季节性缺氧水库铁、锰垂直分布规律及优化分层取水研究

经多年对阿哈水库Ｆｅ，Ｍｎ污染的研究表明，Ｆｅ，Ｍｎ分布随着季节为化、水库水温分层而变化，呈现明显的垂直分布规律，高浓度Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ主要出现在水温分层期水库中、下层、与库底缺氧、ＰＨ下降，沉积物中的Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ向上覆水释放造成的二次污染等密切相关，为自来水厂优化分层取水提供了依据。     

杀虫剂单甲脒对绿藻的毒性研究

研究了杀虫剂单甲脒对斜生栅藻（Ｓｃｅｎｅｄｅｓｍｕｓｏｂｌｉｑｕｕｓ）和蛋白核小球藻（Ｃｈｌｏｒｅｌｌａｐｙｒｅｎｏｉ－ｄｏｓａ）的短期和长期毒性。用细胞密度计算出的４８ｈＥＣ＿（５０）分别为１．４２和１．４１ｍｇ／Ｌ，９６ｈＥＣ＿（５０）分别为１．６７和１．６２ｍｇ／Ｌ长期毒性试验结果表明，经试验初期的抑制后，杀虫剂单甲脒能促进藻类繁衍。     

水分胁迫对燥红土和变性土上生长的玉米叶片几种酶活性的影响

采用盆栽控制试验，研究了不同处理条件下，水分胁迫对金沙江干热河谷典型土壤(燥红土和变性土)生长的玉米(Zea mays L.)叶片中几种酶活性的影响．结果表明：(1)在一定的水分胁迫范围内，玉米叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ASP)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性均随着土壤含水量的降低而升高，但过度胁迫时，酶活性降低；(2)随着土壤含水量降低，玉米叶片中保护酶活性的变化规律略有差异，这与二者的土壤物理性质有关；(3)施肥处理和栽培方式对玉米叶片的酶活性有影响，增施有机肥和Zn肥可提高适度水分亏缺条件下玉米叶片中POD、CAT、ASP和PPO活性．图4参35     

新型冠醚交联壳聚糖的吸附性能

合成３,５－二叔丁基－二苯并１４－冠－４双氯代乙酸酯冠醚,然后使之与壳聚糖发生反应制备成壳聚糖－３,５－二叔丁基－二苯并１４－冠－４双乙酸酯冠醚,经元素分析,ＦＴ－ＩＲ红外光谱分析和Ｘ－射线粉末衍射分析表征了结构。     

Effects of cobalt doping on the reactivity of hausmannite for As(III) oxidation and As(V) adsorption

Hausmannite is a common low valence Mn oxide mineral, with a distorted spinel structure, in surficial sediments. Although natural Mn oxides often contain various impurities of transitional metals (TMs), few studies have addressed the effect and related mechanism of TM doping on the reactivity of hausmannite with metal pollutants. Here, the reactivity of cobalt (Co) doped hausmannite with aqueous As(III) and As(V) was studied. Co doping decreased the point of zero charge of hausmannite and its adsorption capacity for As(V). Despite a reduction of the initial As(III) oxidation rate, Co-doped hausmannite could effectively oxidize As(III) to As(V), followed by the adsorption and fixation of a large amount of As(V) on the mineral surface. Arsenic K-edge EXAFS analysis of the samples after As(V) adsorption and As(III) oxidation revealed that only As(V) was adsorbed on the mineral surface, with an average As-Mn distance of 3.25–3.30 Å, indicating the formation of bidentate binuclear complexes. These results provide new insights into the interaction mechanism between TMs and low valence Mn oxides and their effect on the geochemical behaviors of metal pollutants.     

Mercury transformation processes in nature: Critical knowledge gaps and perspectives for moving forward

The transformation of mercury (Hg) in the environment plays a vital role in the cycling of Hg and its risk to the ecosystem and human health. Of particular importance are Hg oxidation/reduction and methylation/demethylation processes driven or mediated by the dynamics of light, microorganisms, and organic carbon, among others. Advances in understanding those Hg transformation processes determine our capacity of projecting and mitigating Hg risk. Here, we provide a critical analysis of major knowledge gaps in our understanding of Hg transformation in nature, with perspectives on approaches moving forward. Our analysis focuses on Hg transformation processes in the environment, as well as emerging methodology in exploring these processes. Future avenues for improving the understanding of Hg transformation processes to protect ecosystem and human health are also explored.     

水培空心菜营养液配方及尾液对环境的影响

本研究以空心菜为例,清水为对照,研究了6种常用经典水培营养液配方、猪粪和鸡粪2种沼液对空心菜生长发育的影响和尾液对环境的影响,通过测定空心菜的经济、品质指标及营养液尾液中养分含量指标,筛选出适合于叶菜类生长和保护生态环境最优配方。结果表明:6种营养液对空心菜的鲜重、Vc含量、硝酸盐含量均有显著影响,其中荷兰温室、霍格兰和日本山崎配方为较适合空心菜水培的配方;6种营养液配方和2种沼液剩余尾液中TN、TP、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、S、B、Mo等元素符合GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》中Ⅴ类农田用水标准。据此推断,供试6个营养液配方中,荷兰温室配方是水培空心菜的优选营养液配方,其次为霍格兰和日本山崎配方。     

三峡库区土壤中微量元素有效态含量及其特征

本文研究了微量元素在三峡库区土壤中的有效态含量以及丰缺程度，发生频率等特征，同时，初步探讨了有效态微量元素之间及其与土壤ｐＨ值，有机质含量的相关关系。     

川东食管癌高发区土壤地球化学环境的初探

我国是世界上食管癌发病率最高的国家之一。本文对比了四川省内食管癌高、低发病区的土壤地球化学环境，计算了土壤中微量元素有效态含量的总量，结果发现高、低发病区在耕地利用类型，土壤类型以及土壤的物理、化学性质方面都存在明显差异，表明土壤地球化学环境恶劣、尤其是土壤中微量元素缺乏与食管癌高发有密切关系。