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61.
Roozbeh Mirza Mehdi Mohammadi Iraj Faghiri Ehsan Abedi Ali Fakhri Ali Azimi Mohammad Ali Zahed 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(11):7387-7398
Samples of surface sediments from the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf were examined to determine the levels and sources of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Samples were collected from 30 sampling sites and analyzed for PAHs by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Total concentrations of PAHs ranged from 93 to 4,077 ng g?1 dry weight. The PAH composition from 30 sampling sites was dominated by four-ring PAH compounds. Molecular indices based on the ratios of PAH concentrations were used to differentiate PAHs from pyrolitic to petrogenic and mixed origins. The results suggested that the main sources of PAHs in sediments from the studied region were mixed pyrolitic and petrogenic. Furthermore, benthic organisms in most of the investigated areas were not at ecotoxicological risk, according to the results from the effects range low (ERL)/effects range median (ERM) techniques suggested by the US Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs). 相似文献
62.
Burkart K Schneider A Breitner S Khan MH Krämer A Endlicher W 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(8-9):2035-2043
This study assessed the effect of temperature and thermal atmospheric conditions on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Bangladesh. In particular, differences in the response to elevated temperatures between urban and rural areas were investigated. Generalized additive models (GAMs) for daily death counts, adjusted for trend, season, day of the month and age were separately fitted for urban and rural areas. Breakpoint models were applied for determining the increase in mortality above and below a threshold (equivalent) temperature. Generally, a 'V'-shaped (equivalent) temperature-mortality curve with increasing mortality at low and high temperatures was observed. Particularly, urban areas suffered from heat-related mortality with a steep increase above a specific threshold. This adverse heat effect may well increase with ongoing urbanization and the intensification of the urban heat island due to the densification of building structures. Moreover, rising temperatures due to climate change could aggravate thermal stress. 相似文献
63.
Ahmed MK Habibullah-Al-Mamun M Hossain MA Arif M Parvin E Akter MS Khan MS Islam MM 《Chemosphere》2011,84(1):143-149
This experiment was conducted to study the genotoxic potentials of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) in freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus by using alkaline comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test. Fish were exposed to three different concentrations (3 ppm, 28 ppm and 56 ppm) of arsenic and gill, liver and blood tissue samples were collected after 48 h, 96 h and 192 h of exposure. Arsenic exposure induced DNA damage in all tissues examined in a concentration dependent manner. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the comet tail DNA (%) of the exposed fish liver, gill, and blood was observed after 48 h and 96 h of exposure, but a decline in DNA damage was recorded in all the tissues at all the three concentrations studied after 192 h of exposure. Liver tissue exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher DNA damage at all the concentrations examined, followed by gill and blood. Higher liver tail DNA (51.38 ± 0.21%) refers that it is more prone to injury to arsenic toxicity than the gill and blood. In blood samples arsenic induced micronucleus formation in a concentration dependent manner and highest (5.8 ± 0.46%) value was recorded in 56 ppm after 96 h of exposure, whereas, it was decreased after 192 h of exposure at all the three concentrations of NaAsO2 examined which refers to the DNA repairing ability of fish to arsenic toxicity. The results of this study depict the genotoxic potentials of arsenic to fish which in turns provide insight on advanced study in aquatic toxicology. 相似文献
64.
Coordination theory provides a theoretical framework for analysing complex processes of project groups working towards a common goal. In this study, we explore the relationship between coordination and social networks for the development of a network-based coordination model. This model is applied to measure the performance and quality of complex and dynamic project coordination such as in hospital emergency departments. The dataset used for the study was collected by the 2004 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey--a national probability sample survey of visits to emergency and outpatient departments of non-Federal, short-stay and general hospitals in the United States. Using social network analysis, this study allows us to understand the possible causes of inefficient coordination performance and coordination quality resulting in access blocks. 相似文献
65.
Community attitudes toward forest conservation programs through collaborative protected area management in Bangladesh 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mohammad Shaheed Hossain Chowdhury Chloe Gudmundsson Shigeyuki Izumiyama Masao Koike Nahid Nazia Md. Parvez Rana Sharif Ahmed Mukul Nur Muhammed Mohammed Redowan 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2014,16(6):1235-1252
The formulation of conservation policies with options for creating protected areas is significantly influenced by the social factors of the surrounding communities. Therefore, indigenous knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of the local communities need to be explored during the planning and implementation stages of conservation projects. A government-initiated experiment in co-management was conducted in the Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary, Bangladesh. This paper analyzes the attitudes toward conservation by members of local communities living in and around the wildlife sanctuary. Training incentives on alternative income-generating (AIG) activities and allotment of agricultural lands were distributed among the Forest User Groups. It is of interest to policy makers and resource managers whether this technique leads to improved attitudes on the part of local people. Although there were different attitudes toward protected areas and conservation, overall, a favorable attitude of the respondents was observed. The opinions of respondents also varied based on factors such as village position, village dependency level on forest resources, ethnicity and gender. Increase in annual income resulting from the augmented skills by trainings on AIG activities and getting agricultural lands leased from the Forest Department contributed significantly to the variation in respondents’ conservation attitudes. It is suggested that eliminating inequity and inequality in incentive distribution, discovering and launching training on more need-based livelihood activities, and liberalizing the restriction of resource extraction from the protected area by fixing the harvesting limit would encourage the community to be more cordially and actively involved in the conservation efforts of the sanctuary. 相似文献
66.
67.
Mohammad Anwar Hossain Golum Kibria Muhammad Mustafizur Rahman Mohammad Mizanur Rahman Abul Hossain Moll Mohammad Mostafizur Rahman Mohammad Khabir Uddin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(4):231-240
Degradation of soil and water from discharge of untreated industrial effluent is alarming in Bangladesh. Therefore, buildup of heavy metals in soil from contaminated effluent, their entry into the food chain and effects on rice yield were quantified in a pot experiment. The treatments were comprised of 0, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% industrial effluents applied as irrigation water. Effluents, initial soil, different parts of rice plants and post-harvest pot soil were analyzed for various elements, including heavy metals. Application of elevated levels of effluent contributed to increased heavy metals in pot soils and rice roots due to translocation effects, which were transferred to rice straw and grain. The results indicated that heavy metal toxicity may develop in soil because of contaminated effluent application. Heavy metals are not biodegradable, rather they accumulate in soils, and transfer of these metals from effluent to soil and plant cells was found to reduce the growth and development of rice plants and thereby contributed to lower yield. Moreover, a higher concentration of effluent caused heavy metal toxicity as well as reduction of growth and yield of rice, and in the long run a more aggravated situation may threaten human lives, which emphasizes the obligatory adoption of effluent treatment before its release to the environment, and regular monitoring by government agencies needs to be ensured. 相似文献
68.
Khan Abdul Gaffar Hossain Md. Afzal Chen Songsheng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(31):42150-42160
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - It is agreeable that the rapid progress of civilization throughout the years came at a great price for severe environmental damages. Currently, human... 相似文献
69.
Haque Md. Morshedul Hossain Nur Jolly Yeasmin N. Tareq Shafi M. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(37):51329-51341
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Chicken is one of the major protein sources and more affordable for the population of Bangladesh. Its quality monitoring is of high priority for food... 相似文献
70.
M. Shah Nawaz Chowdhury M. Shahadat Hossain Nani Gopal Das Prabal Barua 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2011,15(1):163-180
The Naaf River estuary is one of the large estuaries in the Bangladesh coastal region not to have been affected by extensive
human disturbance. This research provides information about the fisheries diversity status by Estuarine Set Bag Net (ESBN)
sampling relation to physicochemical variables in both spatio-temporal scales. About 25 km of the lower estuary was divided
into six zones for sample collection by considering the accessibility and availability of the ESBN operation, fish landing
centers and location of the fishing villages. In total 48 samples have been analyzed which were taken throughout March to
October 2006. To quantify the species diversity, all fisheries data were analyzed by using EstimateS and EcoSim software which
accounts the different diversity indices viz., species richness, Shannon–Wiener diversity Index, Dominance and Evenness index.
The research results demonstrate that the Naaf River estuary is a habitat of 161 (species richness, Sobs = 161, Choa 1 = 162 ± 2.34,
ACE = 161.73) different species which belong to 98 fin fishes, 23 shrimps and prawns, 13 crabs, 11 molluscs, 3 echinoderms,
4 other crustaceans; while 9 remain unidentified. Results on the aquatic environment, mainly salinity and turbidity were found
to have a major influence on their occurrence and distribution. All the findings indicated that the Naaf River estuary is
a highly productive system and provides a favourable environment for large variety of estuarine species assemblages. 相似文献