线的相关系数达到0.99999,检出限为1.066μg/L,对两种浓度的标准样品分析,测得值均在其保证值范围内,用FIA法与化学法做分析对比,相关系数为0.9995,适用于清洁水和废水样品测定;将FIA法与化学法的两种试剂种类和用量作比较,FIA法是一种高效、准确、可靠安全的方法。     

Fenton试剂深度处理阿维菌素废水

采用Fenton试剂对阿维菌素废水好氧处理出水进行深度处理,通过正交和单因素试验,考察了初始反应pH值、H2O2投加量、FeSO4投加量和反应时间对废水COD去除率的影响。试验结果表明,最佳反应条件为初始反应pH值3.0、30%H2O2投加量5‰、0.5 mol/L FeSO4投加量1%和反应时间40 min,COD去除率达75%以上,出水ρ(COD)<120 mg/L,可满足GB 21903-2008《发酵类制药工业水污染物排放标准》表2的排放标准要求。     

Ambient air quality trends and driving factor analysis in Beijing, 1983-2007

The interaction between pollution sources change and implementation of air pollution control measures was the main driving factor that caused the variation in air quality.     

Ambient air quality trends and driving factor analysis in Beijing, 1983–2007

The rapid development in Beijing, the capital of China, has resulted in serious air pollution problems. Meanwhile great efforts have been made to improve the air quality, especially since 1998. The variation in air quality under the interaction of pollution and control in this mega city has attracted much attention. We analyzed the changes in ambient air quality in Beijing since the 1980’s using the Daniel trend test based on data from long-term monitoring stations. The results showed that different polluta...     

Development and demonstration of fuel cell vehicles and supporting infrastructure in China

The demand for urban transportation in China, including cars, motorbikes, buses, and trains, is growing substantially. China’s transportation fleet is projected to expand from 16 to 94 million vehicles between 2000 and 2020, with liquid and electricity transport fuel demand growing from about 5 Quadrillion British Thermal Units (Quads) to over 20 Quads in 2035. In response to energy security, economic growth and environmental protection needs, Chinese government agencies, academia and the private sector have organized their programs and investments to advance development and demonstration of sustainable alternative transportation systems. This analysis surveys historic development of fuel cell vehicle (FCV) including fuel cell buses (FCB) technology in China, summarizes recent efforts to scale-up FCV development and associated infrastructure in major Chinese cities, and briefly addresses future directions in Chinese fuel cell and hydrogen energy technology development. Since the late 1990’s, Chinese universities, government institutions and the private sector have implemented research, development, demonstration and deployment programs for electric (EV), fuel cell (FCV), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). These efforts have advanced the feasibility of FCVs to be a part of sustainable urban transportation system, including technical performance, infrastructure, and customer acceptance. Three generations of FCVs, START I, START II and START III have been developed, demonstrated and deployed. Similarly, several generations of FCBs have been developed and demonstrated. Collectively, these efforts have demonstrated and deployed over 1,000 FCBs and FCVs in several Chinese cities. Large-scale, intensive-use FCV and FCB demonstration trials, including those during the 2008 Beijing Olympics and the 2010 Shanghai World Exposition (EXPO), have been successfully built and operated. Infrastructure, such as hydrogen production facilities, fuelling stations, and maintenance stations have been constructed and operated to support the fleets of FCBs and FCVs. Experiences learned from these FCV research, development, and demonstration activities are the foundation for scaling up infrastructure and fleet trials in a growing number of cities in eastern and western China. An aggressive research and development vision and 2020 technology performance targets provide a foundation for the next generation of EVs, FCVs and HEVs, and, options for China’s efforts to develop a portfolio of sustainable transportation systems.     

广州市环境空气监测与预警体系在亚运会中的应用

本文以2010年广州亚运会空气质量监测保障为例,从广州市环境空气质量监测网络、空气质量预报、预警体系和环境质量会商及信息发布管理机制等方面,介绍了广州市环境空气监测与预警体系。通过2010年广州亚运会空气质量保障监测实践,证明广州市环境空气监测与预警体系是适应广州环境保护工作发展,并能满足特殊环境空气质量保障目标需求,具有示范作用和可供全国中心城市借鉴的先进的环境空气质量监测与预警体系。     

基于GIS广西酸雨区域分布及变化特征分析

利用广西13个酸雨监测站2005—2009年监测资料,结合GIS空间分析功能,探索了广西酸雨的空间分布特征和变化规律,旨在为当地酸雨研究、预防预测和综合治理提供客观科学的理论依据。结果表明:广西酸雨主要分布在中北部地区,酸雨带呈西北-东南走向。酸雨强度最大的城市为河池、来宾和贺州,其降水平均pH值<4.8,酸雨出现频率最高的城市为河池,其发生频率>70%;酸雨强度最弱,出现频率最低的城市为北海和钦州,其降水平均pH值>6.0,发生频率<2%。     

加强对现代住宅建筑隔声问题的重视

通过对噪声在人们日常生活中的影响与干扰,分析了目前建筑业在开发房地产时忽略噪声这一问题的主要原因,明确指出房地产开发商应将噪声控制在人们对居住环境达到满意或者基本满意,给居民一个优雅、安静的生存环境。     

Construction of an ecosystem service value evaluation system for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in Chengdu City Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process北大核心CSCD

As a special ecosystem, an urban forest park, which is different from a regular “forest park”, is one of the key elements involved in improving the urban ecological environment and promoting the sustainable development of a city. The “urban forest park” can also significantly improve living conditions by acting as a greenbelt. The Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park is a rare mountain urban forest park located in the center of the city. This “urban forest park” not only provides more ecological products and maintains ecological security but also meets the growing needs of people for food, environmental quality, and spirituality. To comprehensively assess the ecological value of the Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park, this study used the literature analogy and questionnaire survey methods to establish a targeted ecosystem service assessment system in this study area. In addition, combined with the hierarchical analysis method, the indicator system was tested, and the specific evaluation index was determined. In the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park Ecosystem Service Value Index System, three first-level indicators, such as ecological material products (with a weight of 0.412 6), ecological regulation (0.327 5), and dwelling culture (0.259 9); eight secondary indicators, such as product production (0.206 3), resource supply (0.206 3), and biodiversity (0.194 4); and twenty-three tertiary indicators, such as air negative oxygen ion (0.154 7), habitat quality (0.095 9), and ecological health benefit (0.075 5), were identified. From the weights of the first and second indicators, it was clear that the supply of ecological material products is the main service function in the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park ecosystem. Moreover, from the weights of the third indicator, the public’s cognition and concept of the ecosystem service value of the “urban forest park” gradually shifted from the supply service of products and resources to cultural services. In summary, the ecosystem service value assessment system designed for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in this study has certain feasibility and extensibility that lays a theoretical foundation for the scientific assessment of ecological value and ecological value realization mechanism for other “forest parks” worldwide. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Prenatal air pollution exposure increases the risk of macrosomia: evidence from a prospective cohort study in the coastal area of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Effects of prenatal ambient air pollution exposure could increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which have been well documented by various...